Jamaica

Overview
Obesity prevalence
Population breakdowns
Drivers
Comorbidities
Economic impact
Policies
Contextual factors

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National obesity risk *7.5/10 Childhood obesity risk *7/11

* Based on estimated data. For more information see Publications

Population breakdowns

Drivers

Comorbidities

Economic impact

Policies

Nutritional or Health Strategy

Transnational Obesity Strategies

Contextual factors

Obesity prevalence

Adults, 2016-2017

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	15-75
Sample size:	2807
Area covered:	National
References:	Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey III (2016-2017) https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fcaribbeaninstituteofnephrology.net%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F04%2FJHLS-III-NCD-Metabolic-Risk-Factors-and-CVC-Renal-Conference-2019-01-18Final1-1.pptx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK (last accessed 04.05.2022)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Adults, 2007-2008

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	15-74
Sample size:	2848
Area covered:	National
References:	Jamaican Health & Lifestyle Survey 2008
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Adults, 1999

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	15+
Sample size:	1935
Area covered:	National
References:	Ichinohe M, Mita R, Saito K, Shinkawa H, Nakaji S, Coombs M, Carney A, Wright B and Fulla EL. (2005). The prevalence of obesity and its relationship with lifestyle factors in Jamaica. Tohoku Journal of Exp Medicine, 207: 21 - 32.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Children, 2022

Survey type:	Self-reported
Sample size:	3041
Area covered:	Regional - St Catherine
References:	Global School-Based Student Health Survey, Jamaica (St Catherine) 2023 Fact Sheet. Available at:https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/2023-gshs-fact-sheet-jamaica-(st-catherine) (Accessed: 13.06.25)
Cutoffs:	WHO 2007

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Children, 2018

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	6-12
Sample size:	446
Area covered:	Regional
References:	Kirin Rambaran, Surujpal Teelucksingh, Sesh Gowrie Sankar, Michael Boyne, Godfrey Xuereb, Ambra Giorgetti & Michael B. Zimmermann (2020) High prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity in ten Caribbean countries: 2018 cross-sectional data and a narrative review of trends in Trinidad and Tobago, Child and Adolescent Obesity, DOI: 10.1080/2574254X.2020.1847632
Notes:	Not nationally representative but a cluster sampling strategy was used to obtain data across the varying geographical and socioeconomic areas of the country. Students with a history of major medical illnesses (such as malignancy, diabetes mellitus, asthma, thyroid disease, haemoglobinopathies, or congenital genetic disorders), or those taking chronic medications for such diseases were excluded from the study. Note that this study has a small sample size.
Cutoffs:	WHO

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Children, 2017

Survey type:	Self-reported
Age:	13-17
Sample size:	1667
Area covered:	National
References:	Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/Jamaica_2017_GSHS_FS.pdf?ua=1&ua=1 (last accessed 25.11.20)
Cutoffs:	WHO

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Children, 2010

Survey type:	Self-reported
Age:	13-15
Sample size:	1623
Area covered:	National
References:	Global School-based Student Health Survey, Fact Sheet available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/2010_GSHS_FS_Jamaica.pdf?ua=1 (last accessed 25.11.20)
Cutoffs:	WHO

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0-5 years, 2018-2019

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	135279
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2018. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2020
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2016

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	607
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2016. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2019
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2014

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	584
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2014. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2017
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2012

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	1722
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2012. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2015
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2010

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	589
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2010. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2013
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2008-2009

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	1561
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2008. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2013
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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Girls, 2008-2009

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	1562
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2008. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2013
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2007

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	672
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2007. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2013
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2006

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	641
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2006. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2013
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2004

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	788
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2004. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2005
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2002

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	3301
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2002. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2003
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2001

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	628
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2001. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2002
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2000

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	775
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2000. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2001
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1999

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	777
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1999. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2000
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1998

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	2442
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1998. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1999
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1997

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	911
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1997. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1998
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1996

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	993
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1996. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1997
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1995

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	995
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1995. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1997
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1994-1995

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	967
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1994. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1996
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1993-1994

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	938
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions 1993. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1995
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1992-1993

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	1779
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions 1992. Kingston: The Planning Institute and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica, 1994
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1991-1992

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	698
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions - report 1991. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1992
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1989

Age:	0-5
Sample size:	859
References:	LSMS: Jamaica Living Standards and Measurement Survey 1989. Kingston: The World Bank, 1990
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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Overweight/obesity by age

Adults, 2016-2017

Survey type:	Measured
Sample size:	2807
Area covered:	National
References:	Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey III (2016-2017) https://view.officeapps.live.com/op/view.aspx?src=https%3A%2F%2Fcaribbeaninstituteofnephrology.net%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2019%2F04%2FJHLS-III-NCD-Metabolic-Risk-Factors-and-CVC-Renal-Conference-2019-01-18Final1-1.pptx&wdOrigin=BROWSELINK (last accessed 04.05.2022)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Adults, 1999

Sample size:	1935
Area covered:	National
References:	Ichinohe M, Mita R, Saito K, Shinkawa H, Nakaji S, Coombs M, Carney A, Writght, Lewis Fuller E. The Prevalence of Obesity and its Relationship with Lifestyle Factors in Jamaica. Tohoku J Exp Med 2005, 207, 21-32
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Overweight/obesity by region

0-5 years, 2018-2019

Sample size:	135279
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2018. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2020
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2016

Sample size:	607
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2016. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2019
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2014

Sample size:	584
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2014. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2017
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2012

Sample size:	1722
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2012. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2015
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2010

Sample size:	589
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2010. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2013
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2008-2009

Sample size:	1561
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2008. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2013
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2007

Sample size:	672
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2007. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2013
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2006

Sample size:	641
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2006. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2013
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2004

Sample size:	788
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2004. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2005
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2002

Sample size:	3301
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2002. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2003
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2001

Sample size:	628
References:	Other: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2001. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2002
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 2000

Sample size:	775
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions 2000. The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2001
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1999

Sample size:	777
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1999. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 2000
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1998

Sample size:	2442
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1998. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1999
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1997

Sample size:	911
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1997. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1998
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1996

Sample size:	993
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1996. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1997
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1995

Sample size:	995
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1995. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1997
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1994-1995

Sample size:	967
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions, 1994. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1996
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1993-1994

Sample size:	938
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions 1993. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1995
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1992-1993

Sample size:	1779
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions 1992. Kingston: The Planning Institute and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica, 1994
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1991-1992

Sample size:	698
References:	LSMS: Jamaica survey of living conditions - report 1991. Kingston: The Planning Institute of Jamaica (PIOJ) and the Statistical Institute of Jamaica Statistical Institute of Jamaica (STATIN), 1992
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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0-5 years, 1989

Sample size:	859
References:	LSMS: Jamaica Living Standards and Measurement Survey 1989. Kingston: The World Bank, 1990
Notes:	UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitions:	=>+2SD

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Double burden of underweight & overweight

Adults, 2022

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	20+
References:	NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Notes:	Age Standardised estimates
Definitions:	Combined prevalence of BMI<18.5 kg/m² and BMI>=30 kg/m² (double burden of underweight and obesity)

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Children, 2022

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	5-19
References:	NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Notes:	Age standardised estimates
Definitions:	Combined prevalence of BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD (double burden of thinness and obesity)
Cutoffs:	BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD

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0-5 years, 2018-2019

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	0-5
References:	UNICEF data available at https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/malnutrition/(last accessed 12.03.25)
Notes:	Children under 5 falling below -2 standard deviations from the median height for age and falling at or above +2 standard deviations from the median weight-for-height of the reference population

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Insufficient physical activity

Adults, 2022

Survey type:	Self-reported
Age:	18+
Area covered:	National
References:	WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definitions:	Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

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Men, 2022

Survey type:	Self-reported
Age:	18+
Area covered:	National
References:	WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definitions:	Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

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Women, 2022

Survey type:	Self-reported
Age:	18+
Area covered:	National
References:	WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definitions:	Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

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Adults, 2016

References:

Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

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Men, 2016

References:

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Women, 2016

References:

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Average daily frequency of carbonated soft drink consumption

Children, 2009-2015

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	12-17
References:	Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system

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Estimated per capita fruit intake

Adults, 2017

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	25+
References:	Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitions:	Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day)

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Prevalence of less than daily fruit consumption

Children, 2009-2015

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	12-17
References:	Global School-based Student Health Surveys. Beal et al (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Definitions:	Prevalence of less-than-daily fruit consumption (% less-than-daily fruit consumption)

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Prevalence of less than daily vegetable consumption

Children, 2009-2015

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	12-17
References:	Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Definitions:	Prevalence of less-than-daily vegetable consumption (% less-than-daily vegetable consumption)

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Average weekly frequency of fast food consumption

Children, 2009-2015

Age:	12-17
References:	Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system

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Estimated per-capita processed meat intake

Adults, 2017

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	25+
References:	Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitions:	Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)

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Estimated per capita whole grains intake

Adults, 2017

Survey type:	Measured
Age:	25+
References:	Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitions:	Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day)

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Mental health - depression disorders

Adults, 2021

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:	Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)

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Men, 2021

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:	Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)

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Women, 2021

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:	Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)

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Adults, 2015-2021

References:	Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:	% of population with depression disorders

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Adults, 2015-2021

References:	Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:	% of population with depression disorders

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Men, 2015-2021

References:	Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:	% of population with depression disorders

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Women, 2015-2021

References:	Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:	% of population with depression disorders

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Children, 2021

Area covered:	National
References:	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:	Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)

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Boys, 2021

Area covered:	National
References:	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:	Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)

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Girls, 2021

Area covered:	National
References:	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:	Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)

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Mental health - anxiety disorders

Adults, 2021

Age:	20+
References:	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definitions:	Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population

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Men, 2021

Age:	20+
References:	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definitions:	Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population

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Women, 2021

Age:	20+
References:	Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definitions:	Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population

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Adults, 2015-2021

References:	Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:	% of population with anxiety disorders

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Adults, 2015-2021

References:	Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:	% of population with anxiety disorders

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Men, 2015-2021

References:	Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:	% of population with anxiety disorders

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Women, 2015-2021

References:	Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:	% of population with anxiety disorders

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Children, 2021

References:

Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)

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Boys, 2021

References:

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Girls, 2021

References:

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% Infants exclusively breastfed 0-5 months

0-5 years, 1998-2023

References:	Jamaica Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2011: Final Report. Kingston, Jamaica: STATIN and UNICEF
Notes:	Full details are available. Original citation United Nations Children’s Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2023). Global UNICEF Global Databases: Infant and Young Child Feeding: Exclusive breastfeeding, New York, October 2023.

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Percent of population who cannot afford a healthy diet

Adults, 2022

Area covered:	National
References:	The Food Systems Dashboard. The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), The Columbia Climate School, and Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. 2024. Geneva, Switzerland. https://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36072/db.

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Oesophageal cancer

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Indicence per 100,000

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Indicence per 100,000

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Men, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Women, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Breast cancer

Women, 2022

Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Colorectal cancer

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Men, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Women, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Pancreatic cancer

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Men, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Women, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Gallbladder cancer

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Indicence per 100,000

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Indicence per 100,000

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Men, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Women, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Kidney cancer

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Men, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Women, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Cancer of the uterus

Women, 2022

Age:	20+
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Women, 2020-2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2193
Definitions:	Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

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Raised blood pressure

Adults, 2015

References:	Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitions:	Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

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Men, 2015

References:	Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitions:	Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

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Women, 2015

References:	Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitions:	Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

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Raised cholesterol

Adults, 2008

References:	Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitions:	% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

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Men, 2008

References:	Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitions:	% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

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Women, 2008

References:	Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitions:	% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

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Raised fasting blood glucose

Men, 2014

References:	Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definitions:	Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

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Women, 2014

References:	Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definitions:	Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

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Diabetes prevalence

Adults, 2024

References:

Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 11th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2025. http://www.diabetesatlas.org

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Adults, 2021

Age:	20-79
Area covered:	National
References:	Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitions:	Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, %

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Adults, 2019

Age:	20-79
References:	Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitions:	Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

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Adults, 2017

References:	Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitions:	Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

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Ovarian Cancer

Women, 2022

Age:	20+
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Leukemia

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Liver and intrahepatic bile duct Cancer

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Multiple Myeloma

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Indicence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Indicence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

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Thyroid Cancer

Men, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Women, 2022

Age:	20+
Area covered:	National
References:	Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:	Incidence per 100,000

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Economic impact of overweight and obesity

Policies, Interventions and Actions

National School Nutrition Standards

These Standards define the types of foods and beverages restricted in the Jamaican school environment. The Standards apply to all food and drink items available to children within the school environment whether prepared on or offsite. In addition, these Standards apply to the compound and immediate vicinity (within 200 m from the perimeter) of all public infant, primary and secondary institutions in Jamaica and are also applicable to school fundraisers, recreational activities, sporting events and competitions at those schools. Prohibitions on marketing in the school environment, such as promotion, sponsorship and philanthropic activities linked to brands associated with products which are high in salt, fat or sugar are recommended in these Standards

Categories:	Evidence of School Food Regulations
Categories (partial):	Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):	2021 (ongoing)
Target age group:	Children
Organisation:	Ministry of Health & Wellness
Linked document:	Download linked document

Nationwide ban on sugary drinks in schools

Nationwide ban on sugary drinks in schools, which was effective as of January 2019

Categories:	Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):	2019 (ongoing)
Target age group:	Children
Organisation:	Government
References:	Currently a web link to this code is unavailable. If you are aware of the location of this document/intervention, please contact us at obesity@worldobesity.org

Jamaica Moves campaign

Jamaica moves campaign aims to encourage the population to obtain at least 30 mins of physical activity, every day to reduce the risk of developing non-communicable diseases

Categories:	Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):	2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:	Adults and children
Organisation:	Ministry of Health
Find out more:	www.jamaicamoves.com
Linked document:	Download linked document
References:	Ministry of Health. Jamaica moves. Available from: https://www.jamaicamoves.com/ (Accessed 6 March 2019).

Too Much Junk

In May 2018, the HCC launched the CSO Regional Action Team for Childhood Obesity Prevention including key members of civil society in eight countries: Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, the Bahamas, Belize, Grenada, Jamaica, St Lucia, and St Kitts Nevis. Together, these organisations have shared materials and best practices in an effort to increase the public awareness around Childhood Obesity and its prevention and to garner thousands of signatures of support for the policies proposed in the HCC’s Call to Action at www.toomuchjunk.org.

Categories:	Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy/Recommendations or Action Plan
Categories (partial):	Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):	2018
Target age group:	Children
Organisation:	Health Caribbean Coalition
Find out more:	www.healthycaribbean.org

NCD Country Profiles 2018 (Obesity Targets)

The profiles also provide data on the key metabolic risk factors, namely raised blood pressure, raised blood glucose and obesity and National Targets on Obesity (as of 2017)

Categories:	Evidence of Obesity Target
Year(s):	2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:	Adults and children
Organisation:	World Health Organisation
References:	Noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

PAHO Plan of Action for the Prevention of Obesity in Children and Adolescents

The plan calls for the implementation of fiscal policies, regulation of food marketing and labelling, improvement of school nutrition and physical activity environments, and promotion of breastfeeding and healthy eating. Each Member State is encouraged to implement policies and regulations proposed in this Plan of Action according to its national needs and objectives.

Categories:	Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy/Recommendations or Action Plan
Categories (partial):	Non-national obesity strategies
Year(s):	2016-2020
Target age group:	Children
Organisation:	PAHO
Find out more:	www.paho.org
Linked document:	Download linked document

Food Based Dietary Guidelines for Jamaicans

The National Food Based Dietary Guidelines were launched in March 2015 to help prevent the onset of chronic non-communicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and strokes. The eight (8) Food Based Dietary Guidelines are aimed at promoting healthy behaviours and practices that will help the population aged 2 years and older to make healthy food choices and be physically active.

Categories:	Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):	2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:	Adults and children
Organisation:	Ministry of Health
Find out more:	moh.gov.jm

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) - Plan of Action for the Prevention of Obesity in Children and Adolescents

This 5-year action plan was signed by PAHO member countries, aiming to halt the rise in obesity among children and adolescents. It calls for a number of policies, including taxes on unhealthy food and drink, labelling and marketing regulation, health promotion, school nutrition improvement, and breastfeeding promotion.

Categories:	Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy/Recommendations or Action Plan
Year(s):	2014-2019
Target age group:	Children
Organisation:	Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO), WHO for the Americas
Find out more:	iris.paho.org
Linked document:	Download linked document
References:	PAHO. Plan of Action for the Prevention of Obesity in Children and Adolescents. WHO; 2014.

Food and Nutrition Security Policy

Comprehensive Nutrition strategy including overweight/ obesity. (Available only in English language)

Categories:	Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):	2013 (ongoing)
Target age group:	Adults and children
Organisation:	Cabinet and Parliament
Linked document:	Download linked document
References:	Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/23540 (last accessed 15.08.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

National Strategic and Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCD's in Jamaica

A strategy to address the impact of NCD's in Jamaica. The document contains a series of actions which focus on unhealthy eating and physical activity.

Categories:	Evidence of NCD strategy
Year(s):	2013-2018
Target age group:	Adults and children
Organisation:	Ministry of Health
Linked document:	Download linked document

CARICOM Regional Standard: Specification for labelling of pre-packaged foods (CRS 5: 2010)

Voluntary national labelling guidelines for packaged foods and drinks in place but mandatory when there is a health or nutrition claim. (Available only in English language)

Categories:	Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):	2010 (ongoing)
Target age group:	Adults and children
Organisation:	CARICOM Regional Organisation for Standards and Quality
Linked document:	Download linked document
References:	Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/25355 (last accessed 10.08.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

GNPR 2016-17 (q7) Breastfeeeding promotion and/or counselling

WHO Global Nutrition Policy Review 2016-2017 reported the evidence of breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling (q7)

Categories:	Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Target age group:	Adults
Organisation:	Ministry of Health (information provided by the GINA progam)
Find out more:	extranet.who.int
References:	Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

Contextual factors

Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.

Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.

Labelling

Is there mandatory nutrition labelling?	Absent
Front-of-package labelling?	Absent
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration?	Present
Color coding?	Absent
Warning label?	Absent

Regulation and marketing

Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products?	Absent
Tax on unhealthy foods?	Absent
Tax on unhealthy drinks?	Absent

Are there fiscal policies on healthy products?	Absent
Subsidy on fruits?	Absent
Subsidy on vegetables?	Absent
Subsidy on other healthy products?	Absent

Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)?	Absent
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)?	Absent
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)?	Absent

Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?	Absent
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media?	Absent
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media?	Absent
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?	Absent

Are there mandatory standards for food in schools?	Present

Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products?	Absent

Nutrition standards for public sector procurement?	Absent

Political will and support

National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy?	Present
National obesity strategy?	Absent
National childhood obesity strategy?	Present
Comprehensive nutrition strategy?	Present
Comprehensive physical activity strategy?	Absent

Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs?	Present

National target(s) on reducing obesity?	Present

Promotion of breastfeeding?	Present

Monitoring and surveillance

Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors?	Present
Within 5 years?	Absent

Governance and resource

Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)?	Absent

Key

Present

Present (voluntary)

Incoming

Absent

Unknown

Last updated December 22, 2022

See more policies here

Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions

Obesity prevalence

Download report card

Population breakdowns

By age

By region

Double Burden

Drivers

Insufficient activity

Soft drink consumption

Fruit consumption

Vegetable consumption

Fast food consumption

Processed meat consumption

Grains consumption

Depression

Anxiety

Roots of obesity »

Breastfeeding

Unaffordable diet

Download report card

Comorbidities

Oesophageal cancer

Breast cancer

Colorectal cancer

Pancreatic cancer

Gallbladder cancer

Kidney cancer

Cancer of the uterus

Raised blood pressure

Raised cholesterol

Raised fasting blood glucose

Diabetes prevalence

Ovarian Cancer

Leukemia

Liver & bile duct cancer

Mulitple Myeloma

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Thyroid Cancer

Download report card

Economic impact

Economic impact

Download report card

Policies

Nutritional or Health Strategy

Physical Activity

Community Interventions

Transnational Obesity Strategies

Labelling

NCD Strategy

Non-national strategies

School Food Regulations

Breastfeeding

Obesity Target

Download report card

Contextual factors

Contextual factors

Obesity prevalence

Adults, 2016-2017

Adults, 2007-2008

Adults, 1999

Children, 2022

Children, 2018

Children, 2017

Children, 2010

0-5 years, 2018-2019

0-5 years, 2016

0-5 years, 2014

0-5 years, 2012

0-5 years, 2010

0-5 years, 2008-2009

Girls, 2008-2009

0-5 years, 2007

0-5 years, 2006

0-5 years, 2004

0-5 years, 2002

0-5 years, 2001

0-5 years, 2000

0-5 years, 1999

0-5 years, 1998

0-5 years, 1997