Tonga
- Visão geral
- Prevalência de obesidade
- Tendências ao longo do tempo
- Discriminação da população
- Condutores
- Comorbidades
- Impacto económico
- Políticas (disponível apenas em inglês)
- Contextual factors
A carregar dados, aguarde
Risco de obesidade nacional *7,5/10This is a composite ‘obesity risk’ score (out of 10, the highest risk) based on obesity prevalence, rate of increase, likelihood of meeting the 2025 target, treatment indicator and childhood stunting levels.Risco de obesidade infantil *10/11This is a ‘risk score’ for each country’s likelihood of having or acquiring a major childhood obesity problem during the 2020s, taking account of current prevalence levels and risk for future obesity (based on stunting among infants, maternal obesity, maternal smoking, and breastfeeding rates).
Prevalência de obesidade
Tendências ao longo do tempo
Transferir ficha de relatório
A ficha de relatório reúne todos os gráficos mais recentes para este país. Se desejar produzir um relatório personalizado com base em gráficos selecionados, basta tocar no botão Adicionar a PDF personalizado abaixo dos gráficos que desejar usar.Discriminação da população
Condutores
Atividade insuficiente
Consumo de refrigerantes
Consumo de fruta
Consumo de vegetais
Consumo de comida rápida
Consumo de carne processada
Consumo de cereais
Depressão
Ansiedade
Raízes da obesidade »
Like all chronic diseases, the root causes/drivers of obesity are complex. Select here to view 'other' root causes/drivers.Amamentar
Transferir ficha de relatório
Comorbidades
Impacto económico
Políticas (disponível apenas em inglês)
Contextual factors
Prevalência de obesidade
Adultos, 2017
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 18-69 |
Tamanho da amostra: | 3858 |
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². |
Adultos, 2012
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 25-64 |
Tamanho da amostra: | 2599 |
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) |
Notas: | STEPS |
Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². |
Adultos, 2004
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 15-64 |
Tamanho da amostra: | 958 |
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 |
Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². |
Adultos, 1998-2000
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 15-85 |
Tamanho da amostra: | 1024 |
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. |
Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². |
Crianças, 2019
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 0-5 |
Tamanho da amostra: | 1271 |
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Report. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Tonga Statistics Department |
Notas: | Infants. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Weight for height. Overweight = +2SD-+3SD. Obesity = >+3SD |
Cutoffs: | Other |
Crianças, 2017
Tipo de inquérito: | Autorreportado |
Idade: | 13-17 |
Tamanho da amostra: | 3333 |
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | Tonga - Global School-Based Student Health Survey 2017 https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/tonga/en/ (Last accessed 20.10.20) |
Cutoffs: | WHO |
Crianças, 2010
Tipo de inquérito: | Autorreportado |
Idade: | 13-15 |
Tamanho da amostra: | 2111 |
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | Global School Health Student Survey Factsheet Tonga, available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/2010_GSHS_FS_Tonga.pdf?ua=1 (last accessed 14.12.20) |
Cutoffs: | WHO |
Crianças, 2002-2003
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 5-11 |
Tamanho da amostra: | 895 |
Referências: | Shoko Fukuyama a; Tsukasa Inaoka b; Yasuhiro Matsumura c; Taro Yamauchi a; Kazumi Natsuhara d; Ryosuke kimura e; Ryutaro Ohtsuka f. Anthropometry of 5-19-year-old Tongan children with special interest in the high prevalence of obesity among adolescent girls. Annals of Human Biology, Volume 32, Issue 6 November 2005 , pages 714 - 723 |
Notas: | IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3 |
Cutoffs: | IOTF |
% de adultos que vivem com obesidade, 1998-2017
Mulheres
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Referências: | 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2012: STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas |
Homens
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Referências: | 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2012: STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas |
% de adultos que vivem com excesso de peso ou obesidade, 1998-2017
Mulheres
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Referências: | 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2012: STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas |
Homens
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Referências: | 1998: Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383. 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2012: STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) |
Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas |
% de adultos que vivem com obesidade, países selecionados, 1976-2023
Homens
Referências: | 1976, 1981, 1986: Yoshiike N, Seino F, Tajima S, Arai Y, Kawano M, Furuhata T, Inoue S. Twenty-year changes in the prevalence of overweight in Japanese adults: The National Nutrition Survey 1976-95. Obesity Reviews 2002;3:183-190 1993: Solon FS. Nutrition related chronic diseases in the Philippines. Makati city, Philippines: Nutrition Center of the Philippines Report Series, vol 2, No.1, cited in Reference 53 1995, 1996: Martorell R, Khan LK, Hughes ML, Grummer Strawn LM. Obesity in women from developing countries. EJCN (2000) 54;247-252 1998: Data provided by the Philippean Depatment of Health, Dr C. Barbu, data reanalysed by Dr Charmaine Duante. 2000: Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. The burden of overweight and obesity in the Asia-Pacific region. Obesity Reviews 2007;8:191-196. 2001: SCN (2004). 5th Report on the World Nutrition Situation. Nutrition for Improved Development Outcomes. Appendix 11 2002: Report of the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. 2004. (In Chinese). Chinese Ministry of Public Health (CMPH). 2003: http://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/files/fnri%20files/nns/factsandfigures2003/anthropometric.pdf (last accessed June 14th 2011) 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2005, 2013: Chang HC, Yang HC, Chang HY, et al. Morbid obesity in Taiwan: Prevalence, trends, associated social demographics, and lifestyle factors. PLoS One. 2017;12(2):e0169577. Published 2017 Feb 2. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169577 2006: Gerritsen S, Stefanogiannis N, Galloway Y, Devlin M, Templaton R and Yeh L. A portrait of health: key results of the 2006/07 New Zealand Health Survey. 2007: Mohamud WN, Musa KI, Khir AS, Ismail AA, Ismail IS, Kadir KA, Kamaruddin NA, Yaacob NA, Mustafa N, Ali O, Isa SH, Bebakar WM.Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult Malaysians: an update. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2011;20(1):35-41. 2009: Yan, S., Li, J., Li, S., Zhang, B., Du, S., Gordon-Larsen, P., Adair, L. and Popkin, B. (2012), The expanding burden of cardiometabolic risk in China: the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Obesity Reviews. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01016.x 2011, 2012: New Zealand Health Survey. https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2018-19-new-zealand-health-survey (last accessed 14.07.20) 2014: New Zealand Health Survey 2014/15. https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2014-15-new-zealand-health-survey (last accessed 16.12.2015) 2015: 2015 Philippine Anthropometric Survey. http://enutrition.fnri.dost.gov.ph/site/preview.php?xx=%20uploads/2015_ANTHROPOMETRIC_SURVEY.pdf 2016: Ministry of Health. 2018. Annual Data Explorer 2017/18: New Zealand Health Survey [Data File]. URL: https://minhealthnz.shinyapps.io/nz-health-survey-2017-18-annual-data-explorer/(last accessed 14th December 2017) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) 2018: New Zealand Health Survey 2018-19. New Zealand Ministry of Health (https://minhealthnz.shinyapps.io/nz-health-survey-2018-19-annual-data-explorer/_w_b396d161/#!/key-indicators accessed 14.11.19) 2019: Institute for Public Health (IPH), National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia. 2020. National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019: Vol. I: NCDs – Non-Communicable Diseases: Risk Factors and other Health Problems 2020: Annual Update of New Zealand Health Survey 2020/2021 available at https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2020-21-new-zealand-health-survey Accessed 08.11.21. 2022: Australian National Health Survey 2022-2023. https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/health/health-conditions-and-risks/waist-circumference-and-bmi/2022#body-mass-index-bmi- (Accessed 03.01.2024) |
Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas |
Mulheres
Referências: | 1976, 1981, 1986: Yoshiike N, Seino F, Tajima S, Arai Y, Kawano M, Furuhata T, Inoue S. Twenty-year changes in the prevalence of overweight in Japanese adults: The National Nutrition Survey 1976-95. Obesity Reviews 2002;3:183-190 1993: Solon FS. Nutrition related chronic diseases in the Philippines. Makati city, Philippines: Nutrition Center of the Philippines Report Series, vol 2, No.1, cited in Reference 53 1995, 1996: Martorell R, Khan LK, Hughes ML, Grummer Strawn LM. Obesity in women from developing countries. EJCN (2000) 54;247-252 1998: Data provided by the Philippean Depatment of Health, Dr C. Barbu, data reanalysed by Dr Charmaine Duante. 2000: Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. The burden of overweight and obesity in the Asia-Pacific region. Obesity Reviews 2007;8:191-196. 2001: SCN (2004). 5th Report on the World Nutrition Situation. Nutrition for Improved Development Outcomes. Appendix 11 2002: Report of the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. 2004. (In Chinese). Chinese Ministry of Public Health (CMPH). 2003: http://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/files/fnri%20files/nns/factsandfigures2003/anthropometric.pdf (last accessed June 14th 2011) 2004: Tonga STEPS Survey 2004 2005, 2013: Chang HC, Yang HC, Chang HY, et al. Morbid obesity in Taiwan: Prevalence, trends, associated social demographics, and lifestyle factors. PLoS One. 2017;12(2):e0169577. Published 2017 Feb 2. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169577 2006: Gerritsen S, Stefanogiannis N, Galloway Y, Devlin M, Templaton R and Yeh L. A portrait of health: key results of the 2006/07 New Zealand Health Survey. 2007: Mohamud WN, Musa KI, Khir AS, Ismail AA, Ismail IS, Kadir KA, Kamaruddin NA, Yaacob NA, Mustafa N, Ali O, Isa SH, Bebakar WM.Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adult Malaysians: an update. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2011;20(1):35-41. 2009: Yan, S., Li, J., Li, S., Zhang, B., Du, S., Gordon-Larsen, P., Adair, L. and Popkin, B. (2012), The expanding burden of cardiometabolic risk in China: the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Obesity Reviews. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01016.x 2011, 2012: New Zealand Health Survey. https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2018-19-new-zealand-health-survey (last accessed 14.07.20) 2014: New Zealand Health Survey 2014/15. https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2014-15-new-zealand-health-survey (last accessed 16.12.2015) 2015: 2015 Philippine Anthropometric Survey. http://enutrition.fnri.dost.gov.ph/site/preview.php?xx=%20uploads/2015_ANTHROPOMETRIC_SURVEY.pdf 2016: Ministry of Health. 2018. Annual Data Explorer 2017/18: New Zealand Health Survey [Data File]. URL: https://minhealthnz.shinyapps.io/nz-health-survey-2017-18-annual-data-explorer/(last accessed 14th December 2017) 2017: Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20) 2018: New Zealand Health Survey 2018-19. New Zealand Ministry of Health (https://minhealthnz.shinyapps.io/nz-health-survey-2018-19-annual-data-explorer/_w_b396d161/#!/key-indicators accessed 14.11.19) 2019: Institute for Public Health (IPH), National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia. 2020. National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2019: Vol. I: NCDs – Non-Communicable Diseases: Risk Factors and other Health Problems 2020: Annual Update of New Zealand Health Survey 2020/2021 available at https://www.health.govt.nz/publication/annual-update-key-results-2020-21-new-zealand-health-survey Accessed 08.11.21. 2022: Australian National Health Survey 2022-2023. https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/health/health-conditions-and-risks/waist-circumference-and-bmi/2022#body-mass-index-bmi- (Accessed 03.01.2024) |
Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas |
Excesso de peso/obesidade por idade
Adultos, 2012
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Tamanho da amostra: | 2599 |
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020) |
Notas: | STEPS |
Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². |
Atividade física insuficiente
Adultos, 2016
Referências: | Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7 |
Homens, 2016
Referências: | Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7 |
Mulheres, 2016
Referências: | Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7 |
Crianças, 2016
Tipo de inquérito: | Autorreportado |
Idade: | 11-17 |
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21) |
Notas: | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Rapazes, 2016
Tipo de inquérito: | Autorreportado |
Idade: | 11-17 |
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21) |
Notas: | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Raparigas, 2016
Tipo de inquérito: | Autorreportado |
Idade: | 11-17 |
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21) |
Notas: | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Crianças, 2010
Idade: | 11-17 |
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en |
Notas: | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Rapazes, 2010
Idade: | 11-17 |
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en |
Notas: | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Raparigas, 2010
Idade: | 11-17 |
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en |
Notas: | % of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate) |
Frequência média diária de consumo de refrigerantes
Crianças, 2010-2015
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 12-17 |
Referências: | Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system |
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adultos, 2017
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 25+ |
Referências: | Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/ |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day) |
Prevalência inferior ao consumo diário de fruta
Crianças, 2010-2015
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 12-17 |
Referências: | Global School-based Student Health Surveys. Beal et al (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Prevalence of less-than-daily fruit consumption (% less-than-daily fruit consumption) |
Prevalência inferior ao consumo diário de vegetais
Crianças, 2010-2015
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 12-17 |
Referências: | Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Prevalence of less-than-daily vegetable consumption (% less-than-daily vegetable consumption) |
Frequência semanal média de consumo de comida rápida
Crianças, 2010-2015
Idade: | 12-17 |
