• ??????????
  • ??????????? ??? ???????????
  • ???????? ?????????
  • Παρ?γοντες
  • ??????????????
  • ??????????? ??????????
  • Πολιτικ?ς
  • Contextual factors
??????? ?????????, ??????????

Contextual factors

??????????? ??? ???????????

????????, 2017

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:18+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

????????, 2001

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????:20-65
??????? ?????????:838
??????????:Stikova E, Kolevska L. Presented at a WHO Workshop in October 2001. Data published in Development of Food and Nutrition Actions Plans in South East Europe. Report on a Second Workshop Sofia, 8-11 October 2001. Eur/01/5026015
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

??????, 2021-2022

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:13
??????????:Rakic JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Σημει?σεις:HBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

??????, 2018-2020

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????:7
??????? ?????????:2082
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Report on the fifth round of data collection, 2018–2020: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Cutoffs:WHO 2007

??????, 2012

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????:13-14
??????? ?????????:1835
?????????? ??????:????????????
??????????:Zivkovic V, Todorovska L, Velickovska LA et al. Relationships between overweight, obesity and physical fitness of thirteen and fourteen year old Macedonian adolescent. SportLogia 2014:10 (2);106-115
Σημει?σεις:Central & Eastern Macedonia Only
Cutoffs:IOTF

??????, 2009-2013

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????:6-7
??????? ?????????:4919
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Spinelli et al (2019). 'Childhood Severe Obesity in Europe', Obes Facts.12, pp. 244–258. (Data from COSI round 1-3)
Σημει?σεις:NOTE - this data is from COSI round II and III (2009 - 2013) IOTF cut-offs used.
Cutoffs:IOTF

??????, 2007

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:13-15
??????? ?????????:2114
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Global School-based Student Health Survey, Fact Sheet available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/GSHS_FS_Macedonia_2007.pdf?ua=1 (last accessed 25.11.20)
Cutoffs:WHO

0-5 years, 2018-2019

??????:0-5
??????? ?????????:1255
??????????:MICS: 2018-2019 North Macedonia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Survey Findings Report. Skopje, North Macedonia: State Statistical Office and UNICEF.
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2011

??????:0-5
??????? ?????????:1299
??????????:MICS: Multiple indicator cluster survey 2011 (MICS). Skopje, North Macedonia: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and Science, Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, 2012.
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2005

??????:0-5
??????? ?????????:4182
??????????:MICS: Republic of North Macedonia - multiple indicator cluster survey 2005-06. Final report. Skopje: State Statistical Office of the Republic of North Macedonia, 2007
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1999

??????:0-5
??????????:MICS: Multiple indicator cluster survey in North Macedonia with micronutrient component (MICS). National Institute of Nutrition, Rome, Italy, 2000
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

?????????? ?????/?????????? ??? ?????? ??? ????????? ???????

??????, 2017

????? ???????:????????????????
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:2017 - Education EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

????????, 2017

????? ???????:????????????????
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:2017 - Education EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

?????????? ?????/?????????? ??? ????????? ???????

0-5 years, 2018-2019

??????? ?????????:1255
??????????:MICS: 2018-2019 North Macedonia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Survey Findings Report. Skopje, North Macedonia: State Statistical Office and UNICEF.
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2011

??????? ?????????:1299
??????????:MICS: Multiple indicator cluster survey 2011 (MICS). Skopje, North Macedonia: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and Science, Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, 2012.
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2005

??????? ?????????:4182
??????????:MICS: Republic of North Macedonia - multiple indicator cluster survey 2005-06. Final report. Skopje: State Statistical Office of the Republic of North Macedonia, 2007
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

?????????? ?????/?????????? ??? ??????

????????, 2017

????? ???????:????????????????
??????????:2017 - EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

??????, 2021-2022

????? ???????:????????????????
?????????? ??????:See Report
??????????:Rakić JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Σημει?σεις:HBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

?????????? ?????/?????????? ??? ??????????

0-5 years, 2018-2019

??????? ?????????:1255
??????????:MICS: 2018-2019 North Macedonia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Survey Findings Report. Skopje, North Macedonia: State Statistical Office and UNICEF.
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2011

??????? ?????????:1299
??????????:MICS: Multiple indicator cluster survey 2011 (MICS). Skopje, North Macedonia: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and Science, Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, 2012.
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2005

??????? ?????????:4182
??????????:MICS: Republic of North Macedonia - multiple indicator cluster survey 2005-06. Final report. Skopje: State Statistical Office of the Republic of North Macedonia, 2007
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1999

??????????:MICS: Multiple indicator cluster survey in North Macedonia with micronutrient component (MICS). National Institute of Nutrition, Rome, Italy, 2000
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

?????????? ?????/?????????? ??? ??????????????????? ?????

??????, 2021-2022

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:11-15
??????????:Raki? JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Σημει?σεις:Family affluence scaleHBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

????????, 2021-2022

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:11-15
??????????:Raki? JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Σημει?σεις:Family affluence scaleHBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

0-5 years, 2018-2019

??????? ?????????:1255
??????????:MICS: 2018-2019 North Macedonia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Survey Findings Report. Skopje, North Macedonia: State Statistical Office and UNICEF.
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2011

??????? ?????????:1299
??????????:MICS: Multiple indicator cluster survey 2011 (MICS). Skopje, North Macedonia: Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education and Science, Ministry of Labour and Social Policy, 2012.
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2005

??????? ?????????:4182
??????????:MICS: Republic of North Macedonia - multiple indicator cluster survey 2005-06. Final report. Skopje: State Statistical Office of the Republic of North Macedonia, 2007
Σημει?σεις:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Ορισμο?:=>+2SD

????????? ???????? ??????

????????, 2022

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:18+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Ορισμο?:Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

??????, 2022

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:18+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Ορισμο?:Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

????????, 2022

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:18+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Ορισμο?:Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

??????, 2016

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:11-17
??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Σημει?σεις:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Ορισμο?:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

??????, 2016

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:11-17
??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Σημει?σεις:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Ορισμο?:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

????????, 2016

????? ???????:????????????????
??????:11-17
??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Σημει?σεις:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Ορισμο?:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

??????, 2010

??????:11-17
??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Σημει?σεις:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Ορισμο?:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

??????, 2010

??????:11-17
??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Σημει?σεις:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Ορισμο?:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

????????, 2010

??????:11-17
??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Σημει?σεις:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Ορισμο?:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Επιπολασμ?ς της καταν?λωσης ανθρακο?χων αναψυκτικ?ν τουλ?χιστον ημερησ?ως

??????, 2010-2014

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????????:World Health Organization. (2017). Adolescent obesity and related behaviours: Trends and inequalities in the who european region, 2002-2014: observations from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) WHO collaborative cross-national study (J. Inchley, D. Currie, J. Jewel, J. Breda, & V. Barnekow, Eds.). World Health Organization. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org
Σημει?σεις:15-year-old adolescents
Ορισμο?:Prevalence of at least daily carbonated soft drink consumption (% of at least daily carbonated soft drink consumption)

Estimated per capita fruit intake

????????, 2017

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????:25+
??????????:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Ορισμο?:Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day)

Επιπολασμ?ς της καταν?λωσης φρο?των λιγ?τερο συχν? απ? ημερησ?ως

??????, 2010-2014

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????????:Global School-based Student Health Surveys. Beal et al (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Ορισμο?:Prevalence of less-than-daily fruit consumption (% less-than-daily fruit consumption)

Επιπολασμ?ς της καταν?λωσης λαχανικ?ν λιγ?τερο συχν? απ? ημερησ?ως

??????, 2010-2014

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????:12-17
??????????:Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Ορισμο?:Prevalence of less-than-daily vegetable consumption (% less-than-daily vegetable consumption)

?????????? ???? ??????? ???????? ?????????????? ???????

????????, 2017

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????:25+
??????????:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Ορισμο?:Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)

Estimated per capita whole grains intake

????????, 2017

????? ???????:??? ???????
??????:25+
??????????:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Ορισμο?:Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day)

?????? ????? - ????????????? ??????????

????????, 2015

??????????:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Ορισμο?:% of population with depression disorders

?????? ????? - ???????? ??????????

????????, 2015

??????????:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Ορισμο?:% of population with anxiety disorders

% ?????? ??????? 0-5 ????? ??? ????????? ???????????? ???? ??? ???????? ????????

0-5 years, 1996-2021

??????????:2018-2019 North Macedonia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey, Survey Findings Report. Skopje, North Macedonia: State Statistical Office and UNICEF.
Σημει?σεις:Full details are available. Original citation United Nations Children’s Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2023). Global UNICEF Global Databases: Infant and Young Child Feeding: Exclusive breastfeeding, New York, October 2023.

???????? ??? ?????????

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Indicence per 100,000

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Indicence per 100,000

??????, 2020-2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

????????, 2020-2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

???????? ??? ??????

????????, 2022

?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

??????????? ????????

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

??????, 2020-2022

?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

????????, 2020-2022

?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

???????? ??? ??????????

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

??????, 2020-2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

????????, 2020-2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

???????? ??? ????????? ??????

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Indicence per 100,000

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Indicence per 100,000

??????, 2020-2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

????????, 2020-2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Καρκ?νος του νεφρο?

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

??????, 2020-2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

????????, 2020-2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

???????? ??? ??????

????????, 2022

??????:20+
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

????????, 2020-2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2267
Ορισμο?:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

???????? ????????? ?????

????????, 2015

??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Ορισμο?:Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

??????, 2015

??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Ορισμο?:Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

????????, 2015

??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Ορισμο?:Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Αυξημ?νη χοληστερ?λη

????????, 2008

??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Ορισμο?:% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

??????, 2008

??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Ορισμο?:% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

????????, 2008

??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Ορισμο?:% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Αυξημ?νη γλυκ?ζη α?ματος νηστε?ας

??????, 2014

??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Ορισμο?:Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

????????, 2014

??????????:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Ορισμο?:Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

??????????? ??? ???????

????????, 2021

??????:20-79
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation.  IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Ορισμο?:Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, %

????????, 2019

??????:20-79
??????????:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Ορισμο?:Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

????????, 2017

??????????:Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Ορισμο?:Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Ovarian Cancer

????????, 2022

??????:20+
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

Leukemia

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

Leukemia

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

Liver and intrahepatic bile duct Cancer

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

Multiple Myeloma

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Indicence per 100,000
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Indicence per 100,000
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000
????? ??? ????????????? ???????????, ?? ?????????? ????? ?????????? ?? ??? ?????? 25 ????? ??? 29,9 ?????/m², ? ?????????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????????? ??? 30 ????/m².

Thyroid Cancer

??????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

????????, 2022

??????:20+
?????????? ??????:Εθνικ?
??????????:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Ορισμο?:Incidence per 100,000

Economic impact of overweight and obesity

Country comparisons

You can choose to compare this country’s data with the data for up to four other countries.

Policies, Interventions and Actions

Commercial Determinants of Noncommunicable Diseases in the WHO European Region

This report highlights the substantial impact of commercial determinants on noncommunicable diseases (‎NCDs)‎ in the WHO European Region. Nearly 7500 deaths per day in the Region are attributed to commercial determinants, such as tobacco, alcohol,processed food, fossil fuels and occupational practices. These commercial products and practices contribute to 25% of all deaths in the Region. The report’s chapters systematically explore various facets of how commercial interests exacerbate NCDs and key strategies used by commercial actors to negatively influence NCD-related policies at the national and international level. The reportalso provides selected case studies from the Region to illustrate key strategies and outcomes of industry influence on health policies.The report then calls for urgent and coordinated action to address the commercial determinants of NCDs. It advocates for building coalitions based on the values of equity, sustainability, and resilience. Public health actors are urged to develop competencies in economic and legal frameworks, enforce transparency, and manage conflicts of interest effectively. The report underscores the need for robust financial reforms and strict regulation to curb industry power and protect public health. By implementing these strategies, the Region can accelerate progress towards global NCD targets and Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2024 (ongoing)
Target age group:???????? ??? ??????
Organisation:World Health Organisation (WHO)
Linked document:Download linked document
References:World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (‎2024)‎. Commercial Determinants of Noncommunicable Diseases in the WHO European Region. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/376957. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO

Mandatory limit on trans fatty acids

Mandatory national limit of iTFA <2 g/100 g total oils and fats in all foods.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2023 (ongoing)
Target age group:???????? ??? ??????
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Find out more:www.slvesnik.com.mk

Subsidised Student Meals

February, 2020, a Law on Subsidized Student Meal was adopted by the Macedonian Assembly. The purpose of the Law is to improve the student standard and quality of student services through state subvention of 120 MKD (2 EUR per day) for healthy meal or 2,400 MKD (approximately 40 EUR) monthly for all full-time students studying at public and private universities

Year(s):2020 (ongoing)
Organisation:The Government of the Republic of Macedonia
Linked document:Download linked document

European practical and patient-centred guidelines for adult obesity management in primary care

This article aims to provide obesity management guidelines specifically tailored to GPs, favouring a practical patient-centred approach. The focus is on GP communication and motivational interviewing as well as on therapeutic patient education. The new guidelines highlight the importance of avoiding stigmatization, something frequently seen in different health care settings. In addition, managing the psychological aspects of the disease, such as improving self-esteem, body image and quality of life must not be neglected.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Dominique Durrer Schutz, Luca Busetto, Dror Dicker, Nathalie Farpour-Lambert, Rachel Pryke, Hermann Toplak, Daniel Widmer, Volkan Yumuk, Yves Schutz; European Practical and Patient-Centred Guidelines for Adult Obesity Management in Primary Care. Obes Facts 15 March 2019; 12 (1): 40–66. https://doi.org/10.1159/000496183

Better nutrition for children in kindergartens and schools for quality early child growth and development

Press release presenting Ministry of Health legistlative changes to protect children and provide heathier foods in kindergarten

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:??????
Linked document:Download linked document

Food-based dietary guidelines - The Republic of North Macedonia

The Macedonian dietary guidelines are developed by the Institute of Public Health. They are endorsed by the Ministry of Health. (Available only in Macedonian language)

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:???????? ??? ??????
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Linked document:Download linked document
References:https://www.fao.org/nutrition/education/food-dietary-guidelines/regions/countries/the-former-yugoslav-republic-of-macedonia/en/ (last accessed 21.07.22)

Health is a Choice! Healthy Food and Healthy Lifestyle for a Long Life!

This is a government campaign to raise awareness about the importance of eating healthy food, leading a healthy lifestyle and exercising. The campaign includes TV and radio commercials, media advertisements and billboards.

Categories (partial):Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2014-2015
Target age group:???????? ??? ??????
Organisation:Government of the Republic of Macedonia
Find out more:vlada.mk

National mandatory standards for food available in school

National mandatory standards for food available in schools adopted by the Minister of Labor and Social Policy from January 2014. (Available only in Macedonian language)

Categories:Evidence of School Food Regulations
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:??????
Organisation:Minister of Labor and Social Policy
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/25718 (last accessed 20.07.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

Committee on environment and health

National Multisectoral stakeholder mechanism in place (such as Coalition, Taskforce, Committee) for Obesity or Nutrition (including obesity)

Categories:Evidence of a multi-sectoral national coordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)
Year(s):2013 (ongoing)
Target age group:???????? ??? ??????
Organisation:Prime Minister
Linked document:Download linked document

The Macedonian National Nutrition Action Plan (2009-2014)

The Macedonian National Nutrition Action Plan (2009-2014) includes education in pre-school and school programmes, with guides and training provided for staff

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2009-2014
Target age group:???????? ??? ??????
Organisation:The Government of the Republic of Macedonia
References:Currently a web link to this intervention is unavailable. If you are aware of the location of this document/intervention, please contact us at obesity@worldobesity.org

National regulation with maximum thresholds for manufactured food/drink content

National regulation with maximum thresholds for manufactured food/drink content relating to specific unhealthy ingredients adopted by the Government of Macedonia from September 1999. (Available only in Macedonian language)

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):1999 (ongoing)
Target age group:???????? ??? ??????
Organisation:Government of Macedonia
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/25883 (last accessed 20.07.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

GNPR 2016-17 (q7) Breastfeeeding promotion and/or counselling

WHO Global Nutrition Policy Review 2016-2017 reported the evidence of breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling (q7)

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Target age group:????????
Organisation:Ministry of Health (information provided by the GINA progam)
Find out more:extranet.who.int
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

Contextual factors

Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.

Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.

Labelling

Is there mandatory nutrition labelling?Present
Front-of-package labelling?Absent
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration?Present
Color coding?Absent
Warning label?Absent

Regulation and marketing

Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products?Absent
Tax on unhealthy foods?Absent
Tax on unhealthy drinks?Absent
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products?Absent
Subsidy on fruits?Absent
Subsidy on vegetables?Absent
Subsidy on other healthy products?Absent
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)?Present
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? Present
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? Absent
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media?Absent
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media?Absent
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools?Present
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products?Present
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement?Absent

Political will and support

National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy?Absent
National obesity strategy?Absent
National childhood obesity strategy?Absent
Comprehensive nutrition strategy?Absent
Comprehensive physical activity strategy?Absent
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs?Present
National target(s) on reducing obesity?Absent
Guidelines/policy on obesity treatment?Absent
Promotion of breastfeeding?Present

Monitoring and surveillance

Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors?Present
Within 5 years?Present

Governance and resource

Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)?Present

Key

Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown

Last updated June 28, 2024

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