• Prehľad
  • Prevalencia obezity
  • Trendy v priebehu času
  • Členenie obyvateľstva
  • Vodiči
  • Komorbidity
  • Ekonomické dôsledky
  • Zásady (k dispozícii iba v angličtine)
  • Contextual factors
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Prevalencia obezity

Dospelí, 2019

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2019. Data available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2017

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2017 - EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2014-2016

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:18-70
Ve?kos? vzorky:3947
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Cuschieri, S., Vassallo, J., Calleja, N., Camilleri, R., Borg, A., Bonnici, G., Zhang, Y., Pace, N., and Mamo, J. (2016) Prevalence of obesity in Malta. Obesity Science & Practice, doi: 10.1002/osp4.77.
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2000-2003

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:15+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat Yearbook 2006/07. A goldmine of statistical information. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/5059290/1-20022007-BP-EN.PDF.pdf/edab8c31-b9f3-4c8e-b4db-4137bd045efa?t=1414683510000 (last accessed 04.11.21)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 1984

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:25-64
Odkazy:Personal Communication from Dr A Robertson WHO Europe. MONICA Data originally provided by Health Promotion Department, 1 Crucifix Hill, Floriana, Malta
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NB 2008 Self Report available
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Deti, 2021-2022

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:13
Odkazy:Rakic JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):HBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

Deti, 2018-2020

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:7
Ve?kos? vzorky:2683
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Report on the fifth round of data collection, 2018–2020: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Cutoffs:WHO 2007

Deti, 2016-2017

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:4-17
Ve?kos? vzorky:41,747
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Grech, V, Aquilina, S, Camilleri, E, Spiteri, K, Busuttil, M.L, Sant’Angelo, JJV.F and Calleja. N (2017) The Malta Childhood National Body Mass Index Study: A Population Study. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 65(3), pp. 327-331.
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Year of survey was not in paper but contact author provided conformation.
Cutoffs:WHO

Deti, 2016

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:7
Ve?kos? vzorky:2784
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI).
Cutoffs:WHO

Deti, 2012

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:10-11
Ve?kos? vzorky:874
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Decelis, A., Fox, K. and Jago, R. (2013), Prevalence of obesity among 10–11-year-old Maltese children using four established standards. Pediatric Obesity. doi: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00191.x
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):IOTF Cut off
Cutoffs:IOTF

Deti, 2007

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:5-6
Ve?kos? vzorky:3461
Dotknutá oblas?:Regionálne
Odkazy:Grech V and Sant Angelo VF. (2009). Body mass index estimation in a school-entry aged cohort in Malta. International Journal of Pediatric Obesity, 4: 126 - 128.
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Deti, 2007-2013

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:6-7
Ve?kos? vzorky:6458
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Spinelli et al (2019). 'Childhood Severe Obesity in Europe', Obes Facts.12, pp. 244–258. (Data from COSI round 1-3)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NOTE - this data is from COSI round I - III (2007 - 2013) IOTF cut-offs used.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Nadváha/obezita pod?a veku a vzdelania

Dospelí, 2019

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NB. Some age ranges missing due to insufficient data to display by age & educational status
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Muži, 2019

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NB. Some age ranges missing due to insufficient data to display by age & educational status
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Ženy, 2019

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NB. Some age ranges missing due to insufficient data to display by age & educational status
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Muži, 2017

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2017 - Education EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Ženy, 2017

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2017 - Education EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Muži, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Ženy, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Nadváha/obezita pod?a vzdelania

Muži, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Less than primary, primary and lower secondary education (levels 0-2) Upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education (levels 3 and 4) Tertiary education (levels 5-8)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Ženy, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Less than primary, primary and lower secondary education (levels 0-2) Upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education (levels 3 and 4) Tertiary education (levels 5-8)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2003

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Ve?kos? vzorky:292710
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2003 Lifestyle Survey. http://nso.gov.mt/en/publicatons/Publications_by_Unit/Documents/01_Methodology_and_Research/Lifestyle_Survey_2003.pdf (last accessed 1 Oct 2015)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Deti, 2007-2013

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:6-7
Ve?kos? vzorky:1499
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Spinelli et al (2019). 'Childhood Severe Obesity in Europe', Obes Facts.12, pp. 244–258. (Data from COSI round 1-3)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):WHO cut-offs used. Based on Mother's education level.
Cutoffs:WHO

