Tonga
Upper-middle income
- Prezentare generală
- Prevalența obezității
- Tendințe în timp
- Clasificarea populației
- Conducători auto
- Comorbidități
- Impactul economic
- Politici (disponibile numai în limba engleză)
- Contextual factors
Report cards
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Clasificarea populației
Conducători auto
Activitate insuficientă
Consum de băuturi răcoritoare
Consum de fructe
Consum de legume
Consumul mâncărurilor de tip fast-food
Consum de carne procesată
Consum de cereale
Depresie
Anxietate
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Like all chronic diseases, the root causes/drivers of obesity are complex. Select here to view 'other' root causes/drivers.Alăptare
Descărcați fișa de raport
Comorbidități
Impactul economic
Politici (disponibile numai în limba engleză)
Contextual factors
Prevalența obezității
Adulți, 2017
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 18-69 |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 3858 |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Cu excepția cazului în care se specifică altfel, supraponderalitatea se referă la un IMC între 25 kg și 29,9 kg/m², obezitatea se referă la un IMC mai mare de 30 kg/m². |
Adulți, 2012
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 25-64 |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 2599 |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | STEPS |
Cu excepția cazului în care se specifică altfel, supraponderalitatea se referă la un IMC între 25 kg și 29,9 kg/m², obezitatea se referă la un IMC mai mare de 30 kg/m². |
Adulți, 2004
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 15-64 |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 958 |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 |
Cu excepția cazului în care se specifică altfel, supraponderalitatea se referă la un IMC între 25 kg și 29,9 kg/m², obezitatea se referă la un IMC mai mare de 30 kg/m². |
Adulți, 1998-2000
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 15-85 |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 1024 |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. |
Cu excepția cazului în care se specifică altfel, supraponderalitatea se referă la un IMC între 25 kg și 29,9 kg/m², obezitatea se referă la un IMC mai mare de 30 kg/m². |
Copii, 2017
Tip de studiu: | Auto-raportat |
Vârstă: | 13-17 |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 3333 |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Tonga - Global School-Based Student Health Survey 2017 https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/tonga/en/ (Last accessed 20.10.20) |
Cutoffs: | WHO |
Copii, 2010
Tip de studiu: | Auto-raportat |
Vârstă: | 13-15 |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 2111 |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Global School Health Student Survey Factsheet Tonga, available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/2010_GSHS_FS_Tonga.pdf?ua=1 (last accessed 14.12.20) |
Cutoffs: | WHO |
Copii, 2002-2003
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 5-11 |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 895 |
Bibliografie: | Shoko Fukuyama a; Tsukasa Inaoka b; Yasuhiro Matsumura c; Taro Yamauchi a; Kazumi Natsuhara d; Ryosuke kimura e; Ryutaro Ohtsuka f. Anthropometry of 5-19-year-old Tongan children with special interest in the high prevalence of obesity among adolescent girls. Annals of Human Biology, Volume 32, Issue 6 November 2005 , pages 714 - 723 |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3 |
Cutoffs: | IOTF |
0-5 years, 2019
Vârstă: | 0-5 |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 1271 |
Bibliografie: | MICS: Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Report. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Tonga Statistics Department |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2019
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 0-5 |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 1271 |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Report. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Tonga Statistics Department |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Infants. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Weight for height. Overweight = +2SD-+3SD. Obesity = >+3SD |
Cutoffs: | Other |
0-5 years, 2012
Vârstă: | 0-5 |
Bibliografie: | DHS-Style: Tonga demographic and health survey 2012. Noumea, New Caledonia: Secretariat of the Pacific Community, 2013. |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | =>+2SD |
% Adults living with obesity in Tonga 1998-2017
Femei
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Bibliografie: | 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2012: STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Cu excepția cazului în care se specifică altfel, supraponderalitatea se referă la un IMC între 25 kg și 29,9 kg/m², obezitatea se referă la un IMC mai mare de 30 kg/m². | |
Este posibil să fi fost folosite metodologii diferite pentru colectarea acestor date și, prin urmare, datele din diferite studii pot să nu fie strict comparabile. Verificați cu sursele de date originale metodologiile utilizate |
Bărbați
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Bibliografie: | 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2012: STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Cu excepția cazului în care se specifică altfel, supraponderalitatea se referă la un IMC între 25 kg și 29,9 kg/m², obezitatea se referă la un IMC mai mare de 30 kg/m². | |
Este posibil să fi fost folosite metodologii diferite pentru colectarea acestor date și, prin urmare, datele din diferite studii pot să nu fie strict comparabile. Verificați cu sursele de date originale metodologiile utilizate |
% Adults living with overweight or obesity in Tonga 1998-2017
Femei
