• Pregled
  • Prevalencija pretilosti
  • Trendovi tijekom vremena
  • Klasifikacija podataka o stanovništvu
  • Vozači
  • Komorbiditeti
  • Gospodarski učinak
  • Pravila (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku)
  • Contextual factors
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Prevalencija pretilosti

Odrasle osobe, 2017

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:18-69
Veličina uzorka:3858
Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:Tonga STEPS Survey 2017 https://extranet.who.int/ncdsmicrodata/index.php/catalog/713 (Last accessed 13.10.20)
Ako nije drukčije naznačeno, prekomjerna tjelesna težina odnosi se na BMI između 25 kg i 29,9 kg/m², a pretilost se odnosi na BMI veći od 30 kg/m².

Odrasle osobe, 2012

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:25-64
Veličina uzorka:2599
Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020)
Bilješke:STEPS
Ako nije drukčije naznačeno, prekomjerna tjelesna težina odnosi se na BMI između 25 kg i 29,9 kg/m², a pretilost se odnosi na BMI veći od 30 kg/m².

Odrasle osobe, 2004

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:15-64
Veličina uzorka:958
Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:Tonga STEPS Survey 2004
Ako nije drukčije naznačeno, prekomjerna tjelesna težina odnosi se na BMI između 25 kg i 29,9 kg/m², a pretilost se odnosi na BMI veći od 30 kg/m².

Odrasle osobe, 1998-2000

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:15-85
Veličina uzorka:1024
Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:Colaguir S, Colagiuri R, Na'ati S, Muimuiheata S, Hussain Z and Palau T. (2002). The prevalence of diabetes in the Kingdom of Tonga. Diabetes care, 25: 1378 - 1383.
Ako nije drukčije naznačeno, prekomjerna tjelesna težina odnosi se na BMI između 25 kg i 29,9 kg/m², a pretilost se odnosi na BMI veći od 30 kg/m².

Djeca, 2019

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:0-5
Veličina uzorka:1271
Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Report. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Tonga Statistics Department
Bilješke:Infants.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Weight for height. Overweight = +2SD-+3SD. Obesity = >+3SD
Cutoffs:Other

Djeca, 2017

Vrsta ankete:Koje su ljudi sami naveli
Dob:13-17
Veličina uzorka:3333
Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:Tonga - Global School-Based Student Health Survey 2017 https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/tonga/en/ (Last accessed 20.10.20)
Cutoffs:WHO

Djeca, 2010

Vrsta ankete:Koje su ljudi sami naveli
Dob:13-15
Veličina uzorka:2111
Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:Global School Health Student Survey Factsheet Tonga, available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/2010_GSHS_FS_Tonga.pdf?ua=1 (last accessed 14.12.20)
Cutoffs:WHO

Djeca, 2002-2003

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:5-11
Veličina uzorka:895
Reference:Shoko Fukuyama a;  Tsukasa Inaoka b;  Yasuhiro Matsumura c;  Taro Yamauchi a;  Kazumi Natsuhara d;  Ryosuke kimura e; Ryutaro Ohtsuka f. Anthropometry of 5-19-year-old Tongan children with special interest in the high prevalence of obesity among adolescent girls. Annals of Human Biology, Volume 32, Issue 6 November 2005 , pages 714 - 723
Bilješke:IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3
Cutoffs:IOTF

Prekomjerna tjelesna težina/pretilost prema dobi

Odrasle osobe, 2012

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Veličina uzorka:2599
Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:STEPS Survey Tonga 2012 available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/steps/2012_Tonga_STEPSReport.pdf (last accessed 04.05.2020)
Bilješke:STEPS
Ako nije drukčije naznačeno, prekomjerna tjelesna težina odnosi se na BMI između 25 kg i 29,9 kg/m², a pretilost se odnosi na BMI veći od 30 kg/m².

Nedovoljna tjelesna aktivnost

Odrasle osobe, 2016

Reference:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Muškarci, 2016

Reference:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Žene, 2016

Reference:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Djeca, 2016

Vrsta ankete:Koje su ljudi sami naveli
Dob:11-17
Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Bilješke:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Dječaci, 2016

Vrsta ankete:Koje su ljudi sami naveli
Dob:11-17
Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Bilješke:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Djevojčice, 2016

Vrsta ankete:Koje su ljudi sami naveli
Dob:11-17
Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Bilješke:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Djeca, 2010

Dob:11-17
Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Bilješke:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Dječaci, 2010

Dob:11-17
Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Bilješke:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Djevojčice, 2010

Dob:11-17
Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Bilješke:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Prosječna dnevna učestalost konzumacije bezalkoholnih gaziranih pića

Djeca, 2010-2015

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:12-17
Reference:Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system

Estimated per capita fruit intake

Odrasle osobe, 2017

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:25+
Reference:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day)

Prevalencija konzumacije voća rjeđe od jednom dnevno

Djeca, 2010-2015

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:12-17
Reference:Global School-based Student Health Surveys. Beal et al (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Prevalence of less-than-daily fruit consumption (% less-than-daily fruit consumption)

Prevalencija konzumacije povrća rjeđe od jednom dnevno

Djeca, 2010-2015

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:12-17
Reference:Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Prevalence of less-than-daily vegetable consumption (% less-than-daily vegetable consumption)

Prosječna tjedna učestalost konzumacije brze hrane

Djeca, 2010-2015

Dob:12-17
Reference:Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system

Procijenjeni unos prerađenog mesa po glavi stanovnika

Odrasle osobe, 2017

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:25+
Reference:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)

Estimated per capita whole grains intake

Odrasle osobe, 2017

Vrsta ankete:Izmjereno
Dob:25+
Reference:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day)

Mentalno zdravlje: depresivni poremećaji

Odrasle osobe, 2015

Reference:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% of population with depression disorders

Mentalno zdravlje: anksiozni poremećaji

Odrasle osobe, 2015

Reference:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% of population with anxiety disorders

% dojenčadi koja su samo dojena 0-5 mjeseci

Djeca, 2004-2020

Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:Tonga Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Report. Nuku’alofa, Tonga: Tonga Statistics Department
Bilješke:See UNICEF website for further survey information. Available at : https://data.unicef.org/resources/dataset/infant-young-child-feeding/ (last accessed 28.9.21) Citation: United Nations Children’s Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2021). Global UNICEF Global Databases: Infant and Young Child Feeding: Exclusive breastfeeding, New York, September 2021.
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% exclusively breastfed 0-5 months

Povišenog krvnog tlaka

Odrasle osobe, 2015

Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Muškarci, 2015

Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Žene, 2015

Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Povišenog kolesterola

Odrasle osobe, 2008

Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Muškarci, 2008

Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Žene, 2008

Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Povišene glukoze u krvi natašte

Muškarci, 2014

Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Žene, 2014

Reference:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Prevalencija dijabetesa

Odrasle osobe, 2021

Dob:20-79
Pokriveno područje:Nacionalno
Reference:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation.  IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, %

Odrasle osobe, 2019

Dob:20-79
Reference:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Odrasle osobe, 2017

Reference:Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definicije (dostupno samo na engleskom jeziku):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Economic impact of overweight and obesity

Country comparisons

You can choose to compare this country’s data with the data for up to four other countries.

Policies, Interventions and Actions

National Strategy for prevention and control of non communicable diseases 2015-2020

Year(s):2015-2020
Target age group:Odrasli i djeca
Organisation:Ministry of Health Tonga, Tonga Health
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Tonga Health Promotion Foundation (TongaHealth). Hala Fononga Path to Good Health Ki Ha Tonga Mo'ui Lelei: National strategy for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases 2015–2020. (Kingdom of Tonga, Australian Aid, World Health Organization Western Pacific Region, Tonga Health eds.).Tonga: National Non-Communicable Diseases Committee; 2016.

Public health evidence related to obesity in Tonga - a literature review

Categories:Health Effectiveness Reviews (obesity related)
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Odrasli i djeca
Organisation:Ministy of Health Tonga & Tonga Health
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Michelle Kermode, Gregory Armstrong, Sara Gloede, Seini Filai, Reynold Ofanoa, Sione Hufunga, Ofa Tukia. Public health evidence related to obesity in Tonga- Literature Review. Ministry of Health 2015

Tonga National Healthy Eating Advisory Committee

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Odrasli i djeca
Find out more:www.tongahealth.org
References:https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/mechanisms/1562

Tax on sugary drinks

Soft drinks containing sugar or sweeteners are taxed at T$0.5 per litre, this increased to T$1.5 by 2017.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2013 (ongoing)
Target age group:Odrasli i djeca
Organisation:Government of Tonga
Find out more:ago.gov.to
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of the World Cancer Research Fund International (WCRF) NOURISHING Framework. http://www.wcrf.org/int/policy/nourishing-framework

GNPR 2016-17 (q7) Breastfeeeding promotion and/or counselling

WHO Global Nutrition Policy Review 2016-2017 reported the evidence of breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling (q7)

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Target age group:Odrasle osobe
Organisation:Ministry of Health (information provided by the GINA progam)
Find out more:extranet.who.int
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en

Obesity, Healthy Eating and Physical Activity trends in Tonga and the implications for the prevention and control of NCDs

The report recommends priority groups and behaviours to maximise the health impact of new NCD Strategy

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Evidence of NCD strategy
Categories (partial):Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Target age group:Odrasli i djeca
Organisation:Ministy of Health Tonga & Tonga Health
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Obesity, healthy eating and physical activity health trends in Tonga and the implications for the prevention and control of NCDs. Dr Toakase Fakakovikaetau, Saia Faletau, Seini Filiai, Sara Gloede,Sione Hufanga, Dr Veisinia Matoto, Elisiva Naati, Dr Reynold 'Ofanoa, Dr Taniela Palu, Dr 'Ofa Tukia. Published by Ministry of Health Tonga & Tonga Health

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

Contextual factors

Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.

Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.

Labelling

Is there mandatory nutrition labelling?Absent
Front-of-package labelling?Absent
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration?Absent
Color coding?Absent
Warning label?Absent

Regulation and marketing

Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products?Present
Tax on unhealthy foods?Absent
Tax on unhealthy drinks?Present
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products?Absent
Subsidy on fruits?Absent
Subsidy on vegetables?Absent
Subsidy on other healthy products?Absent
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)?Absent
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? Absent
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? Absent
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media?Absent
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media?Absent
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools?Absent
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products?Absent
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement?Absent

Political will and support

National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy?Absent
National obesity strategy?Absent
National childhood obesity strategy?Absent
Comprehensive nutrition strategy?Absent
Comprehensive physical activity strategy?Absent
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs?Absent
National target(s) on reducing obesity?Absent
Guidelines/policy on obesity treatment?Absent
Promotion of breastfeeding?Present

Monitoring and surveillance

Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors?Present
Within 5 years?Present

Governance and resource

Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)?Present

Key

Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown

Last updated September 13, 2022

See more policies here

Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions

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