• Deskrizzjoni Ġenerali
  • Prevalenza tal-obeżità
  • Xejriet maż-żmien
  • Tqassim tal-popolazzjoni
  • Kawżi
  • Komorbiditajiet
  • Impatt ekonomiku
  • Politiki
  • Contextual factors
Id-dejta qed tillowdja - jekk jogħġbok stenna ...

Contextual factors

Prevalenza tal-obeżità

Adulti, 2018-2019

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:155413
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Chinese Cut Offs applied
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18-59
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:6602
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Huang, Q., Wang, L., Jiang, H., Wang, H., Zhang, B., Zhang, J., Jia, X. and Wang, Z., 2020. Intra-Individual Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adults in China: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2015. Nutrients, 12(9), p.2811.
Noti:3699 men and 2903 women
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2015-2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:72824
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li, Y., Teng, D., Shi, X., Teng, X., Teng, W., Shan, Z., Lai, Y. and China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group, 2021. Changes in the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and demographic risk factor profiles in China over 10 years: two national cross-sectional surveys. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 15, p.100227.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):WHO Asian cutoffs shown for BMI greater than or equal to 25kg/m² to allow comparison with non-Asian cutoffs.
Cutoffs:WHO Asia
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2015-2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:72824
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li, Y., Teng, D., Shi, X., Teng, X., Teng, W., Shan, Z., Lai, Y. and China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group, 2021. Changes in the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and demographic risk factor profiles in China over 10 years: two national cross-sectional surveys. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 15, p.100227.
Cutoffs:WHO Asia
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2012

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:212658
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Sample size extracted from different source, may include particpants with incomplete data
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2009

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:8315
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Yan, S., Li, J., Li, S., Zhang, B., Du, S., Gordon-Larsen, P., Adair, L. and Popkin, B. (2012), The expanding burden of cardiometabolic risk in China: the China Health and Nutrition Survey. Obesity Reviews. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01016.x
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2009

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2007-2008

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:45956
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li, Y., Teng, D., Shi, X., Teng, X., Teng, W., Shan, Z., Lai, Y. and China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group, 2021. Changes in the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and demographic risk factor profiles in China over 10 years: two national cross-sectional surveys. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 15, p.100227.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):WHO Asian cutoffs shown for BMI greater than or equal to 25kg/m² to allow comparison with non-Asian cutoffs.
Cutoffs:WHO Asia
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2007-2008

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:45956
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li, Y., Teng, D., Shi, X., Teng, X., Teng, W., Shan, Z., Lai, Y. and China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group, 2021. Changes in the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and demographic risk factor profiles in China over 10 years: two national cross-sectional surveys. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 15, p.100227.
Cutoffs:WHO Asia
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2006

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2004

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2002

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:221044
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Report of the 2002 China National Nutrition and Health Survey. 2004. (In Chinese). Chinese Ministry of Public Health (CMPH).
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2002

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:247464
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Sample size extracted from different source, may include particpants with incomplete data
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2000

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 1997

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 1993

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 1991-1995

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:35-59
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:9213
Referenzi:Zhou BF, Wu Yangfeng, Yang Jun, Li Ying, Zhang H, Zhao L. Overweight is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease in Chinese populations. Obesity Reviews 2002;3:147-156
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 1989

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20-45
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:2487
Referenzi:Bell AC, Ge K, Popkin BM. Weight gain and its predictors in Chinese adults. International Journal of Obesity 2;25:1079-1086001
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Tfal, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:1617
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Zhang J, Wang H, Wang Z, Du W, Su C, Zhang J, Jiang H, Jia X, Huang F, Ouyang Y, Wang Y, Zhang B.Prevalence and stabilizing trends in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in China, 2011-2015. BMC Public Health. 2018 May 2;18(1):571. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5483-9.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):IOTF International Cut off. WHO & WGOC also available in paper.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Tfal, 2014

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:29418
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Yunping Zhou, Qian Zhang, Tao Wang, Yanqing Zhang & Bo Xu. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents from 2015. Annals of Human Biology 2017;44:642-643 https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/03014460.2017.1371224
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):85th/95th Centiles Based on Chinese Reference Data see original article for details
Cutoffs:Other

Tfal, 2014-2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-14
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:325,083
Erja Koperta:Reġjonali
Referenzi:Zhang et al. 2018. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school-aged children in Jiangsu Province, China, 2014-2017.PLoS One. 2018; 13(8): e0202681.
Noti:Subnational (Jiangsu Province)
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC) BMI definition used
Cutoffs:Other

Tfal, 2011

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-18
Referenzi:Zhang, J., Wang, H., Wang, Z. et al. Prevalence and stabilizing trends in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in China, 2011-2015. BMC Public Health 18, 571 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-018-5483-9
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight and obesity defined using WGOC Criteria
Cutoffs:Other

Tfal, 2010

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:215,203
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Sun H, Ma Y, Han D, Pan C-W, Xu Y. Prevalence and Trends in Obesity among China’s Children and Adolescents, 1985–2010. Gonzalez-Bulnes A, ed. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(8):e105469. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105469.
Noti:Sample size for all children for all ages 7-18 A subject was considered to have obesity or overweight if weight-for-height exceeded the 20% or 10% of standard weight-for-height. The standard weight-for-height was the 80th percentile for sex- and age-specific growth charts.
Cutoffs:Other