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Bibliografie: | 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2012: STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Cu excepția cazului în care se specifică altfel, supraponderalitatea se referă la un IMC între 25 kg și 29,9 kg/m², obezitatea se referă la un IMC mai mare de 30 kg/m². | |
Este posibil să fi fost folosite metodologii diferite pentru colectarea acestor date și, prin urmare, datele din diferite studii pot să nu fie strict comparabile. Verificați cu sursele de date originale metodologiile utilizate |
Bărbați
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Bibliografie: | 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2012: STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Cu excepția cazului în care se specifică altfel, supraponderalitatea se referă la un IMC între 25 kg și 29,9 kg/m², obezitatea se referă la un IMC mai mare de 30 kg/m². | |
Este posibil să fi fost folosite metodologii diferite pentru colectarea acestor date și, prin urmare, datele din diferite studii pot să nu fie strict comparabile. Verificați cu sursele de date originale metodologiile utilizate |
% Adults living with obesity in selected countries in the Asia/Oceania Region 1975-2019, țări selectate
Bărbați
Bibliografie: | 1976, 1981, 1986: Yoshiike N, Seino F, Tajima S, Arai Y, Kawano M, Furuhata T, Inoue S. Twenty-year changes in the prevalence of overweight in Japanese adults: The National Nutrition Survey 1976-95. Obesity Reviews 2002;3:183-190 1993, 2005, 2013: Chang HC, Yang HC, Chang HY, et al. Morbid obesity in Taiwan: Prevalence, trends, associated social demographics, and lifestyle factors. PLoS One. 2017;12(2):e0169577. Published 2017 Feb 2. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169577 1995, 1996: Martorell R, Khan LK, Hughes ML, Grummer Strawn LM. Obesity in women from developing countries. EJCN (2000) 54;247-252 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2000: Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. The burden of overweight and obesity in the Asia-Pacific region. Obesity Reviews 2007;8:191-196. 2001: SCN (2004). 5th Report on the World Nutrition Situation. Nutrition for Improved Development Outcomes. Appendix 11 2002: Report of the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. 2004. (In Chinese). Chinese Ministry of Public Health (CMPH). 2003: http://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/files/fnri%20files/nns/factsandfigures2003/anthropometric.pdf (last accessed June 14th 2011) 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2006: Gerritsen S, Stefanogiannis N, Galloway Y, Devlin M, Templaton R and Yeh L. A portrait of health: key results of the 2006/07 New Zealand Health Survey. 2007: Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). National Health Survey: Summary of results. Canberra, Australia, ABS, 2009. WHO Global InfoBase reference:102910 2008: Food and Nutrition Research Institute-Department of Science and Technology (FNRI-DOST). 2010. Philippine Nutrition Facts and Figures 2008. DOST Complex, FNRI Bldg., Bicutan, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines. 2009: Yan, S., Li, J., Li, S., Zhang, B., Du, S., Gordon-Larsen, P., Adair, L. and Popkin, B. (2012), The expanding burden of cardiometabolic risk in China: the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Obesity Reviews. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01016.x 2011: National Institute of Population Research and Training - NIPORT/Bangladesh, Mitra and Associates/Bangladesh, and ICF International. 2013. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Dhaka, Bangladesh: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International. 2012: New Zealand Health Survey. https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2018-19-new-zealand-health-survey (last accessed 14.07.20) 2014: National Institute of Population Research and Training - NIPORT/Bangladesh, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International. 2016. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2014. Dhaka, Bangladesh: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International.. http://www.dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-FR311-DHS-Final-Reports.cfm (last accessed 11th April 2016) 2015: Institute for Public Health (IPH) 2015. National Health and Morbidity Survey 2015 (NHMS 2015). Vol. II: Non-Communicable Diseases, Risk Factors & Other Health Problems; 2015. 2016: Ministry of Health - MOH/Nepal, New ERA/Nepal, and ICF. 2017. Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Kathmandu, Nepal: MOH/Nepal, New ERA/Nepal, and ICF. 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) 2018: New Zealand Health Survey 2018-19. New Zealand Ministry of Health (https://minhealthnz.shinyapps.io/nz-health-survey-2018-19-annual-data-explorer/_w_b396d161/#!/key-indicators accessed 14.11.19) 2019: Institute for Public Health (IPH), National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia. 2020. National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019: Vol. I: NCDs – Non-Communicable Diseases: Risk Factors and other Health Problems 2020: Annual Update of New Zealand Health Survey 2020/2021 available at https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2020-21-new-zealand-health-survey Accessed 08.11.21. 2021: Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute (DOST-FNRI). 2024. Philippine Nutrition Facts and Figures: 2021 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS). FNRI Bldg., DOST Compound, Gen. Santos Avenue, Bicutan, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines. https://enutrition.fnri.dost.gov.ph/facts-and-figures.php?year=2021 [Accessed 14.07.25] 2022: Australian National Health Survey 2022-2023. https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/health/health-conditions-and-risks/waist-circumference-and-bmi/2022#body-mass-index-bmi- (Accessed 03.01.2024) 2023: Institute for Public Health (IKU). National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2023: Non-Communicable Diseases and Healthcare Demand: Technical Report; 2024. Available at https://iku.nih.gov.my/nhms-2023 (last accessed 04.02.25) |