Referências: | Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system |
Estimativa de ingestão de carne processada per capita
Adultos, 2017
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 25+ |
Referências: | Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/ |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day) |
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adultos, 2017
Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
Idade: | 25+ |
Referências: | Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/ |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day) |
Saúde mental - transtornos depressivos
Adultos, 2015
Referências: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % of population with depression disorders |
Saúde mental - transtornos de ansiedade
Adultos, 2015
Referências: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % of population with anxiety disorders |
% de bebés entre os 0 e 5 meses exclusivamente amamentados
Crianças, 2004-2020
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Report. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Tonga Statistics Department |
Notas: | See UNICEF website for further survey information. Available at : https://data.unicef.org/resources/dataset/infant-young-child-feeding/ (last accessed 28.9.21) Citation: United Nations Children’s Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2021). Global UNICEF Global Databases: Infant and Young Child Feeding: Exclusive breastfeeding, New York, September 2021. |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % exclusively breastfed 0-5 months |
Pressão arterial elevada
Adultos, 2015
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90). |
Homens, 2015
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90). |
Mulheres, 2015
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90). |
Colesterol elevado
Adultos, 2008
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885 |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate). |
Homens, 2008
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885 |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate). |
Mulheres, 2008
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885 |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | % Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate). |
Glicose no sangue elevada em jejum
Homens, 2014
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication). |
Mulheres, 2014
Referências: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication). |
Prevalência de diabetes
Adultos, 2021
Idade: | 20-79 |
Área abrangida: | Nacional |
Referências: | Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, % |
Adultos, 2019
Idade: | 20-79 |
Referências: | Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%). |
Adultos, 2017
Referências: | Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org |
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%). |
Economic impact of overweight and obesity
Policies, Interventions and Actions
Contextual factors
Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.
Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.
Labelling
Is there mandatory nutrition labelling? | Absent |
Front-of-package labelling? | Absent |
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration? | Absent |
Color coding? | Absent |
Warning label? | Absent |
Regulation and marketing
Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products? | Present |
Tax on unhealthy foods? | Absent |
Tax on unhealthy drinks? | Present |
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products? | Absent |
Subsidy on fruits? | Absent |
Subsidy on vegetables? | Absent |
Subsidy on other healthy products? | Absent |
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)? | Absent |
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? | Absent |
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? | Absent |
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children? | Absent |
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media? | Absent |
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media? | Absent |
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children? | Absent |
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools? | Absent |
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products? | Absent |
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement? | Absent |
Political will and support
National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy? | Absent |
National obesity strategy? | Absent |
National childhood obesity strategy? | Absent |
Comprehensive nutrition strategy? | Absent |
Comprehensive physical activity strategy? | Absent |
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs? | Absent |
National target(s) on reducing obesity? | Absent |
Guidelines/policy on obesity treatment? | Absent |
Promotion of breastfeeding? | Present |
Monitoring and surveillance
Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors? | Present |
Within 5 years? | Present |
Governance and resource
Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)? | Present |
Key
Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown
Last updated September 13, 2022
Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions