Turkey
Upper-middle income
- Overview
- Obesity prevalence
- Trends over time
- Contextual factors
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National obesity risk *8/10This is a composite ‘obesity risk’ score (out of 10, the highest risk) based on obesity prevalence, rate of increase, likelihood of meeting the 2025 target, treatment indicator and childhood stunting levels.Childhood obesity risk *8/11This is a ‘risk score’ for each country’s likelihood of having or acquiring a major childhood obesity problem during the 2020s, taking account of current prevalence levels and risk for future obesity (based on stunting among infants, maternal obesity, maternal smoking, and breastfeeding rates).
Report cards
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Population breakdowns
Drivers
Comorbidities
Economic impact
Policies
Contextual factors
Obesity prevalence
Adults, 2025
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 18+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Eurostat 2025. Person distribution by body mass index, educational attainment level, sex and age. https://doi.org/10.2908/ILC_HCH10 [Accessed 20.04.26] |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2023
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 15+ |
| Sample size: | 6017 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2023 (STEPS). Editors: Mehmet Enes Gökler, Hamit Harun Bağcı, Kanuni Keklik, Toker Erguder, İlayda. Third Ministry of Health, Ankara, 2025. |
| Notes: | STEPS 2023 |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2022
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 15+ |
| Sample size: | 22742 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Türkiye Health Survey 2022 |
| Notes: | Survey includes some modules proposed by European Statistical Office (Eurostat). |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2019
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 18+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Eurostat 2019. Data available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Women, 2018-2019
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 15-49 |
| Sample size: | 6362 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. (2019). 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, T.R. Presidency of Turkey Directorate of Strategy and Budget and TÜBÄ°TAK, Ankara, Turkey http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/eng/tdhs2018/TDHS_2018_main_report.pdf (Last accessed 18.05.21) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2017
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 15+ |
| Sample size: | 6053 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2017 (STEPS). Üner S, Balcılar M, Ergüder T editors. World Health Organization Country Office in Turkey, Ankara, 2018. |
| Notes: | STEPS 2017 |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2016
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 15+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Turkish Health Survey 2019 Report. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turkey-Health-Survey-2019-33661 (Accessed 24.04.2023) |
| Notes: | The survey includes modules proposed by European Statistical Office (Eurostat). The 2019 report includes trend data for 2008-2019. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2014
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 18+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | 2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2012
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 15+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Turkish Health Survey 2019 Report. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turkey-Health-Survey-2019-33661 (Accessed 24.04.2023) |
| Notes: | The survey includes modules proposed by European Statistical Office (Eurostat). The 2019 report includes trend data for 2008-2019. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2011
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 15+ |
| Sample size: | 16830 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Survey in Turkey. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health 2013. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2008
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 15+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Turkish Health Survey 2019 Report. https://data.tuik.gov.tr/Bulten/Index?p=Turkey-Health-Survey-2019-33661 (Accessed 24.04.2023) |
| Notes: | The survey includes modules proposed by European Statistical Office (Eurostat). The 2019 report includes trend data for 2008-2019. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2001-2002
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 20+ |
| Sample size: | 5016 |
| Area covered: | 区域 |
| 参考文献: | Erem C, Arslan C, Hacihasanoglu A, Deger Orhan, Topbas M, Ukinc K, Esoz HO, & Telatar M. Prevalence of Obesity and Associated Risk Factors in a Turkish Population (Trabzon City, Turkey). Obesity Research 2004;12:1117-1127 |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 1999-2000
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 18+ |
| Sample size: | 8674 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Delibasi, T., Karaaslan, Y., Ustun, I. et al. National prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Turkey: cross sectional study of a representative adult population. cent.eur.j.med 2, 294–303 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11536-007-0024-4 |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Women, 1993
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 15-49 |
| Sample size: | 2401 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Martorell R, Khan LK, Hughes ML, Grummer Strawn LM. Obesity in women from developing countries. EJCN (2000) 54;247-252 |
| Notes: | The data from this paper was sourced from the Demographic Health Survey Programme https://dhsprogram.com/ Central Statistical Office and Macro International. Calverton, Maryland, USA: Central Statistical Office and Macro International |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Children, 2022-2024
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 7 |
| Sample size: | 10301 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI): report on the sixth round of data collection, 2022– 2024. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2025. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
| Cutoffs: | WHO 2007 |
Children, 2016-2017
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 7 |
| Sample size: | 9281 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI): report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2021. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
| Cutoffs: | WHO |
Children, 2012-2013
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 7-8 |
| Sample size: | 4951 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | Spinelli et al (2019). 'Childhood Severe Obesity in Europe', Obes Facts.12, pp. 244–258. (Data from COSI round 1-3) |
| Notes: | COSI III included IOTF cut-offs used. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Children, 2012-2013
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 7 |
| Sample size: | 2607 |
| Area covered: | National |
| 参考文献: | World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. 2018. WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative: overweight and obesity among 6-9-year-old children: report of the third round of data collection 2012-2013.World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/346108 |
| Cutoffs: | WHO 2007 |
Children, 2008
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 8-12 |
| Sample size: | 1746 |
| Area covered: | 区域 |
| 参考文献: | Agirbasli, M., Adabag, S. and Ciliv, G. (2011), Secular trends of blood pressure, body mass index, lipids and fasting glucose among children and adolescents in Turkey. Clinical Obesity, 1: 161–167. doi: 10.1111/j.1758-8111.2012.00033.x |
| Notes: | Urban IOTF International Cut Off Point NB. Combined child data estimated. These estimates were calculated by weighting male and female survey results. Weighting based on World Bank Population % total female (https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS - accessed 20.11.20) |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Children, 2001
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 12-17 |
| Sample size: | 989 |
| Area covered: | 区域 |
| 参考文献: | Öner N, Vatansever Ü, Sari A, Ekuklu G, Karaslihoglu S and Boris NW. (2004). Prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Turkish adolescents. Swiss Med Weekly, 134: 529 - 533. |
| Notes: | IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
0-5 years, 2018-2019
| Age: | 0-5 |
| Sample size: | 1935 |
| 参考文献: | DHS-Style: 2018 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey. Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, T.R. Presidency of Turkey Directorate of Strategy and Budget and TÜB?TAK, Ankara, Turkey. |
| Notes: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definitions: | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2013-2014
| Age: | 0-5 |
| Sample size: | 2534 |
| 参考文献: | DHS: 2013 Turkey Demographic and Health Survey Ankara, Turkey: Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, T.R. Ministry of Development and TÜBYTAK, 2014. |
| Notes: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definitions: | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2008
| Age: | 0-5 |
| Sample size: | 2485 |
| 参考文献: | DHS: Turkey Demographic and Health Survey 2008. Ankara, Turkey: Institute of Population Studies, Hacettepe University. |
| Notes: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definitions: | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2003-2004
| Age: | 0-5 |
| Sample size: | 3679 |
| 参考文献: | DHS: Demographic and health survey, 2003. Ankara, Turkey: Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies, MoH General Directorate of Mother and Child Health and Family Planning, State Planning Organization and the EU, 2004 |
| Notes: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definitions: | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 1998
| Age: | 0-5 |
| Sample size: | 2693 |
| 参考文献: | DHS: Turkish demographic and health survey 1998. Demographic and Health Surveys. Hacettepe University, Institute of Population Studies. Ankara, Turkey, 1999 |
| Notes: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definitions: | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 1993
| Age: | 0-5 |
| Sample size: | 3165 |
| 参考文献: | DHS: Turkey demographic and health survey, 1993. Demographic and Health Surveys. Ankara, Turkey, 1994 |
| Notes: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definitions: | =>+2SD |
% Adults living with obesity in Turkey 1999-2023
Men
| Survey type: | Measured |
| 参考文献: | 1999: Delibasi, T., Karaaslan, Y., Ustun, I. et al. National prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Turkey: cross sectional study of a representative adult population. cent.eur.j.med 2, 294–303 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11536-007-0024-4 2011: Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Survey in Turkey. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health 2013. 2017: National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2017 (STEPS). Üner S, Balcılar M, Ergüder T editors. World Health Organization Country Office in Turkey, Ankara, 2018. 2023: National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2023 (STEPS). Editors: Mehmet Enes Gökler, Hamit Harun Bağcı, Kanuni Keklik, Toker Erguder, İlayda. Third Ministry of Health, Ankara, 2025. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
| Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable. Please check with original data sources for methodologies used. | |
Women
| Survey type: | Measured |
| 参考文献: | 1999: Delibasi, T., Karaaslan, Y., Ustun, I. et al. National prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Turkey: cross sectional study of a representative adult population. cent.eur.j.med 2, 294–303 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11536-007-0024-4 2011: Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Survey in Turkey. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health 2013. 2017: National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2017 (STEPS). Üner S, Balcılar M, Ergüder T editors. World Health Organization Country Office in Turkey, Ankara, 2018. 2023: National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2023 (STEPS). Editors: Mehmet Enes Gökler, Hamit Harun Bağcı, Kanuni Keklik, Toker Erguder, İlayda. Third Ministry of Health, Ankara, 2025. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
| Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable. Please check with original data sources for methodologies used. | |
% Adults living with overweight or obesity in Turkey 1999-2023
Men
| Survey type: | Measured |
| 参考文献: | 1999: Delibasi, T., Karaaslan, Y., Ustun, I. et al. National prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Turkey: cross sectional study of a representative adult population. cent.eur.j.med 2, 294–303 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11536-007-0024-4 2011: Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Survey in Turkey. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health 2013. 2017: National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2017 (STEPS). Üner S, Balcılar M, Ergüder T editors. World Health Organization Country Office in Turkey, Ankara, 2018. 2023: National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2023 (STEPS). Editors: Mehmet Enes Gökler, Hamit Harun Bağcı, Kanuni Keklik, Toker Erguder, İlayda. Third Ministry of Health, Ankara, 2025. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
| Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable. Please check with original data sources for methodologies used. | |
Women
| Survey type: | Measured |
| 参考文献: | 1999: Delibasi, T., Karaaslan, Y., Ustun, I. et al. National prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity in Turkey: cross sectional study of a representative adult population. cent.eur.j.med 2, 294–303 (2007). https://doi.org/10.2478/s11536-007-0024-4 2011: Chronic Diseases and Risk Factors Survey in Turkey. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health 2013. 2017: National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2017 (STEPS). Üner S, Balcılar M, Ergüder T editors. World Health Organization Country Office in Turkey, Ankara, 2018. 2023: National Household Health Survey – Prevalence of Noncommunicable Disease Risk Factors in Turkey 2023 (STEPS). Editors: Mehmet Enes Gökler, Hamit Harun Bağcı, Kanuni Keklik, Toker Erguder, İlayda. Third Ministry of Health, Ankara, 2025. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
| Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable. Please check with original data sources for methodologies used. | |