Este posibil să fi fost folosite metodologii diferite pentru colectarea acestor date și, prin urmare, datele din diferite studii pot să nu fie strict comparabile. Verificați cu sursele de date originale metodologiile utilizate |
Femei
Bibliografie: | 1976, 1981, 1986: Yoshiike N, Seino F, Tajima S, Arai Y, Kawano M, Furuhata T, Inoue S. Twenty-year changes in the prevalence of overweight in Japanese adults: The National Nutrition Survey 1976-95. Obesity Reviews 2002;3:183-190 1993, 2005, 2013: Chang HC, Yang HC, Chang HY, et al. Morbid obesity in Taiwan: Prevalence, trends, associated social demographics, and lifestyle factors. PLoS One. 2017;12(2):e0169577. Published 2017 Feb 2. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169577 1995, 1996: Martorell R, Khan LK, Hughes ML, Grummer Strawn LM. Obesity in women from developing countries. EJCN (2000) 54;247-252 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2000: Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. The burden of overweight and obesity in the Asia-Pacific region. Obesity Reviews 2007;8:191-196. 2001: SCN (2004). 5th Report on the World Nutrition Situation. Nutrition for Improved Development Outcomes. Appendix 11 2002: Report of the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. 2004. (In Chinese). Chinese Ministry of Public Health (CMPH). 2003: http://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/files/fnri%20files/nns/factsandfigures2003/anthropometric.pdf (last accessed June 14th 2011) 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2006: Gerritsen S, Stefanogiannis N, Galloway Y, Devlin M, Templaton R and Yeh L. A portrait of health: key results of the 2006/07 New Zealand Health Survey. 2007: Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). National Health Survey: Summary of results. Canberra, Australia, ABS, 2009. WHO Global InfoBase reference:102910 2008: Food and Nutrition Research Institute-Department of Science and Technology (FNRI-DOST). 2010. Philippine Nutrition Facts and Figures 2008. DOST Complex, FNRI Bldg., Bicutan, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines. 2009: Yan, S., Li, J., Li, S., Zhang, B., Du, S., Gordon-Larsen, P., Adair, L. and Popkin, B. (2012), The expanding burden of cardiometabolic risk in China: the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Obesity Reviews. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01016.x 2011: National Institute of Population Research and Training - NIPORT/Bangladesh, Mitra and Associates/Bangladesh, and ICF International. 2013. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011. Dhaka, Bangladesh: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International. 2012: New Zealand Health Survey. https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2018-19-new-zealand-health-survey (last accessed 14.07.20) 2014: National Institute of Population Research and Training - NIPORT/Bangladesh, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International. 2016. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2014. Dhaka, Bangladesh: NIPORT, Mitra and Associates, and ICF International.. http://www.dhsprogram.com/publications/publication-FR311-DHS-Final-Reports.cfm (last accessed 11th April 2016) 2015: Institute for Public Health (IPH) 2015. National Health and Morbidity Survey 2015 (NHMS 2015). Vol. II: Non-Communicable Diseases, Risk Factors & Other Health Problems; 2015. 2016: Ministry of Health - MOH/Nepal, New ERA/Nepal, and ICF. 2017. Nepal Demographic and Health Survey 2016. Kathmandu, Nepal: MOH/Nepal, New ERA/Nepal, and ICF. 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) 2018: New Zealand Health Survey 2018-19. New Zealand Ministry of Health (https://minhealthnz.shinyapps.io/nz-health-survey-2018-19-annual-data-explorer/_w_b396d161/#!/key-indicators accessed 14.11.19) 2019: Institute for Public Health (IPH), National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia. 2020. National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019: Vol. I: NCDs – Non-Communicable Diseases: Risk Factors and other Health Problems 2020: Annual Update of New Zealand Health Survey 2020/2021 available at https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2020-21-new-zealand-health-survey Accessed 08.11.21. 2021: Department of Science and Technology - Food and Nutrition Research Institute (DOST-FNRI). 2024. Philippine Nutrition Facts and Figures: 2021 Expanded National Nutrition Survey (ENNS). FNRI Bldg., DOST Compound, Gen. Santos Avenue, Bicutan, Taguig City, Metro Manila, Philippines. https://enutrition.fnri.dost.gov.ph/facts-and-figures.php?year=2021 [Accessed 14.07.25] 2022: Australian National Health Survey 2022-2023. https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/health/health-conditions-and-risks/waist-circumference-and-bmi/2022#body-mass-index-bmi- (Accessed 03.01.2024) 2023: Institute for Public Health (IKU). National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2023: Non-Communicable Diseases and Healthcare Demand: Technical Report; 2024. Available at https://iku.nih.gov.my/nhms-2023 (last accessed 04.02.25) |
Este posibil să fi fost folosite metodologii diferite pentru colectarea acestor date și, prin urmare, datele din diferite studii pot să nu fie strict comparabile. Verificați cu sursele de date originale metodologiile utilizate |
Exces de greutate/obezitate în funcție de vârstă
Adulți, 2012
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 2599 |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | STEPS |
Cu excepția cazului în care se specifică altfel, supraponderalitatea se referă la un IMC între 25 kg și 29,9 kg/m², obezitatea se referă la un IMC mai mare de 30 kg/m². |
Exces de greutate/obezitate în funcție de regiune
0-5 years, 2019
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 1271 |