Nadváha/obezita pod?a veku

Dospelí, 2019

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2017

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Odkazy:2017 - EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2006-2007

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Ve?kos? vzorky:1369
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2007 Lifestyle Survey. http://nso.gov.mt/en/publicatons/Publications_by_Unit/Documents/01_Methodology_and_Research/LifeStyle_Survey_2007.pdf (last accessed 8.6.15)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Deti, 2021-2022

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:See Report
Odkazy:Rakić JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):HBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

Deti, 2015-2016

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Ve?kos? vzorky:46,027
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Grech, Victor, et al. “The Malta Childhood National Body Mass Index Study: A Population Study.” Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition, vol. 65, no. 3, Sept. 2017, pp. 327–331, 10.1097/mpg.0000000000001430. Accessed 19 May 2021.
Cutoffs:WHO

Deti, 2001-2002

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Currie C, Roberts C, Morgan A, Smith R, Settertobulte W, Samdal O et al (2004). Young People's Health in Context. Health Behaviour in School aged Children (HSBC) study: international report from the 2001/2 survey (Health Policy for Children and Adolescents, No 4). Copenhagen: World Health Organization REgional Office for Europe.
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Self Report
Cutoffs:IOTF

Nadváha/obezita pod?a regiónu

Dospelí, 2006-2007

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Ve?kos? vzorky:1369
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2007 Lifestyle Survey. http://nso.gov.mt/en/publicatons/Publications_by_Unit/Documents/01_Methodology_and_Research/LifeStyle_Survey_2007.pdf (last accessed 8.6.15)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2003

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Ve?kos? vzorky:292710
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2003 Lifestyle Survey. http://nso.gov.mt/en/publicatons/Publications_by_Unit/Documents/01_Methodology_and_Research/Lifestyle_Survey_2003.pdf (last accessed 1 Oct 2015)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Chlapci, 2015-2016

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:5-10
Ve?kos? vzorky:41,343
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Aquilina, Samuel, et al. “Regional Differences in Childhood BMI Data - the Malta Childhood National Body Mass Index Study.” Malta Medical Journal, vol. 31, no. 3, 6 Dec. 2019, pp. 24–29, www.mmsjournals.org/index.php/mmj/article/view/196. Accessed 19 May 2021.
Cutoffs:WHO

Diev?atá, 2015-2016

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:5-10
Ve?kos? vzorky:41,343
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Aquilina, Samuel, et al. “Regional Differences in Childhood BMI Data - the Malta Childhood National Body Mass Index Study.” Malta Medical Journal, vol. 31, no. 3, 6 Dec. 2019, pp. 24–29, www.mmsjournals.org/index.php/mmj/article/view/196. Accessed 19 May 2021.
Cutoffs:WHO

Nadváha/obezita pod?a veku a regiónu

Muži, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NB. Rural areas were considered to have low reliability and have been excluded.
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Ženy, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NB. Rural areas were considered to have low reliability and have been excluded.
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Nadváha/obezita pod?a veku a sociálno-ekonomickej skupiny

Dospelí, 2019

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NB. Some age ranges missing due to insufficient data to display by age & income quintile
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Ženy, 2019

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NB. Some age ranges missing due to insufficient data to display by age & income quintile
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Muži, 2019

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):NB. Some age ranges missing due to insufficient data to display by age & income quintile
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Muži, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Ženy, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Nadváha/obezita pod?a sociálno-ekonomickej skupiny

Muži, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):1st Quintile (lowest income), 5th Quintile (highest income) Please note where data = zero, there were insufficient data.
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Ženy, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2014 Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):1st Quintile (lowest income), 5th Quintile (highest income) Please note where data = zero, there were insufficient data.
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Muži, 2008

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:EUROSTAT Database http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/health/health-status-determinants/data/database# (last accessed 17th July 2015)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):SES assessed by annual income. Insufficient data for Females
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Dospelí, 2003

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:18+
Ve?kos? vzorky:528
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:2003 Lifestyle Survey Published by the National Statistics Office, Valletta, Malta website: http://www.nso.gov.mt
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Small sample size though a relatively small population
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Chlapci, 2021-2022

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:11-15
Odkazy:Raki? JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Family affluence scaleHBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

Diev?atá, 2021-2022

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:11-15
Odkazy:Raki? JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Family affluence scaleHBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

Chlapci, 2017-2018

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:11-15
Ve?kos? vzorky:2567
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:World Health Organization (2020). Spotlight on adolescent health and well-being - Findings from the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey in Europe and Canada. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/332091/9789289055000-eng.pdf. Last accessed: 25.05.21.
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):HBSC Family Affluence Scale (FAS) - "HBSC uses an alternative measure, the Family Affluence Scale, which asks young people about material assets such as family cars, number of foreign holidays, computers, bathrooms and dishwashers in the household, holidays and having a bedroom to oneself. The scale, which enables users to add up how many of these assets a young person has in their home compared with other adolescents in their country/region, has been shown to provide a valid indicator of relative affluence."
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):HBSC Family Affluence Scale (FAS)
Cutoffs:WHO

Diev?atá, 2017-2018

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:11-15
Ve?kos? vzorky:2567
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:World Health Organization (2020). Spotlight on adolescent health and well-being - Findings from the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey in Europe and Canada. Available at: https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/332091/9789289055000-eng.pdf. Last accessed: 25.05.21.
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):HBSC Family Affluence Scale (FAS) - "HBSC uses an alternative measure, the Family Affluence Scale, which asks young people about material assets such as family cars, number of foreign holidays, computers, bathrooms and dishwashers in the household, holidays and having a bedroom to oneself. The scale, which enables users to add up how many of these assets a young person has in their home compared with other adolescents in their country/region, has been shown to provide a valid indicator of relative affluence."
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):HBSC Family Affluence Scale (FAS)
Cutoffs:WHO

Overweight/obesity by age and limited activity

Dospelí, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2014 available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do (last accessed 06.10.21)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Muži, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2014 available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do (last accessed 06.10.21)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Ženy, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Eurostat 2014 available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do (last accessed 06.10.21)
Ak nie je uvedené inak, za nadváhu sa považuje, ak je BMI index medzi 25 kg a 29,9 kg/m² a za obezitu sa považuje, ak je BMI index vyšší ako 30 kg/m².

Nedostato?ná fyzická aktivita

Dospelí, 2016

Odkazy:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Muži, 2016

Odkazy:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Ženy, 2016

Odkazy:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Deti, 2016

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:11-17
Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Chlapci, 2016

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:11-17
Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Diev?atá, 2016

Typ prieskumu:Vlastné hlásenie
Vek:11-17
Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Deti, 2010

Vek:11-17
Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Chlapci, 2010

Vek:11-17
Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Diev?atá, 2010

Vek:11-17
Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Prevalencia konzumácie minimálne jedného sýteného nealkoholického nápoja denne

Deti, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Odkazy:World Health Organization. (2017). Adolescent obesity and related behaviours: Trends and inequalities in the who european region, 2002-2014: observations from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) WHO collaborative cross-national study (J. Inchley, D. Currie, J. Jewel, J. Breda, & V. Barnekow, Eds.). World Health Organization. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org
Poznámky (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):15-year-old adolescents
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Prevalence of at least daily carbonated soft drink consumption (% of at least daily carbonated soft drink consumption)

Estimated per capita fruit intake

Dospelí, 2017

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:25+
Odkazy:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day)

Prevalencia konzumácie menej ako jedného kusu ovocia denne

Deti, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Odkazy:Global School-based Student Health Surveys. Beal et al (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Prevalence of less-than-daily fruit consumption (% less-than-daily fruit consumption)

Prevalencia konzumácie menej ako jedného kusu zeleniny denne

Deti, 2014

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:12-17
Odkazy:Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Prevalence of less-than-daily vegetable consumption (% less-than-daily vegetable consumption)

Odhadovaný príjem spracovaného mäsa na obyvate?a

Dospelí, 2017

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:25+
Odkazy:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)

Estimated per capita whole grains intake

Dospelí, 2017

Typ prieskumu:Nameraná hodnota
Vek:25+
Odkazy:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day)

Duševné zdravie - poruchy depresie

Dospelí, 2015

Odkazy:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% of population with depression disorders

Duševné zdravie - úzkostné poruchy

Dospelí, 2015

Odkazy:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% of population with anxiety disorders

Rakovina pažeráka

Muži, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ženy, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Rakovina prsníka

Ženy, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Rakovina hrubého ?reva a kone?níka

Muži, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ženy, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Rakovina pankreasu

Muži, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ženy, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Rakovina žl?níka

Muži, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ženy, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Rakovina obli?iek

Muži, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ženy, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Rakovina maternice

Ženy, 2020

Vek:20+
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2237
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Zvýšený krvný tlak

Dospelí, 2015

Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Muži, 2015

Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Ženy, 2015

Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Zvýšený cholesterol

Dospelí, 2008

Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Muži, 2008

Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Ženy, 2008

Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Zvýšená glukóza v krvi nala?no

Muži, 2014

Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Ženy, 2014

Odkazy:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Prevalencia cukrovky

Dospelí, 2021

Vek:20-79
Dotknutá oblas?:Národný
Odkazy:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation.  IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, %

Dospelí, 2019

Vek:20-79
Odkazy:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Dospelí, 2017

Odkazy:Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definície (k dispozícii iba v angli?tine):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Economic impact of overweight and obesity

Country comparisons

You can choose to compare this country’s data with the data for up to four other countries.

Policies, Interventions and Actions

Commercial Determinants of Noncommunicable Diseases in the WHO European Region

This report highlights the substantial impact of commercial determinants on noncommunicable diseases (‎NCDs)‎ in the WHO European Region. Nearly 7500 deaths per day in the Region are attributed to commercial determinants, such as tobacco, alcohol,processed food, fossil fuels and occupational practices. These commercial products and practices contribute to 25% of all deaths in the Region. The report’s chapters systematically explore various facets of how commercial interests exacerbate NCDs and key strategies used by commercial actors to negatively influence NCD-related policies at the national and international level. The reportalso provides selected case studies from the Region to illustrate key strategies and outcomes of industry influence on health policies.The report then calls for urgent and coordinated action to address the commercial determinants of NCDs. It advocates for building coalitions based on the values of equity, sustainability, and resilience. Public health actors are urged to develop competencies in economic and legal frameworks, enforce transparency, and manage conflicts of interest effectively. The report underscores the need for robust financial reforms and strict regulation to curb industry power and protect public health. By implementing these strategies, the Region can accelerate progress towards global NCD targets and Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2024 (ongoing)
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:World Health Organisation (WHO)
Linked document:Download linked document
References:World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (‎2024)‎. Commercial Determinants of Noncommunicable Diseases in the WHO European Region. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/376957. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO

Annex III to Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards trans fat, other than trans fat naturally occurring in fat of animal origin

Measures to limit or virtually eliminate industrially-produced trans fatty acids in food intended for the final consumer and/or for supply to retail. Adopted by The European Commission from April 2019. (Available in multiple languages)

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:The European Commission
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/36162 (last accessed 12.07.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

European practical and patient-centred guidelines for adult obesity management in primary care

This article aims to provide obesity management guidelines specifically tailored to GPs, favouring a practical patient-centred approach. The focus is on GP communication and motivational interviewing as well as on therapeutic patient education. The new guidelines highlight the importance of avoiding stigmatization, something frequently seen in different health care settings. In addition, managing the psychological aspects of the disease, such as improving self-esteem, body image and quality of life must not be neglected.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Dominique Durrer Schutz, Luca Busetto, Dror Dicker, Nathalie Farpour-Lambert, Rachel Pryke, Hermann Toplak, Daniel Widmer, Volkan Yumuk, Yves Schutz; European Practical and Patient-Centred Guidelines for Adult Obesity Management in Primary Care. Obes Facts 15 March 2019; 12 (1): 40–66. https://doi.org/10.1159/000496183

Weight Management Programme

"The programme consists of two sessions per week for a period of 12 weeks. Each session is of 2 hours duration, various topics relating to healthy nutrition and weight loss are presented and discussions take place in a group setting."

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Dospelí
Organisation:Maltese Government
References:https://deputyprimeminister.gov.mt/en/phc/Pages/Services/Nutritionist/Weight-Management-Programme.aspx

NCD Country Profiles 2018 (Obesity Targets)

The profiles also provide data on the key metabolic risk factors, namely raised blood pressure, raised blood glucose and obesity and National Targets on Obesity (as of 2017)

Categories:Evidence of Obesity Target
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:World Health Organisation
References:Noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

School Fruit, Vegetables and Milk Scheme

"Applicable since 1 August 2017, the EU school fruit, vegetables and milk scheme combines two previous schemes (the school fruit and vegetables scheme and the school milk scheme) under a single legal framework for more efficiency and an enhanced focus on health and educational. The scheme supports the distribution of products, educational measures and information measures. The scheme supports the distribution of fruit, vegetables, milk and certain milk products to schoolchildren, from nursery to secondary school. EU countries approve a list of products (in collaboration with their health and nutrition authorities) which will help achieve the schemes objective of helping children to follow a healthy diet. Priority is for fresh fruit and vegetables and for plain milk. In order to support a varied diet and/or specific nutritional needs, EU countries may also make processed fruit and vegetables such as juices and soups and certain milk products such as yoghurt and cheese, available. Additionally, under stricter conditions, milk-based drinks may be included." - EU Commission

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Organisation:European Commission
Find out more:ec.europa.eu
References:https://ec.europa.eu/info/food-farming-fisheries/key-policies/common-agricultural-policy/market-measures/school-fruit-vegetables-and-milk-scheme/school-scheme-explained_en

Dietary Guidelines for Maltese Adults

The dietary guidelines in Malta were updated and published in 2016 and include a graphical representation of a 'Healthy Plate'

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2016 (ongoing)
Target age group:Dospelí
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Find out more:health.gov.mt
Linked document:Download linked document

GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling

This programme was reported by countries for the 2nd WHO Global Nutrition Policy Review 2016-2017 module on actions related to infant and young child nutrition. Information provided by WHO GINA Programme.

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Year(s):2016 (ongoing)
Target age group:Deti
Find out more:extranet.who.int
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

The Mediterranean Diet Campaign

As part of the OPEN (Obesity Prevention through European Network) project, the Mediterranean Diet campaign is a multi-media campaign aiming to reach out to various sectors of the population. It focuses on the Mediterranean Diet as outlined in the new Food Based Dietary Guidelines and the various services being offered across the health sector to prevent unhealthy weight.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2016 (ongoing)
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Find out more:deputyprimeminister.gov.mt

A whole school approach to a healthy lifestyle: Healthy Eating and Physical Activity policy

This policy aims to get schools working together with policy makers, parents and communities to create an environment where students eat healthily, become physically fit and develop lifelong habits that contribute to wellness.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Deti
Organisation:Ministry for Education and Employment
Find out more:ehealth.gov.mt
Linked document:Download linked document

Food and Nutrition Policy and Action Plan for Malta 2015-2020

A plan that sets out priority action areas in order to address the main public health challenges facing the Maltese Nation in the area of nutrition and food security.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2015-2020
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Directorate, Parliamentary Secretariat for Health
Find out more:ehealth.gov.mt
Linked document:Download linked document

Lunchbox Campaign 2015

The Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Directorate has teamed up with the Education Authorities to launch a campaign to encourage healthier lunchboxes. This is one of the implementation measures of the Whole of school approach to healthy lifestyles: healthy eating and physical activity.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Deti
Organisation:The Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Directorate
Find out more:deputyprimeminister.gov.mt
Linked document:Download linked document

Move for Health Day 2015

The day provides a focal point to generate public awareness of the benefits of physical activity in the prevention of non-communicable diseases.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:Government of Malta
Find out more:deputyprimeminister.gov.mt

National Breastfeeding Policy And Action Plan 2015-2020

The 2015-2020 National Breastfeeding Policy and Action Plan updates the previous policy in line with current scientific evidence on the short and long term benefits of breast feeding to the mother and child, to achieve higher exclusive breastfeeding rates for the first six months and thereafter for breastfeeding to continue with appropriate complementary foods.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2015-2020
Target age group:Deti
Organisation:Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Directorate
Linked document:Download linked document

European Union (EU) Action Plan on Childhood Obesity 2014-2020

EU Action plan. To contribute to halting the rise in overweight and obesity in children and young people (0-18 years) by 2020

Categories:Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy or Action Plan
Year(s):2014-2020
Target age group:Deti
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Find out more:ec.europa.eu
Linked document:Download linked document
References:EU Action Plan on Childhood Table of contents [Internet]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/nutrition_physical_activity/docs/childhoodobesity_actionplan_2014_2020_en.pdf ‌

A healthy weight for life 2012-2020

A national obesity strategy to address the prevalence of obesity, and reduce the health, social and economic consequences of excess body weight. Includes nutrition and physical activity strategies.

Categories:Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2012-2022
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:Public Health, Ministry for Health,the Elderly and Community Care (Malta)
Find out more:deputyprimeminister.gov.mt
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Public Health Ministry for Health, the Elderly and Community Care 'A Healthy Weight for Life': A National Strategy for Malta. Available from: https://deputyprimeminister.gov.mt/en/Documents/National-Health-Strategies/hwl_en.pdf (Accessed 13th October 2020)

EU Regulation 1169/2011

Passed in 2011, EU Regulation 1169/2011 on the Provision of Food Information to Consumers requires a list of the nutrient content of most pre-packaged food to be provided on the back of the pack from October 2011.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:European Parliament and the Council of the European Union
Find out more:eur-lex.europa.eu
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/22917 (last accessed 28.06.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

Evaluation of the EU school milk and fruit scheme

European Court of Auditors (2011) Are the school milk and school fruit schemes effective? Special Report No 10. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.

Categories:Health Effectiveness Reviews (obesity related)
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Deti
Organisation:EUROPEAN COURT OF AUDITORS
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of World Cancer Research Fund International from their NOURISHING framework www.wcrf.org/NOURISHING

Healthy Eating Lifestyle Plan (HELP)

This document is aimed primarily at schools to encourage them to give high priority to healthy eating and healthy lifestyles. It aims to design, implement and monitor school healthy eating lifestyle plans.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2007 (ongoing)
Target age group:Deti
Organisation:Ministry of Education, Youth and Employment
Find out more:education.gov.mt
Linked document:Download linked document

EU health and nutrient claims regulation

Regulation nº 1924/2006 establishes EU-wide rules on the use of specified health and nutrient claims. The European Commission approves claims provided they are based on scientific evidence and accessible consumers. The European Food Safety Authority is responsible for evaluating the scientific evidence supporting health claims. Nutrition claims may only be used on food defined as "healthy" by a nutrient profile.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2006 (ongoing)
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:European Commission
Linked document:Download linked document
References:https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32006R1924

Broadcasting code for the protection of minors

"Maltese subsidiary legislation 350.05 “Broadcasting Code for the Protection of Minors”, which came into force on 1 September 2000 and was amended in 2010, states in paragraph 19: “Advertisements for confectionery and snack foods shall not suggest that such products may be substituted for balanced meals” - WHO

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2000 (ongoing)
Target age group:Deti
Organisation:Maltese Government
Find out more:academic.oup.com
References:https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/155436/e96047.pdf

GNPR 2016-17 (q7) Breastfeeeding promotion and/or counselling

WHO Global Nutrition Policy Review 2016-2017 reported the evidence of breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling (q7)

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Target age group:Dospelí
Organisation:Ministry of Health (information provided by the GINA progam)
Find out more:extranet.who.int
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

NCD targets for Malta

Malta's NCD targets include: • Reduce the prevalence of obesity within the population over the age of 15 years from 22% to 18% by 2020 • Keep the prevalence of obesity among 13 year olds below 15% by 2020.

Categories:Evidence of NCD strategy
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
References:https://extranet.who.int/ncdccs/Data/MLT_Malta_NCD_targets.pdf

On the Move Programme

"This programme offers all age groups to enjoy sports in various localities through Malta and Gozo" The mission of this programme is "moving a nation through the promotion and development of sport for a healthy, inclusive and successful Malta'

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Target age group:Dospelí a deti
Organisation:Sport Malta
References:http://sportmalta.mt/programmes/onthemove-programme/

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

Contextual factors

Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.

Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.

Labelling

Is there mandatory nutrition labelling?Present
Front-of-package labelling?Absent
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration?Present
Color coding?Absent
Warning label?Absent

Regulation and marketing

Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products?Absent
Tax on unhealthy foods?Absent
Tax on unhealthy drinks?Absent
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products?Absent
Subsidy on fruits?Absent
Subsidy on vegetables?Absent
Subsidy on other healthy products?Absent
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)?Present
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? Present
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? Absent
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Present
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media?Present
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media?Absent
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools?Absent
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products?Absent
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement?Absent

Political will and support

National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy?Present
National obesity strategy?Present
National childhood obesity strategy?Absent
Comprehensive nutrition strategy?Present
Comprehensive physical activity strategy?Present
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs?Present
National target(s) on reducing obesity?Present
Guidelines/policy on obesity treatment?Absent
Promotion of breastfeeding?Present

Monitoring and surveillance

Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors?Present
Within 5 years?Present

Governance and resource

Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)?Absent

Key

Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown

Last updated September 13, 2022

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Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions

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