Tfal, 2009

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-12
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:1368
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Liang YJ, Xi B, Song AQ, Liu JX, Mi J. Trends in general and abdominal obesity. Pediatric Obesity 2012 Vol 7 (5):355-64
Cutoffs:IOTF

Tfal, 2002

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-17
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:44880
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Yanping L, Evert GS, Xiaoqi H, Zhaohui C, Dechun L and Guansheng M. 2008. Obesity prevalence and time trend among youngsters in china, 1982 - 2002. Asia Pac Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 17(1):131 - 137.
Noti:IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Tfal, 1999-2000

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:11
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Bellizzi MC, Horgan GW, Guillaume M, Dietz WH. Prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in Asian and European countries. In: Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence. Editors: Chunming Chen, William H. Dietz. Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series Pediatric Program. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002
Noti:IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Tfal, 1992

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-17
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:15501
Referenzi:Li Y,, Schouten EG, Hu X et al. Obesity prevalence and time trend among youngsters in China, 1982-2002. Published in Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Our version from Book - Li Y. Childhood Obesity in China: prevalence, determinants and health. Chapter 2
Noti:IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Tfal, 1982

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-17
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:10127
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li Y,, Schouten EG, Hu X et al. Obesity prevalence and time trend among youngsters in China, 1982-2002. Published in Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition. Our version from Book - Li Y. Childhood Obesity in China: prevalence, determinants and health.
Noti:IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3.
Cutoffs:IOTF

0-5 years, 2016-2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:0-5
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Other: China Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Women 2016–2017
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2013

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:28839
Referenzi:Other: China National Nutrition and Health Survey, 2013
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2010

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:15399
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (2010) - National (38 nutrition surveillance sites from 25 provinces). Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2009

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:10635
Referenzi:Other: Nutrition and rapid economic development - 2010 research report on nutrition policy in China. Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2008

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:10726
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (2008) - National (26 nutrition surveillance sites from rural areas). Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2005

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:15987
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (2005) - National (40 nutrition surveillance sites from 26 provinces). Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2002

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:16564
Referenzi:Other: China National Nutrition and Health Survey, 2002
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2000

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:16460
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (2000) - National (40 nutrition surveillance sites from 26 provinces). Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1998

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:13838
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (1998) - National (40 nutrition surveillance sites from 26 provinces). Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1995

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:2832
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (1995) - National surveillance system in 7 provinces. Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1992

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:5535
Referenzi:NNS: The dietary and nutritional status of Chinese population: 1992 national nutrition survey. Beijing: Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, 1995
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1990

Età:0-5
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:4332
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (1990) - National surveillance system in 7 provinces. Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

Piż żejjed/obeżità skont l-edukazzjoni

Adulti, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18-59
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:6602
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Huang, Q., Wang, L., Jiang, H., Wang, H., Zhang, B., Zhang, J., Jia, X. and Wang, Z., 2020. Intra-Individual Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adults in China: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2015. Nutrients, 12(9), p.2811.
Noti:3699 men and 2903 women
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Tfal, 2014

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:5-12
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:9917
Erja Koperta:Regional - Guangzhou (urban setting)
Referenzi:Liu W, Liu W, Lin R, et al. Socioeconomic determinants of childhood obesity among primary school children in Guangzhou, China. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:482. doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3171-1.
Noti:BMI standard deviation scores (BMI z-score) were derived using the age (calculated by subtracting the date of birth from the date of examination) and sex specific WHO growth reference for school-aged children, which were further classified as non-overweight (≤1SD), overweight (>1SD) and obese (>2SD). Overweight and obesity prevalence by Father's education. Education was categorised into low (primary and junior high school level), medium (senior high and vocational school level) or high (university level or higher).
Cutoffs:WHO

Tfal, 2014

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:5-12
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:9917
Erja Koperta:Regional - Guangzhou (urban setting)
Referenzi:Liu W, Liu W, Lin R, et al. Socioeconomic determinants of childhood obesity among primary school children in Guangzhou, China. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:482. doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3171-1.
Noti:BMI standard deviation scores (BMI z-score) were derived using the age (calculated by subtracting the date of birth from the date of examination) and sex specific WHO growth reference for school-aged children, which were further classified as non-overweight (≤1SD), overweight (>1SD) and obese (>2SD). Overweight and obesity prevalence by Father's education. Education was categorised into low (primary and junior high school level), medium (senior high and vocational school level) or high (university level or higher).
Cutoffs:WHO

Piż żejjed/obeżità skont l-età

Adulti, 2018-2019

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:155413
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Chinese Cut Off applied
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:6602
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Huang, Q., Wang, L., Jiang, H., Wang, H., Zhang, B., Zhang, J., Jia, X. and Wang, Z., 2020. Intra-Individual Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adults in China: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2015. Nutrients, 12(9), p.2811.
Noti:3699 men and 2903 women
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2015-2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:72824
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li, Y., Teng, D., Shi, X., Teng, X., Teng, W., Shan, Z., Lai, Y. and China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group, 2021. Changes in the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and demographic risk factor profiles in China over 10 years: two national cross-sectional surveys. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 15, p.100227.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):WHO Asian cutoffs shown for BMI greater than or equal to 25kg/m² to allow comparison with non-Asian cutoffs.
Cutoffs:WHO Asia
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2010-2012

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:212658
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Sample size taken from a different source, the number with complete measurements may be lower
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2007-2008

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:45956
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li, Y., Teng, D., Shi, X., Teng, X., Teng, W., Shan, Z., Lai, Y. and China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group, 2021. Changes in the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and demographic risk factor profiles in China over 10 years: two national cross-sectional surveys. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 15, p.100227.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):WHO Asian cutoffs shown for BMI greater than or equal to 25kg/m² to allow comparison with non-Asian cutoffs.
Cutoffs:WHO Asia
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2002

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:247464
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Sample size was taken from a different source, number of participants with complete measurements may be smaller
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Tfal, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:1617
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Zhang J, Wang H, Wang Z, Du W, Su C, Zhang J, Jiang H, Jia X, Huang F, Ouyang Y, Wang Y, Zhang B.Prevalence and stabilizing trends in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in China, 2011-2015. BMC Public Health. 2018 May 2;18(1):571. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5483-9.
Noti:International Cut off used, WHO & WGOC also available
Cutoffs:IOTF

Tfal, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:29,418
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Zhou, Y. et al. (2017) 'Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents from 2015', Annals of Human Biology, 44 (7). http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2017.1371224
Noti:Subjects were defined as being overweight (BMI P85 and <P95) or obese (BMI P95) by referring to the Body Mass Index Reference Norm for Screening Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents.
Cutoffs:Other

Tfal, 2010

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:215203
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Sun H, Ma Y, Han D, Pan C-W, Xu Y. Prevalence and Trends in Obesity among China’s Children and Adolescents, 1985–2010. Gonzalez-Bulnes A, ed. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(8):e105469. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105469.
Noti:A subject was considered obese or overweight if weight-for-height exceeded the 20% or 10% of standard weight-for-height. The standard weight-for-height was the 80th percentile for sex- and age-specific growth charts.
Cutoffs:Other

Tfal, 2002

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:70508
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li Y, Schouten EG, Hu X, Cui Z, Luan D, Ma G. Obesity prevalence and time trend among youngsters in China, 1982-2002. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(1):131-137.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Tfal, 1992

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:70508
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li Y, Schouten EG, Hu X, Cui Z, Luan D, Ma G. Obesity prevalence and time trend among youngsters in China, 1982-2002. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(1):131-137.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Tfal, 1982

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:70508
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li Y, Schouten EG, Hu X, Cui Z, Luan D, Ma G. Obesity prevalence and time trend among youngsters in China, 1982-2002. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2008;17(1):131-137.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Piż żejjed/obeżità skont ir-reġjun

Irġiel, 2018-2019

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:155413
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2018-2019

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:155413
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2015-2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:72824
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li, Y., Teng, D., Shi, X., Teng, X., Teng, W., Shan, Z., Lai, Y. and China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group, 2021. Changes in the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and demographic risk factor profiles in China over 10 years: two national cross-sectional surveys. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 15, p.100227.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):WHO Asian cutoffs shown for BMI greater than or equal to 25kg/m² to allow comparison with non-Asian cutoffs.
Cutoffs:WHO Asia
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 2012

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:212658
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Sample size extracted from different source, may include particpants with incomplete data
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2012

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:212658
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Sample size extracted from different source, may include particpants with incomplete data
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 2009

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2009

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Adulti, 2007-2008

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:45956
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Li, Y., Teng, D., Shi, X., Teng, X., Teng, W., Shan, Z., Lai, Y. and China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Study Group, 2021. Changes in the prevalence of obesity and hypertension and demographic risk factor profiles in China over 10 years: two national cross-sectional surveys. The Lancet Regional Health-Western Pacific, 15, p.100227.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):WHO Asian cutoffs shown for BMI greater than or equal to 25kg/m² to allow comparison with non-Asian cutoffs.
Cutoffs:WHO Asia
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 2006

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2006

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 2004

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2004

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 2002

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:247464
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Sample size extracted from different source, may include particpants with incomplete data
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2002

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:247464
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Wen Peng, Shiqi Chen and Xinguang Chen et al. Trends in major non-communicable diseases and related risk factors in China 2002–2019: an analysis of nationally representative survey data. The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific. 2023. Vol. 43. DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100809
Noti:Sample size extracted from different source, may include particpants with incomplete data
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Overweight BMI ≥24-<28 Kg/m² Obesity BMI ≥ 28 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 2000

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2000

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 1997

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 1997

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 1993

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 1993

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Referenzi:Xi, B., Liang, Y., He, T., Reilly, K. H., Hu, Y., Wang, Q., Yan, Y. and Mi, J. (2012), Secular trends in the prevalence of general and abdominal obesity among Chinese adults, 1993–2009. Obesity Reviews, 13: 287–296. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00944.x
Noti:Obesity classified as BMI ≥ 30 Kg/m²
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Tfal, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:1617
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Zhang J, Wang H, Wang Z, Du W, Su C, Zhang J, Jiang H, Jia X, Huang F, Ouyang Y, Wang Y, Zhang B.Prevalence and stabilizing trends in overweight and obesity among children and adolescents in China, 2011-2015. BMC Public Health. 2018 May 2;18(1):571. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-5483-9.
Noti:International Cut off used, WHO & WGOC also available
Cutoffs:IOTF

Tfal, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:13-17
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:29,418
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Zhou, Y. et al. (2017) 'Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents from 2015', Annals of Human Biology, 44 (7). http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2017.1371224
Noti:Subjects were defined as being overweight (BMI P85 and <P95) or obese (BMI P95) by referring to the Body Mass Index Reference Norm for Screening Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents.
Cutoffs:Other

Tfal, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-12
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:29,418
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Zhou, Y. et al. (2017) 'Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents from 2015', Annals of Human Biology, 44 (7). http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03014460.2017.1371224
Noti:Subjects were defined as being overweight (BMI P85 and <P95) or obese (BMI P95) by referring to the Body Mass Index Reference Norm for Screening Overweight and Obesity in Chinese Children and Adolescents. 2015 Regional data also available for: Beijing, Shanghai, Nanjing, and Xi'an (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29212483 ;Zhao et al. 2017)
Cutoffs:Other

Subien, 2014

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:4847
Erja Koperta:Shandong Province (Rural)
Referenzi:Zhang YX, Wang ZX, Zhao JS, Chu ZH. Trends in overweight and obesity among rural children and adolescents from 1985 to 2014 in Shandong, China. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2016 Apr 26. pii: 204748731664383
Noti:Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Rural China. IOTF BMI Cut-off points used.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Bniet, 2014

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:4847
Erja Koperta:Shandong Province (Rural)
Referenzi:Zhang YX, Wang ZX, Zhao JS, Chu ZH. Trends in overweight and obesity among rural children and adolescents from 1985 to 2014 in Shandong, China. Eur J Prev Cardiol. 2016 Apr 26. pii: 204748731664383
Noti:Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Rural China. IOTF BMI Cut-off points used.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Subien, 2010

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:215203
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Sun H, Ma Y, Han D, Pan C-W, Xu Y. Prevalence and Trends in Obesity among China’s Children and Adolescents, 1985–2010. Gonzalez-Bulnes A, ed. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(8):e105469. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105469.
Noti:A subject was considered obese or overweight if weight-for-height exceeded the 20% or 10% of standard weight-for-height. The standard weight-for-height was the 80th percentile for sex- and age-specific growth charts.
Cutoffs:Other

Bniet, 2010

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:215203
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Sun H, Ma Y, Han D, Pan C-W, Xu Y. Prevalence and Trends in Obesity among China’s Children and Adolescents, 1985–2010. Gonzalez-Bulnes A, ed. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(8):e105469. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0105469.
Noti:A subject was considered obese or overweight if weight-for-height exceeded the 20% or 10% of standard weight-for-height. The standard weight-for-height was the 80th percentile for sex- and age-specific growth charts.
Cutoffs:Other

Tfal, 1993

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:Total sample size (6-18yrs old) = 3028
Erja Koperta:L-Istħarriġ dwar is-Saħħa u n-Nutrizzjoni taċ-Ċina (CHNS) kopra tmien provinċji li jvarjaw sostanzjalment fil-ġeografija, l-iżvilupp ekonomiku, ir-riżorsi pubbliċi u l-indikaturi tas-saħħa.
Referenzi:Youfa Wang.Cross-national comparison of childhood obesity: the epidemic and the relationship between obesity and socioeconomic status. Int. J. Epidemiol. (2001) 30 (5): 1129-1136. doi: 10.1093/ije/30.5.1129
Noti:The study used the US NCHS body mass index (BMI = wt/ht2) reference to define obesity (BMI ≥95th percentile) and overweight (85th≤BMI<95th percentile).
Cutoffs:Other

0-5 years, 2010

Id-daqs tal-kampjun:15399
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (2010) - National (38 nutrition surveillance sites from 25 provinces). Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2012
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2005

Id-daqs tal-kampjun:15987
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (2005) - National (40 nutrition surveillance sites from 26 provinces). Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2002

Id-daqs tal-kampjun:16564
Referenzi:Other: China National Nutrition and Health Survey, 2002
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2000

Id-daqs tal-kampjun:16460
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (2000) - National (40 nutrition surveillance sites from 26 provinces). Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1998

Id-daqs tal-kampjun:13838
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (1998) - National (40 nutrition surveillance sites from 26 provinces). Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1995

Id-daqs tal-kampjun:2832
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (1995) - National surveillance system in 7 provinces. Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1992

Id-daqs tal-kampjun:5535
Referenzi:NNS: The dietary and nutritional status of Chinese population: 1992 national nutrition survey. Beijing: Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, 1995
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1990

Id-daqs tal-kampjun:4332
Referenzi:Surveillance: Nutritional status of children aged 0-5 years old in China (1990) - National surveillance system in 7 provinces. Beijing, China: Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010.
Noti:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):=>+2SD

Piż żejjed/obeżità skont l-età u r-reġjun

Irġiel, 2005

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:30447
Erja Koperta:Reġjonali
Referenzi:Zhang YX, Wang SR. Distribution of body mass index and the prevalence changes of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Shandong, China from 1985 to 2005. Annals of Human Biology, Volume 35, Issue 5 September 2008 , pages 547 - 555
Cutoffs:Other
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2005

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:30447
Erja Koperta:Reġjonali
Referenzi:Zhang YX, Wang SR. Distribution of body mass index and the prevalence changes of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Shandong, China from 1985 to 2005. Annals of Human Biology, Volume 35, Issue 5 September 2008 , pages 547 - 555
Cutoffs:Other
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 1995

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:30447
Erja Koperta:Reġjonali
Referenzi:Zhang YX, Wang SR. Distribution of body mass index and the prevalence changes of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Shandong, China from 1985 to 2005. Annals of Human Biology, Volume 35, Issue 5 September 2008 , pages 547 - 555
Cutoffs:Other
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 1995

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:30447
Erja Koperta:Reġjonali
Referenzi:Zhang YX, Wang SR. Distribution of body mass index and the prevalence changes of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Shandong, China from 1985 to 2005. Annals of Human Biology, Volume 35, Issue 5 September 2008 , pages 547 - 555
Cutoffs:Other
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Irġiel, 1985

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:30447
Erja Koperta:Reġjonali
Referenzi:Zhang YX, Wang SR. Distribution of body mass index and the prevalence changes of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Shandong, China from 1985 to 2005. Annals of Human Biology, Volume 35, Issue 5 September 2008 , pages 547 - 555
Cutoffs:Other
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 1985

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:30447
Erja Koperta:Reġjonali
Referenzi:Zhang YX, Wang SR. Distribution of body mass index and the prevalence changes of overweight and obesity among adolescents in Shandong, China from 1985 to 2005. Annals of Human Biology, Volume 35, Issue 5 September 2008 , pages 547 - 555
Cutoffs:Other
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Piż żejjed/obeżità skont il-grupp soċjoekonomiku

Adulti, 2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18-59
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:6602
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Huang, Q., Wang, L., Jiang, H., Wang, H., Zhang, B., Zhang, J., Jia, X. and Wang, Z., 2020. Intra-Individual Double Burden of Malnutrition among Adults in China: Evidence from the China Health and Nutrition Survey 2015. Nutrients, 12(9), p.2811.
Noti:3699 men and 2903 women
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Tfal, 2014

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:5-12
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:9917
Erja Koperta:Regional - Guangzhou (urban setting)
Referenzi:Liu W, Liu W, Lin R, et al. Socioeconomic determinants of childhood obesity among primary school children in Guangzhou, China. BMC Public Health. 2016;16:482. doi:10.1186/s12889-016-3171-1.
Noti:BMI standard deviation scores (BMI z-score) were derived using the age (calculated by subtracting the date of birth from the date of examination) and sex specific WHO growth reference for school-aged children, which were further classified as non-overweight (≤1SD), overweight (>1SD) and obese (>2SD). Overweight and obesity prevalence by Father's education. Education was categorised into low (primary and junior high school level), medium (senior high and vocational school level) or high (university level or higher).
Cutoffs:WHO

Tfal, 2004

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-17
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:1566
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:CHNS 2004 data in: T Dearth-Wesley, H Wang and BM Popkin. Under- and overnutrition dynamics in Chinese children and adults (1991–2004)European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2008) 62, 1302–1307
Cutoffs:Other

Tfal, 1993

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:Total sample size (6-18yrs old) = 3028
Erja Koperta:L-Istħarriġ dwar is-Saħħa u n-Nutrizzjoni taċ-Ċina (CHNS) kopra tmien provinċji li jvarjaw sostanzjalment fil-ġeografija, l-iżvilupp ekonomiku, ir-riżorsi pubbliċi u l-indikaturi tas-saħħa.
Referenzi:Youfa Wang.Cross-national comparison of childhood obesity: the epidemic and the relationship between obesity and socioeconomic status. Int. J. Epidemiol. (2001) 30 (5): 1129-1136. doi: 10.1093/ije/30.5.1129
Noti:The study used the US NCHS body mass index (BMI = wt/ht2) reference to define obesity (BMI ≥95th percentile) and overweight (85th≤BMI<95th percentile).
Cutoffs:Other

Piż żejjed/obeżità skont l-etniċità

Ethnic groups are as defined by publication of origin and are not as defined by WOF. In some instances ethnicity is conflated with nationality and/or race.

Tfal, 2014

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-18
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:80,821
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Dong, Yanhui, et al. “Prevalence of Excess Body Weight and Underweight among 26 Chinese Ethnic Minority Children and Adolescents in 2014: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.” BMC Public Health, vol. 18, no. 1, 27 Apr. 2018, 10.1186/s12889-018-5352-6.
Noti:Data from Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health 2014
Cutoffs:Overweight and obesity was defined as ≥ the referent age-and sex- specific 85th centile according to the reference developed by Working Group on Obesity in China (WGOC)

Double burden of underweight & overweight

Adulti, 2022

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20+
Referenzi:NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Noti:Age Standardised estimates
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Combined prevalence of BMI<18.5 kg/m² and BMI>=30 kg/m² (double burden of underweight and obesity)

Tfal, 2022

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:5-19
Referenzi:NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Noti:Age standardised estimates
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Combined prevalence of BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD (double burden of thinness and obesity)
Cutoffs:BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD

0-5 years, 2013-2013

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:0-5
Referenzi:UNICEF data available at https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/malnutrition/(last accessed 12.03.25)
Noti:Children under 5 falling below -2 standard deviations from the median height for age and falling at or above +2 standard deviations from the median weight-for-height of the reference population

Attività fiżika insuffiċjenti

Adulti, 2022

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:18+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

Irġiel, 2022

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:18+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

Nisa, 2022

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:18+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

Adulti, 2016

Referenzi:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Irġiel, 2016

Referenzi:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Nisa, 2016

Referenzi:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Tfal, 2016

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:11-17
Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Noti:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Subien, 2016

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:11-17
Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Noti:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Bniet, 2016

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:11-17
Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Noti:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Tfal, 2010

Età:11-17
Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Noti:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Subien, 2010

Età:11-17
Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Noti:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Bniet, 2010

Età:11-17
Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Noti:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Estimated per capita fruit intake

Adulti, 2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:25+
Referenzi:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day)

Konsum stmat ta' laħam ipproċessat per capita

Adulti, 2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:25+
Referenzi:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)

Estimated per capita whole grains intake

Adulti, 2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:25+
Referenzi:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day)

Saħħa mentali - disturbi tad-depressjoni

Adulti, 2015

Referenzi:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% of population with depression disorders

Saħħa mentali - disturbi ta' ansjetà

Adulti, 2015

Referenzi:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% of population with anxiety disorders

% ta' trabi ta' bejn 0-5 xhur imreddgħa biss

0-5 years, 2007-2022

Referenzi:China Nutrition and Health Surveillance of Children and Lactating Women 2016–2017
Noti:Full details are available. Original citation United Nations Children’s Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2023). Global UNICEF Global Databases: Infant and Young Child Feeding: Exclusive breastfeeding, New York, October 2023.

Percent of population who cannot afford a healthy diet

Adulti, 2022

Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:The Food Systems Dashboard. The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), The Columbia Climate School, and Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. 2024. Geneva, Switzerland. https://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36072/db.

Kanċer tal-esofagu

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Indicence per 100,000

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Indicence per 100,000

Irġiel, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Nisa, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Kanċer tas-sider

Nisa, 2022

Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Kanċer kolorettali

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Irġiel, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Nisa, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Kanċer tal-frixa

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Irġiel, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Nisa, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Kanċer tal-marrara

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Indicence per 100,000

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Indicence per 100,000

Irġiel, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Nisa, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Kanċer tal-kliewi

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Irġiel, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Nisa, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Kanċer tal-utru

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Nisa, 2020-2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2089
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Pressjoni għolja tad-demm

Adulti, 2015

Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Irġiel, 2015

Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Nisa, 2015

Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Kolesterol għoli

Adulti, 2008

Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Irġiel, 2008

Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Nisa, 2008

Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Zokkor fid-demm għoli waqt is-sawm

Irġiel, 2014

Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Nisa, 2014

Referenzi:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Prevalenza tad-dijabete

Adulti, 2024

Referenzi:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 11th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2025. http://www.diabetesatlas.org

Adulti, 2021

Età:20-79
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation.  IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, %

Adulti, 2019

Età:20-79
Referenzi:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Adulti, 2017

Referenzi:Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Ovarian Cancer

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Leukemia

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Leukemia

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Liver and intrahepatic bile duct Cancer

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Multiple Myeloma

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Indicence per 100,000
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Indicence per 100,000
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².

Thyroid Cancer

Irġiel, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Nisa, 2022

Età:20+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definizzjonijiet (disponibbli bl-Ingliż biss):Incidence per 100,000

Economic impact of overweight and obesity

Country comparisons

You can choose to compare this country’s data with the data for up to four other countries.

Policies, Interventions and Actions

2024 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Obesity,

The first set of multidisciplinary guidelines to standardise the diagnosis and treatment of obesity, The guidelines address the diagnosis standards, classification and staging of obesity. Its treatment section includes methods for behavioral, psychological and sports-based interventions, medical nutrition therapy, medication treatments, weight-loss and metabolic surgery, as well as approaches from traditional medicine.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2024 (ongoing)
Organisation:National Health Commission
Find out more:www.nhc.gov.cn
Linked document:Download linked document

Weight Management Years Campaign

In July 2024, 16 Chinese national agencies, including the National Health Commission and the Ministry of Civil Affairs, released the implementation plan for the "Weight Management Years Campaign" to promote population-level weight control measures for 3 years. The campaign is built around 8 slogans: "lifelong commitment, active monitoring, a balanced diet, physical activity, good sleep, reasonable targets and family action".

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2024 (ongoing)
Organisation:National Health Commission and others
Find out more:www.nhc.gov.cn

Guidelines for medical nutrition treatment of overweight/obesity in China (2021)

These guidelines provide a clinical reference for the standardized treatment and management of overweight / obesity. They cover the relationship of weight loss with different dietary patterns, meal replacement foods, biorhythms, intestinal microecology, metabolic surgery, and medical nutritional intervention, as well as weight loss in special populations.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2021 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
Find out more:pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Nutrition and Metabolic Management Branch of China International Exchange and Promotive Association for Medical and Health Care, Clinical Nutrition Branch of Chinese Nutrition Society, Chinese Diabetes Society, Chinese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Chinese Clinical Nutritionist Center of Chinese Medical Doctor Association. Guidelines for medical nutrition treatment of overweight/obesity in China (2021). Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2022;31(3):450-482. doi: 10.6133/apjcn.202209_31(3).0013. PMID: 36173217.

Voluntary front-of-pack labelling

China introduced the FOP nutrition labeling concept in the revised standard for nutrition labeling, GB28050-xxxx. It encourages the industry to provide supplemental nutrition information on the front panel of the package to facilitate consumer understanding. It also offers flexibility for companies to properly design FOP nutrition labeling to help guide the consumers to achieve a balanced diet and reduce the consumption of fat, sugar, and salt.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2020 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
References:https://myemail.constantcontact.com/China-Revamps-Food-Nutrition-Labeling-Regulations.html?soid=1116651795207&aid=P2KmSjqyazM

Voluntary front-of-pack labelling

China introduced the FOP nutrition labeling concept in the revised standard for nutrition labeling, GB28050-xxxx. It encourages the industry to provide supplemental nutrition information on the front panel of the package to facilitate consumer understanding. It also offers flexibility for companies to properly design FOP nutrition labeling to help guide the consumers to achieve a balanced diet and reduce the consumption of fat, sugar, and salt.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2020 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adulti u tfal

National nutrition plan 2017-2030

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2017-2030
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
Linked document:Download linked document
References:https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/24710 Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

Healthy China 2030

A national strategic plan aiming to promote healthy lifestyles, improve health services and the health industry, and build a sustainable health system to provide essential health services to every citizen by 2020 and reach the main health indicators of high income countries by 2030

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2016-2030
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
Organisation:Central Committee of the Communist Party and the State Council,
Find out more:www.who.int
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Tan X, Liu X, and Shao H. Healthy China 2030: A Vision for Health Care. VALUE IN HEALTH REGIONAL ISSUES 12C (2017) 112 – 114.

Action Plan to Reduce the Double Burden of Malnutrition in the Western Pacific Region (2015–2020)

The WHO action plan to reduce the double burden of malnutrition in the Western Pacific Region. It calls for accelerated efforts to improve nutrition. The plan includes targets to halt the increase in childhood overweight and adult and adolescent diabetes and obesity by 2025.

Categories:Evidence of Obesity Target
Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy or Action Plan
Year(s):2015-2020
Target age group:Tfal
Organisation:World Health Organisation
Find out more:www.who.int
Linked document:Download linked document
References:World Health Organization. 2015. Action plan to reduce the double burden of malnutrition in the Western Pacific Region (2015–2020).

China’s National Program for Food and Nutrition (2014-2020)

To improve and balance the nutrient intake from food and further to control obesity in China. The program focuses on effectively securing food supplies, optimizing the food structure and improving the nutritional status of all Chinese.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2014-2020
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
Organisation:Government of China
Find out more:www.gov.cn
Linked document:Download linked document
References:China’s National Program for Food and Nutrition (2014-2020) [Internet]. www.chinadaily.com.cn. [cited 2020 Jul 22]. Available from: http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/m/chinahealth/2014-05/16/content_17514060.htm

YOG- Obesity study; community based physical activity intervention

An RCT providing additional 1-year tailored multi-component physical activity program to children in 4th and 7th grade of school, including classroom curricula, school environment support, family involvement and fun programs/events. This aimed to prevent childhood obesity in Nanjing. The intervention was found to be feasible and effective in promoting physical activity and preventing obesity among the general student population in a large city in China

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:Tfal
Organisation:Wang et al.
Find out more:www.nature.com
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Wang et al. Childhood obesity prevention through a community-based cluster randomized controlled physical activity intervention among schools in china: the health legacy project of the 2nd world summer youth olympic Games (YOG-Obesity study). International Journal of Obesity (2018) 42, pp. 625–633.

China National Program for Child Development (2011-2020)

The aim of this policy is to develop Chinese children' growth in various aspects and to control childhood obesity and overweight.

Categories (partial):Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Year(s):2011-2020
Target age group:Tfal
Organisation:Government of China
Find out more:www.gov.cn
Linked document:Download linked document
References:China National Program for Child Development (2011-2020) - All China Women’s Federation [Internet]. www.womenofchina.cn. [cited 2020i Jul 22]. Available from: http://www.womenofchina.cn/womenofchina/html1/Sources/1502/997-1.htm

Sunshine Sports program

The policy of one hour of physical activity (PA) in schools every day aims to improve the intensity of physical activity and control childhood and adolescent obesity.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Tfal
Organisation:Department of Education
Find out more:en.olympic.cn
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Fuzhou promotes youth sports at campus - Official Website of the Chinese Olympic Committee [Internet]. en.olympic.cn. [cited 2020o Jul 22]. Available from: http://en.olympic.cn/photo/2015-10-22/2355162.html

The twelfth Five-Year Plan for National Economic and Social Development

To improve life expectancy, prevent obesity and related chronic disease and popularize health education. Healthy lifestyle initiatives began in 2012 and will cover more than 50 percent of Chinese communities by 2015 with the goal of reducing the prevalence of obesity to less than 12% in adults and less than 8% in children by 2015.

Categories (partial):Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2011-2015
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
Organisation:State council
Find out more:policy.asiapacificenergy.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:12th Five-Year Plan (2011-2015) for National Economic and Social Development | ESCAP Policy Documents Managment [Internet]. policy.asiapacificenergy.org. [cited 2020a Jul 22]. Available from: https://policy.asiapacificenergy.org/node/37

Chinese Adults Physical Activity Guidelines

Through improving the level of physical activity to control and prevent obesity and related chronic diseases in Chinese adults.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2010 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adulti
Organisation:People's Republic of China Ministry of Health, Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention
Find out more:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Muntner P, Gu D, Wildman RP, Chen J, Qan W, Whelton PK, et al. Prevalence of Physical Activity Among Chinese Adults: Results From the International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia. American Journal of Public Health [Internet]. 2005 Sep 1 [cited 2020 Jul 22];95(9):1631–1636. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1449408/

Guideline on Snacks for Chinese Children and Adolescents

Improve dietary issues amongst Chinese children and adolescents resulting in controlling childhood obesity and adolescent obesity

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2008 (ongoing)
Target age group:Tfal
Organisation:People's Republic of China Ministry of Health, Bureau of Disease Control and Prevention
Find out more:pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Yu D, Zhang B, Zhao L, Wang H. [Snacks consumption in Chinese children and adolescents at the ages of 3-17 years]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu = Journal of Hygiene Research [Internet]. 2008 Nov 1 [cited 2020 Jul 22];37(6):710–713. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19239008/

The Chinese dietary guidelines

To use the best available scientific evidence to provide information on the types and amounts of foods, food groups and dietary patterns that aim to: promote health and wellbeing; reduce the risk of diet-related conditions and reduce the risk of chronic disease.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2007 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
Organisation:Chinese Nutrition Society
Find out more:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Wang S, Lay S, Yu H, Shen S. Dietary Guidelines for Chinese Residents (2016): comments and comparisons. Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B. 2016 Sep;17(9):649–56. ‌

The guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults

Guidelines to prevent and control overweight and obesity in Chinese adults.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2004 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adulti
Organisation:Biomed Environ Sci /Chen C, Lu FC and Department of Disease Control Ministry of Health, PR China.
Find out more:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Chen C, Lu FC, Department of Disease Control Ministry of Health, PR China. The guidelines for prevention and control of overweight and obesity in Chinese adults. Biomedical and environmental sciences: BES [Internet]. 2004 [cited 2020 Jul 22];17 Suppl:1–36. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15807475/‌

National Plan of Action for Nutrition

Ensuring food supply and implementation of appropriate interventions to alleviate hunger and food shortage, reduce the incidence of energy-protein malnutrition, prevent, control and eliminate micronutrient deficiencies. Through proper guidance to food consumption behaviour, improvement of dietary patterns and promotion of healthy life style, this policy aims to improve the general nutrition status of the people and prevent nutrition-related chronic disease.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):1997 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
Organisation:The Ministry of Health
Find out more:extranet.who.int
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

GNPR 2016-17 (q7) Breastfeeeding promotion and/or counselling

WHO Global Nutrition Policy Review 2016-2017 reported the evidence of breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling (q7)

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Target age group:Adulti
Organisation:Ministry of Health (information provided by the GINA progam)
Find out more:extranet.who.int
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

Marketing of Breast-Milk Substitutes: National Implementation of the International Code Status Report 2016 (Promotion of Breastfeeding)

The 2016 report provides information on the status of implementing the International Code of Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes and subsequent relevant World Health Assembly resolutions (“the Code”) in and by countries. The report also identifies in which countries they actively promote the benefits of breastfeeding.

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Target age group:Adulti
Organisation:WHO UNICEF IBFAN
References:WHO. UNICEF. IBFAN. Marketing of Breast-milk Substitutes: National Implementation of the International Code. Status Report 2016. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016

National food and nutrition consulting committee

National Multisectoral stakeholder mechanism in place.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
Find out more:extranet.who.int

Nutrient content lists

In China, producers and retailers are required by law to provide a list of the nutrient content of pre-packaged food products (with limited exceptions), even in the absence of a nutrition or health claim. The rules define which nutrients must be listed and on what basis (eg per 100g/per serving).

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Target age group:Adulti u tfal
References:https://policydatabase.wcrf.org/level_one?page=nourishing-level-one#step2=0#step3=327

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

Contextual factors

Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.

Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.

Labelling

Is there mandatory nutrition labelling?Present
Front-of-package labelling?Present-(voluntary)
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration?Present
Color coding?Absent
Warning label?Absent

Regulation and marketing

Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products?Absent
Tax on unhealthy foods?Absent
Tax on unhealthy drinks?Absent
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products?Absent
Subsidy on fruits?Absent
Subsidy on vegetables?Absent
Subsidy on other healthy products?Absent
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)?Absent
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? Absent
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? Absent
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media?Absent
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media?Absent
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools?Absent
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products?Absent
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement?Absent

Political will and support

National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy?Present
National obesity strategy?Present
National childhood obesity strategy?Present
Comprehensive nutrition strategy?Present
Comprehensive physical activity strategy?Present
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs?Present
National target(s) on reducing obesity?Present
Promotion of breastfeeding?Present

Monitoring and surveillance

Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors?Present
Within 5 years?Present

Governance and resource

Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)?Present

Key

Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown

Last updated September 13, 2022

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Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions

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