Bibliografie: | MICS: Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Report. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Tonga Statistics Department |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2012
Bibliografie: | DHS-Style: Tonga demographic and health survey 2012. Noumea, New Caledonia: Secretariat of the Pacific Community, 2013. |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | =>+2SD |
Exces de greutate/obezitate în funcție de grupul socio-economic
0-5 years, 2019
Dimensiunea eșantionului: | 1271 |
Bibliografie: | MICS: Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Report. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Tonga Statistics Department |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2012
Bibliografie: | DHS-Style: Tonga demographic and health survey 2012. Noumea, New Caledonia: Secretariat of the Pacific Community, 2013. |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | =>+2SD |
Double burden of underweight & overweight
Adulți, 2022
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 20+ |
Bibliografie: | NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2. |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Age Standardised estimates |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Combined prevalence of BMI<18.5 kg/m² and BMI>=30 kg/m² (double burden of underweight and obesity) |
Copii, 2022
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 5-19 |
Bibliografie: | NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2. |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Age standardised estimates |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Combined prevalence of BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD (double burden of thinness and obesity) |
Cutoffs: | BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD |
0-5 years, 2019-2019
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 0-5 |
Bibliografie: | UNICEF data available at https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/malnutrition/(last accessed 12.03.25) |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Children under 5 falling below -2 standard deviations from the median height for age and falling at or above +2 standard deviations from the median weight-for-height of the reference population |
Activitate fizică insuficientă
Adulți, 2016
Bibliografie: | Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7 |
Bărbați, 2016
Bibliografie: | Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7 |
Femei, 2016
Bibliografie: | Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7 |
Copii, 2016
Tip de studiu: | Auto-raportat |
Vârstă: | 11-17 |
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21) |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Băieți, 2016
Tip de studiu: | Auto-raportat |
Vârstă: | 11-17 |
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21) |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Fete, 2016
Tip de studiu: | Auto-raportat |
Vârstă: | 11-17 |
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21) |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Copii, 2010
Vârstă: | 11-17 |
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Băieți, 2010
Vârstă: | 11-17 |
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Fete, 2010
Vârstă: | 11-17 |
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Frecvența medie zilnică a consumului a băuturilor răcoritoare carbogazoase
Copii, 2010-2015
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 12-17 |
Bibliografie: | Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system |
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adulți, 2017
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 25+ |
Bibliografie: | Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/ |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day) |
Frecvență mai mică decât zilnică a consumului de fructe
Copii, 2010-2015
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 12-17 |
Bibliografie: | Global School-based Student Health Surveys. Beal et al (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Prevalence of less-than-daily fruit consumption (% less-than-daily fruit consumption) |
Frecvență mai mică decât zilnică a consumului de legume
Copii, 2010-2015
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 12-17 |
Bibliografie: | Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Prevalence of less-than-daily vegetable consumption (% less-than-daily vegetable consumption) |
Frecvența medie săptămânală a consumului de mâncăruri de tip fast-food
Copii, 2010-2015
Vârstă: | 12-17 |
Bibliografie: | Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system |
Consum estimat de carne procesată pe cap de locuitor
Adulți, 2017
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 25+ |
Bibliografie: | Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/ |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day) |
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adulți, 2017
Tip de studiu: | Măsurat |
Vârstă: | 25+ |
Bibliografie: | Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/ |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day) |
Sănătate mintală - tulburări depresive
Adulți, 2021
Vârstă: | 20+ |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25) |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years) |
Bărbați, 2021
Vârstă: | 20+ |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25) |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years) |
Femei, 2021
Vârstă: | 20+ |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25) |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years) |
Adulți, 2015-2021
Bibliografie: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of population with depression disorders |
Adulți, 2015-2021
Bibliografie: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of population with depression disorders |
Bărbați, 2015-2021
Bibliografie: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of population with depression disorders |
Femei, 2015-2021
Bibliografie: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of population with depression disorders |
Copii, 2021
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25) |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age) |
Băieți, 2021
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25) |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age) |
Fete, 2021
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25) |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age) |
Sănătate mintală - tulburări de anxietate
Adulți, 2021
Vârstă: | 20+ |
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25). |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population |
Bărbați, 2021
Vârstă: | 20+ |
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25). |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population |
Femei, 2021
Vârstă: | 20+ |
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25). |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population |
Adulți, 2015-2021
Bibliografie: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of population with anxiety disorders |
Adulți, 2015-2021
Bibliografie: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of population with anxiety disorders |
Bărbați, 2015-2021
Bibliografie: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of population with anxiety disorders |
Femei, 2015-2021
Bibliografie: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % of population with anxiety disorders |
Copii, 2021
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25) |
Băieți, 2021
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25) |
Fete, 2021
Bibliografie: | Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25) |
% sugari hrăniți exclusiv la sân 0-5 luni
0-5 years, 2007-2023
Bibliografie: | Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Report. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Tonga Statistics Department |
Note (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Full details are available. Original citation United Nations Children’s Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2023). Global UNICEF Global Databases: Infant and Young Child Feeding: Exclusive breastfeeding, New York, October 2023. |
Tensiune arterială ridicată
Adulți, 2015
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90). |
Bărbați, 2015
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90). |
Femei, 2015
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90). |
Colesterol mare
Adulți, 2008
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885 |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate). |
Bărbați, 2008
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885 |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate). |
Femei, 2008
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885 |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | % Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate). |
Glicemie mare în condiții de repaus alimentar
Bărbați, 2014
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication). |
Femei, 2014
Bibliografie: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication). |
Prevalența diabetului
Adulți, 2024
Bibliografie: | Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 11th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2025. http://www.diabetesatlas.org |
Adulți, 2021
Vârstă: | 20-79 |
Zona acoperită: | Național |
Bibliografie: | Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, % |
Adulți, 2019
Vârstă: | 20-79 |
Bibliografie: | Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%). |
Adulți, 2017
Bibliografie: | Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org |
Definiții (disponibile numai în limba engleză): | Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%). |
Economic impact of overweight and obesity
Policies, Interventions and Actions
Contextual factors
Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.
Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.
Labelling
Is there mandatory nutrition labelling? | Absent |
Front-of-package labelling? | Absent |
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration? | Absent |
Color coding? | Absent |
Warning label? | Absent |
Regulation and marketing
Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products? | Present |
Tax on unhealthy foods? | Absent |
Tax on unhealthy drinks? | Present |
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products? | Absent |
Subsidy on fruits? | Absent |
Subsidy on vegetables? | Absent |
Subsidy on other healthy products? | Absent |
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)? | Absent |
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? | Absent |
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? | Absent |
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children? | Absent |
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media? | Absent |
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media? | Absent |
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children? | Absent |
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools? | Absent |
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products? | Absent |
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement? | Absent |
Political will and support
National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy? | Absent |
National obesity strategy? | Absent |
National childhood obesity strategy? | Absent |
Comprehensive nutrition strategy? | Absent |
Comprehensive physical activity strategy? | Absent |
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs? | Absent |
National target(s) on reducing obesity? | Absent |
Promotion of breastfeeding? | Present |
Monitoring and surveillance
Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors? | Present |
Within 5 years? | Present |
Governance and resource
Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)? | Present |
Key
Last updated September 13, 2022
Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions