• Overview
  • Obesity prevalence
  • Trends over time
  • Population breakdowns
  • Drivers
  • Comorbidities
  • Economic impact
  • Policies
  • Contextual factors
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Report cards

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Contextual factors

Obesity prevalence

Adults, 2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2022 Data. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_hch10/default/table?lang=en (last accessed 24.07.25)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2020

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Sample size:9598
Area covered:National
References:Fontbonne A, Currie A, Tounian P, Picot MC, Foulatier O, Nedelcu M, Nocca D. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in France: The 2020 Obepi-Roche Study by the "Ligue Contre l'Obésité". J Clin Med. 2023 Jan 25;12(3):925. doi: 10.3390/jcm12030925. PMID: 36769573; PMCID: PMC9918095.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. Data available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2017

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2015

Survey type:Measured
Age:18-74
Sample size:2467
Area covered:National
References:http://invs.santepubliquefrance.fr/beh/2017/13/pdf/2017_13_1.pdf
Notes:NB. Combined adult data estimated. These estimates were calculated by weighting male and female survey results. Weighting based on World Bank Population % total female 2019 (https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS - accessed 30.09.20)'
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2006-2007

Survey type:Measured
Age:18-74
Sample size:3115
Area covered:National
References:National Study Nutrition Health, ENNS, 2006.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2000-2003

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:15+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat Yearbook 2006/07. A goldmine of statistical information. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/documents/2995521/5059290/1-20022007-BP-EN.PDF.pdf/edab8c31-b9f3-4c8e-b4db-4137bd045efa?t=1414683510000 (last accessed 04.11.21)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 1994

Survey type:Measured
Age:25-79
Sample size:467536
References:AFERO, ALFEDIAM, SNDLF. Recommandations pour le diagnostic, la prevention et le traitement de l'obesite. Societe de Nutrition et de Dietetique de Langue Francaise 1008;33:S1-48
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Children, 2021-2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:13
References:Rakic JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Notes:HBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

Children, 2016

Survey type:Measured
Age:7-9
Sample size:5,071
Area covered:National
References:Santepublique France., (2016). CORPULENCE DES ENFANTS DE 7 À 9 ANS SCOLARISÉS EN CE1-CE2 EN FRANCE EN 2016. Available: http://invs.santepubliquefrance.fr/fr/Publications-et-outils/Rapports-et-syntheses/Maladies-chroniques-et-traumatismes/2018/Corpulence-des-enfants-de-7-a-9-ans-scolarises-en-CE1-CE2-en-France-en-2016. [Last accessed 13th September 2018].
Cutoffs:IOTF

Children, 2016-2017

Survey type:Measured
Age:14-15
Sample size:7242
Area covered:National
References:Nathalie Guignon (2019, août). En 2017, des adolescents plutôt en meilleure santé physique mais plus souvent en surcharge pondérale. Études et résultats, 1122. Available at: https://drees.solidarites-sante.gouv.fr/publications/etudes-et-resultats/en-2017-des-adolescents-plutot-en-meilleure-sante-physique-mais. Last accessed: 05.05.21.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Children, 2016

Survey type:Measured
Age:7
Sample size:1966
Area covered:National
References:Report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI).
Cutoffs:WHO

Children, 2016

Survey type:Measured
Age:8
Sample size:2333
Area covered:National
References:WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI): report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2021. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Cutoffs:WHO

Children, 2015

Survey type:Measured
Age:6-17
Sample size:1099
Area covered:National
References:http://invs.santepubliquefrance.fr/beh/2017/13/pdf/2017_13_1.pdf
Cutoffs:IOTF

Children, 2006-2007

Survey type:Measured
Age:3-17
Sample size:1446
Area covered:National
References:Lioret S, Touvier M, Dubuisson C, Dufour A, Calmassi-Tran G, Lafay L, Volatier J-L and Maire B. Trends in child overweight rates and energy intake in French from 1997 - 2007 and soc-econmic status. Obesity. [Epub ahead of print].
Cutoffs:IOTF

Children, 1994

Survey type:Measured
Age:10
Sample size:5407
Area covered:National
References:Bellizzi MC, Horgan GW, Guillaume M, Dietz WH. Prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in Asian and European countries. In: Obesity in Childhood and Adolescence. Editors: Chunming Chen, William H. Dietz. Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series Pediatric Program. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2002.
Notes:Boys = 2774 Girls = 2633
Cutoffs:IOTF

Overweight/obesity by age and education

Adults, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2017

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2017

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Overweight/obesity by education

Adults, 2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:16+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2022 Data. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_hch10/default/table?lang=en (last accessed 19.03.25)
Notes:EUROSTAT 2022 data derived from EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) survey which includes adults aged 16+ years. This differs from most EUROSTAT data which is derived from the Health Interview Surveys, which includes adults aged 15+ years (though sometimes only data from adults aged 18+ reported)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:16+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2022 Data. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_hch10/default/table?lang=en (last accessed 19.03.25)
Notes:EUROSTAT 2022 data derived from EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) survey which includes adults aged 16+ years. This differs from most EUROSTAT data which is derived from the Health Interview Surveys, which includes adults aged 15+ years (though sometimes only data from adults aged 18+ reported)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:16+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2022 Data. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_hch10/default/table?lang=en (last accessed 19.03.25)
Notes:EUROSTAT 2022 data derived from EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) survey which includes adults aged 16+ years. This differs from most EUROSTAT data which is derived from the Health Interview Surveys, which includes adults aged 15+ years (though sometimes only data from adults aged 18+ reported)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Sample size:Total sample size in EU = 35100 (Age 18+)
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 9 November 2016)
Notes:Less than primary, primary and lower secondary education (levels 0-2) Upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education (levels 3 and 4) Tertiary education (levels 5-8)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Sample size:Total sample size in EU = 35100 (Age 18+)
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 9 November 2016)
Notes:Less than primary, primary and lower secondary education (levels 0-2) Upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education (levels 3 and 4) Tertiary education (levels 5-8)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2008

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:EUROSTAT Database http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/health/health-status-determinants/data/database# (last accessed 17th July 2015)
Notes:Definitions are: levels 0-2 = pre-primary, primary and lower secondary education levels 3-4 = upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education levels 5-6 = first and second stage of tertiary education
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2008

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:EUROSTAT Database http://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/health/health-status-determinants/data/database# (last accessed 17th July 2015)
Notes:Definitions are: levels 0-2 = pre-primary, primary and lower secondary education levels 3-4 = upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education levels 5-6 = first and second stage of tertiary education
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Boys, 2015

Survey type:Measured
Age:6-17
Sample size:1,104
Area covered:National
References:SANTÉ PUBLIQUE FRANCE / Étude de santé sur l’environnement, la biosurveillance, l’activité physique et la nutrition (Esteban) 2014-2016. Volet Nutrition. Chapitre Corpulence. https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/determinants-de-sante/nutrition-et-activite-physique/documents/rapport-synthese/etude-de-sante-sur-l-environnement-la-biosurveillance-l-activite-physique-et-la-nutrition-esteban-2014-2016.-volet-nutrition.-chapitre-corpulence [Accessed 24.07.35]
Notes:< Baccalaureate = no diploma or certificate of primary studies, Bac, BP = general, technological or vocational baccalaureate, professional or technician, BEA, BEC, EIB, BEH, legal capacity, Bac +1 to Bac +3 = 1st cycle university diploma, bac +3, bachelor's degree, BTS, DUT, DEUG, diploma in social or health professions, diploma in nursing, > Bac +3 = 2nd or 3rd cycle diploma university [including medicine, pharmacy, dental], master,doctorate, engineering degree, diploma of a large school.
Definitions:Parental education.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Girls, 2015

Survey type:Measured
Age:6-17
Sample size:1,104
Area covered:National
References:SANTÉ PUBLIQUE FRANCE / Étude de santé sur l’environnement, la biosurveillance, l’activité physique et la nutrition (Esteban) 2014-2016. Volet Nutrition. Chapitre Corpulence. https://www.santepubliquefrance.fr/determinants-de-sante/nutrition-et-activite-physique/documents/rapport-synthese/etude-de-sante-sur-l-environnement-la-biosurveillance-l-activite-physique-et-la-nutrition-esteban-2014-2016.-volet-nutrition.-chapitre-corpulence [Accessed 24.07.35]
Notes:< Baccalaureate = no diploma or certificate of primary studies, Bac, BP = general, technological or vocational baccalaureate, professional or technician, BEA, BEC, EIB, BEH, legal capacity, Bac +1 to Bac +3 = 1st cycle university diploma, bac +3, bachelor's degree, BTS, DUT, DEUG, diploma in social or health professions, diploma in nursing, > Bac +3 = 2nd or 3rd cycle diploma university [including medicine, pharmacy, dental], master,doctorate, engineering degree, diploma of a large school.
Definitions:Parental education.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Children, 2006-2007

Survey type:Measured
Age:3-14
Sample size:955
Area covered:National
References:Lioret S, Touvier M, Dubuisson C, Dufour A, Calamassi-Tran G, Lafay L, Volatier JL, Maire B. Trends in child overweight rates and energy intake in France from 1999 to 2007: relationships with socioeconomic status.Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 May;17(5):1092-100. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.619. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
Notes:Education level for the head of the household
Cutoffs:Other

Overweight/obesity by age

Adults, 2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2022. https://doi.org/10.2908/ILC_HCH10 [Accessed 18.07.25]
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2020

Survey type:Self-reported
Sample size:9598
Area covered:National
References:Fontbonne A, Currie A, Tounian P, Picot MC, Foulatier O, Nedelcu M, Nocca D. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in France: The 2020 Obepi-Roche Study by the "Ligue Contre l'Obésité". J Clin Med. 2023 Jan 25;12(3):925. doi: 10.3390/jcm12030925. PMID: 36769573; PMCID: PMC9918095.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2017

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2015

Survey type:Measured
Sample size:2467
Area covered:National
References:http://invs.santepubliquefrance.fr/beh/2017/13/pdf/2017_13_1.pdf
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2006

Survey type:Self-reported
Sample size:22374
Area covered:National
References:Charles MA, Eschwege E, Basdevant A. Monitoring the Obesity Epidemic in France: The Obepi Surveys 1997-2006. Obesity (2008) 16:2182-2186
Notes:Trend data available for years 1997, 2000 and 2003.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2006

Survey type:Measured
Sample size:3115
Area covered:National
References:"Étude nationale nutrition santé ENNS, 2006 Situation nutritionnelle en France en 2006 selon les indicateurs d’objectif et les repères du Programme national nutrition santé (PNNS). Institut de veille sanitaire."
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Children, 2021-2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:See Report
References:Rakić JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Notes:HBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

Children, 2015

Survey type:Measured
Sample size:1099
Area covered:National
References:http://invs.santepubliquefrance.fr/beh/2017/13/pdf/2017_13_1.pdf
Notes:IOTF Cut-off used
Cutoffs:IOTF

Children, 2015-2017

Survey type:Measured
Sample size:4299
Area covered:National
References:WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) Report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017 (2021). Available at: https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/nutrition/activities/who-european-childhood-obesity-surveillance-initiative-cosi/cosi-publications/who-european-childhood-obesity-surveillance-initiative-cosi-report-on-the-fourth-round-of-data-collection,-20152017-2021. Accessed 19.05.21.
Cutoffs:WHO

Children, 2006

Survey type:Measured
Sample size:1446
Area covered:National
References:Étude nationale nutrition santé ENNS, 2006 Situation nutritionnelle en France en 2006 selon les indicateurs d’objectif et les repères du Programme national nutrition santé(PNNS). Institut de veille sanitaire.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Overweight/obesity by region

Adults, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. https://doi.org/10.2908/HLTH_EHIS_BM1U [Accessed 18.07.25]
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. https://doi.org/10.2908/HLTH_EHIS_BM1U [Accessed 18.07.25]
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. https://doi.org/10.2908/HLTH_EHIS_BM1U [Accessed 18.07.25]
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2006

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:15+
Sample size:22374
Area covered:National
References:ObÉpi-Roche 2006. 4ème enquête épidémiologique nationalesurl’obésité et le surpoids en France
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Children, 2014-2015

Survey type:Measured
Age:10-11
Sample size:8124
Area covered:National
References:L’état de santé de la population en France RAPPORT 2017. Available at: https://drees.solidarites-sante.gouv.fr/sites/default/files/2021-01/Rapport-ESPF-2017.pdf. Last accessed: 04.05.21.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Overweight/obesity by age and region

Men, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1u&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1u&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Overweight/obesity by age and socio-economic group

Adults, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21).
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Overweight/obesity by socio-economic group

Adults, 2020

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Sample size:9598
Area covered:National
References:Fontbonne A, Currie A, Tounian P, Picot MC, Foulatier O, Nedelcu M, Nocca D. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in France: The 2020 Obepi-Roche Study by the "Ligue Contre l'Obésité". J Clin Med. 2023 Jan 25;12(3):925. doi: 10.3390/jcm12030925. PMID: 36769573; PMCID: PMC9918095.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. https://doi.org/10.2908/HLTH_EHIS_BM1I [Accessed 24.07.25]
Notes:1st income quintile (lowest) to 5th (highest)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. https://doi.org/10.2908/HLTH_EHIS_BM1I [Accessed 24.07.25]
Notes:1st income quintile (lowest) to 5th (highest)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2019

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2019. https://doi.org/10.2908/HLTH_EHIS_BM1I [Accessed 24.07.25]
Notes:1st income quintile (lowest) to 5th (highest)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Sample size:Total sample number in EU: 35100 (Age 18+)
Area covered:National
References:EUROSTAT Database: http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 9 November 2016)
Notes:1st Quintile (lowest income), 5th Quintile (highest income) Please note where data = zero, there were insufficient data.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Sample size:Total sample number in EU: 35100 (Age 18+)
Area covered:National
References:EUROSTAT Database: http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 9 November 2016)
Notes:1st Quintile (lowest income), 5th Quintile (highest income) Please note where data = zero, there were insufficient data.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Adults, 2006

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:15+
Sample size:22374
Area covered:National
References:ObÉpi-Roche 2006. 4ème enquête épidémiologique nationalesurl’obésité et le surpoids en France
Notes:Monthly based net household income
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Boys, 2021-2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:11-15
References:Raki? JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Notes:Family affluence scaleHBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

Girls, 2021-2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:11-15
References:Raki? JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Notes:Family affluence scaleHBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD

Children, 2016-2017

Survey type:Measured
Age:14-15
Sample size:7242
Area covered:National
References:Nathalie Guignon (2019, août). En 2017, des adolescents plutôt en meilleure santé physique mais plus souvent en surcharge pondérale. Études et résultats, 1122. Available at: https://drees.solidarites-sante.gouv.fr/publications/etudes-et-resultats/en-2017-des-adolescents-plutot-en-meilleure-sante-physique-mais. Last accessed: 05.05.21.
Definitions:SIMD groupings as defined by publication of origin.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Children, 2006-2007

Survey type:Measured
Age:3-14
Sample size:922
Area covered:National
References:Lioret S, Touvier M, Dubuisson C, Dufour A, Calamassi-Tran G, Lafay L, Volatier JL, Maire B. Trends in child overweight rates and energy intake in France from 1999 to 2007: relationships with socioeconomic status.Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 May;17(5):1092-100. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.619. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
Notes:SES based on occupational status of the head of household.
Cutoffs:Other

Children, 1998-1999

Survey type:Measured
Age:3-14
Sample size:966
Area covered:National
References:Lioret S, Touvier M, Dubuisson C, Dufour A, Calamassi-Tran G, Lafay L, Volatier JL, Maire B. Trends in child overweight rates and energy intake in France from 1999 to 2007: relationships with socioeconomic status.Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 May;17(5):1092-100. doi: 10.1038/oby.2008.619. Epub 2009 Jan 15.
Notes:SES status based on occupational status of the head of household.
Cutoffs:Other

Overweight/obesity by age and limited activity

Adults, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2014 available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do (last accessed 06.10.21)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Men, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2014 available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do (last accessed 06.10.21)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2014

Survey type:Self-reported
Area covered:National
References:Eurostat 2014 available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/submitViewTableAction.do (last accessed 06.10.21)
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Double burden of underweight & overweight

Adults, 2022

Survey type:Measured
Age:20+
References:NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Notes:Age Standardised estimates
Definitions:Combined prevalence of BMI<18.5 kg/m² and BMI>=30 kg/m² (double burden of underweight and obesity)

Children, 2022

Survey type:Measured
Age:5-19
References:NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Notes:Age standardised estimates
Definitions:Combined prevalence of BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD (double burden of thinness and obesity)
Cutoffs:BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD

Insufficient physical activity

Adults, 2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definitions:Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

Men, 2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definitions:Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

Women, 2022

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:18+
Area covered:National
References:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definitions:Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

Adults, 2016

References:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Men, 2016

References:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Women, 2016

References:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Boys, 2022

References:Rakić JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (2023), Data browser (findings from the 2021/22 international HBSC survey): https://data-browser.hbsc.org.
Notes:Young people were asked to report the number of days over the past week during which they were physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes. The question was introduced by text defining moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) as any activity that increases the heart rate and makes the person get out of breath some of the time, with examples provided. Findings presented on the Observatory show the proportions who report less than 60 minutes of MVPA daily.
Definitions:% reporting less than 60 minutes of MVPA daily

Girls, 2022

References:Rakić JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (2023), Data browser (findings from the 2021/22 international HBSC survey): https://data-browser.hbsc.org.
Notes:Young people were asked to report the number of days over the past week during which they were physically active for a total of at least 60 minutes. The question was introduced by text defining moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) as any activity that increases the heart rate and makes the person get out of breath some of the time, with examples provided. Findings presented on the Observatory show the proportions who report less than 60 minutes of MVPA daily.
Definitions:% reporting less than 60 minutes of MVPA daily

Children, 2016

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:11-17
References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Notes:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitions:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Boys, 2016

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:11-17
References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Notes:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitions:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Girls, 2016

Survey type:Self-reported
Age:11-17
References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Notes:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitions:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Children, 2010

Age:11-17
References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Notes:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitions:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Boys, 2010

Age:11-17
References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Notes:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitions:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Girls, 2010

Age:11-17
References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Notes:% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitions:% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)

Sugar consumption

Adults, 2016

References:Source: Euromonitor International
Definitions:Sugar consumption (Number of 500g sugar portions/person/month)

Estimated per capita sugar sweetened beverages intake

Adults, 2016

References:Source: Euromonitor International

Prevalence of at least daily carbonated soft drink consumption

Boys, 2021-2022

Area covered:National
References:Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (2023), Data browser (findings from the 2021/22 international HBSC survey): https://data-browser.hbsc.org
Definitions:Proportion who reported drinking sugary soft drinks daily (at least once)

Girls, 2021-2022

Area covered:National
References:Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (2023), Data browser (findings from the 2021/22 international HBSC survey): https://data-browser.hbsc.org
Definitions:Proportion who reported drinking sugary soft drinks daily (at least once)

Boys, 2017-2018

Area covered:National
References:Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (2020), Data browser (findings from the 2017/18 international HBSC survey): https://data-browser.hbsc.org.
Definitions:Proportion who reported drinking sugary soft drinks daily (at least once)

Girls, 2017-2018

Area covered:National
References:Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study (2020), Data browser (findings from the 2017/18 international HBSC survey): https://data-browser.hbsc.org.
Definitions:Proportion who reported drinking sugary soft drinks daily (at least once)

Children, 2014

Survey type:Measured
References:World Health Organization. (2017). Adolescent obesity and related behaviours: Trends and inequalities in the who european region, 2002-2014: observations from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) WHO collaborative cross-national study (J. Inchley, D. Currie, J. Jewel, J. Breda, & V. Barnekow, Eds.). World Health Organization. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org
Notes:15-year-old adolescents
Definitions:Prevalence of at least daily carbonated soft drink consumption (% of at least daily carbonated soft drink consumption)

Prevalence of confectionery consumption

Adults, 2016

References:Source: Euromonitor International
Definitions:Prevalence of confectionery consumption (Number of 50g confectionery portions/person/month)

Prevalence of sweet/savoury snack consumption

Adults, 2016

References:Source: Euromonitor International
Definitions:Prevalence of sweet/savoury snack consumption (Number of 35g sweet/savoury snack portions/person/month)

Estimated per capita fruit intake

Adults, 2017

Survey type:Measured
Age:25+
References:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitions:Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day)

Prevalence of less than daily fruit consumption

Children, 2014

Survey type:Measured
References:Global School-based Student Health Surveys. Beal et al (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287. Sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Definitions:Prevalence of less-than-daily fruit consumption (% less-than-daily fruit consumption)

Prevalence of less than daily vegetable consumption

Children, 2014

Survey type:Measured
Age:12-17
References:Beal et al. (2019). Global Patterns of Adolescent Fruit, Vegetable, Carbonated Soft Drink, and Fast-food consumption: A meta-analysis of global school-based student health surveys. Food and Nutrition Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1177/0379572119848287 sourced from Food Systems Dashboard http://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org/food-system
Definitions:Prevalence of less-than-daily vegetable consumption (% less-than-daily vegetable consumption)

Estimated per-capita processed meat intake

Adults, 2017

Survey type:Measured
Age:25+
References:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitions:Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)

Estimated per capita whole grains intake

Adults, 2017

Survey type:Measured
Age:25+
References:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitions:Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day)

Mental health - depression disorders

Adults, 2021

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)

Men, 2021

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)

Women, 2021

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)

Adults, 2015-2021

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with depression disorders

Adults, 2015-2021

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with depression disorders

Men, 2015-2021

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with depression disorders

Women, 2015-2021

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with depression disorders

Children, 2021

Area covered:National
References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)

Boys, 2021

Area covered:National
References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)

Girls, 2021

Area covered:National
References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitions:Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)

Mental health - anxiety disorders

Adults, 2021

Age:20+
References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definitions:Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population

Men, 2021

Age:20+
References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definitions:Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population

Women, 2021

Age:20+
References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definitions:Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population

Adults, 2015-2021

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with anxiety disorders

Adults, 2015-2021

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with anxiety disorders

Men, 2015-2021

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with anxiety disorders

Women, 2015-2021

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with anxiety disorders

Children, 2021

References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)

Boys, 2021

References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)

Girls, 2021

References:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)

Percent of population who cannot afford a healthy diet

Adults, 2022

Area covered:National
References:The Food Systems Dashboard. The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), The Columbia Climate School, and Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. 2024. Geneva, Switzerland. https://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36072/db.

Oesophageal cancer

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Indicence per 100,000

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Indicence per 100,000

Men, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Women, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Breast cancer

Women, 2022

Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Notes:Age 20+
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Colorectal cancer

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Men, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Women, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Pancreatic cancer

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Men, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Women, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Gallbladder cancer

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Indicence per 100,000

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Indicence per 100,000

Men, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Women, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Kidney cancer

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Men, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Women, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Cancer of the uterus

Women, 2022

Age:20+
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Women, 2020-2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2137
Definitions:Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Raised blood pressure

Adults, 2015

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Men, 2015

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Women, 2015

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Raised cholesterol

Adults, 2008

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitions:% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Men, 2008

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitions:% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Women, 2008

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitions:% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Raised fasting blood glucose

Men, 2014

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Women, 2014

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Diabetes prevalence

Adults, 2024

References:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 11th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2025. http://www.diabetesatlas.org

Adults, 2021

Age:20-79
Area covered:National
References:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation.  IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitions:Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, %

Adults, 2019

Age:20-79
References:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitions:Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Adults, 2017

References:Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitions:Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Ovarian Cancer

Women, 2022

Age:20+
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Leukemia

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Leukemia

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Liver and intrahepatic bile duct Cancer

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Multiple Myeloma

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Indicence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Indicence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².

Thyroid Cancer

Men, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Women, 2022

Age:20+
Area covered:National
References:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitions:Incidence per 100,000

Economic impact of overweight and obesity

Country comparisons

You can choose to compare this country’s data with the data for up to four other countries.

Policies, Interventions and Actions

Care pathway guide: overweight and obesity in adults

This guide describes the care, support and overall follow-up of adults with overweight or obesity. It reasserts the importance of early identification, coupled with a lifestyle assessment. It details the role of professionals (health, social and medico-social field, adapted physical activity, occupational health) and looks at the situations in which the person’s primary care physician may consult them.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2024 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults
Organisation:HAS
Linked document:Download linked document
References:HAS. Care pathway guide: overweight and obesity in adults • January 2023 Updated on February 2024 All documents are available to download at www.has-sante.fr

Commercial Determinants of Noncommunicable Diseases in the WHO European Region

This report highlights the substantial impact of commercial determinants on noncommunicable diseases (‎NCDs)‎ in the WHO European Region. Nearly 7500 deaths per day in the Region are attributed to commercial determinants, such as tobacco, alcohol,processed food, fossil fuels and occupational practices. These commercial products and practices contribute to 25% of all deaths in the Region. The report’s chapters systematically explore various facets of how commercial interests exacerbate NCDs and key strategies used by commercial actors to negatively influence NCD-related policies at the national and international level. The reportalso provides selected case studies from the Region to illustrate key strategies and outcomes of industry influence on health policies.The report then calls for urgent and coordinated action to address the commercial determinants of NCDs. It advocates for building coalitions based on the values of equity, sustainability, and resilience. Public health actors are urged to develop competencies in economic and legal frameworks, enforce transparency, and manage conflicts of interest effectively. The report underscores the need for robust financial reforms and strict regulation to curb industry power and protect public health. By implementing these strategies, the Region can accelerate progress towards global NCD targets and Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2024 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:World Health Organisation (WHO)
Linked document:Download linked document
References:World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (‎2024)‎. Commercial Determinants of Noncommunicable Diseases in the WHO European Region. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/376957. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO

JA PreventNCD

Joint Action to Prevent Non-Communicable Diseases and Cancer (JA Prevent NCD) is a three year project funded by the EUforHealth 2021-2027 programme. It is designed to reduce the burden of cancer and NCDs across Europe by supporting member states (22 EU member states and Iceland, Norway, and Ukraine) to implement effective prevention strategies by focusing on both personal and societal risk factors. The project aims to reduce fragmentation and duplication of actions.

Categories:Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy/Recommendations or Action Plan
Evidence of NCD strategy
Year(s):2024-2027
Organisation:EUforHealth 2021-2027
Find out more:preventncd.eu

PNNS Training

Cnam-ISTNA offers a range of training programmes, in conjunction with PNNS, to improve knowledge of nutrition and physical activity and develop skills to develop or lead nutritional projects. The programmes are intended for health and social work professionals, dietitians, association leaders, community stakeholders, childminders, businesses and employees.

Categories:Training
Year(s):2024 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults
Organisation:National Conservatory of Arts and Crafts - Scientific and Technical Institute of Nutrition and Food (Cnam-ISTNA)
Find out more:sante.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

Care pathway guide: overweight and obesity in children and adolescents

This guide updates the good practice guidelines "Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents" published in 2011. This guide describes the care, support and medical follow-up of children/adolescents with overweight or obesity. It reasserts the importance of early identification, coupled with a lifestyle assessment. It details the role of each of the professionals involved in the care pathway, and looks at the situations in which they may be called upon.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2023 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
Organisation:Haute Autorite de Sante
Linked document:Download linked document
References:HAS. : Overweight and obesity in children and adolescents: 10 key messages to improve practices - February 2022 Update February 2023 All publications can be downloaded at www.has-sante.fr

PNNS Charter

The new PNNS charter of commitments was launched in 2023. It contains commitments to promote healthy food and physical activity for municipalities, departments, private or public companies businesses and associations. This may involve health education, nutrition training, improving food supply, and providing opportunities for physical activities. Companies and communities that commit to the PNNS charter receive a PNNS logo. Signatories can be based in mainland France and/or overseas territories. (Document only available in French)

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Industry/Government regulations - voluntary /pledges
Year(s):2023 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Labour, Health, Solidarity and Families
Find out more:sante.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

Specialised Obesity Centres (CSOs)

Specialised obesity care centres (CSOs) are responsible for providing multidisciplinary care for people with severe and/or complex obesity. There are 37 CSOs located in mainland France and overseas (Guadeloupe, La Réunion and Martinique) attached to public and private healthcare institutions.

Categories:Evidence of Multidisciplinary Intervention
Year(s):2023 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Health and Prevention
Find out more:sante.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

Ten-Year Cancer Strategy 2021-2030

The ten-year cancer strategy aims to reduce preventable cancers and increase screenings. It focuses on improving prevention and screening, limiting after-effects, fighting cancers with a poor prognosis, and ensuring progress benefits everyone. One of its objectives to improve prevention is to reduce overweight prevalence by 20% in adults and 30% in children by 2030. (Document in French)

Categories:Evidence of NCD strategy
Evidence of Obesity Target
Year(s):2021-2030
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:National Cancer Institute, Ministry of Health and Prevention
Find out more:www.cancer.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

Strasbourg - Cities for Better Health

Strasbourg joined the Cities for Better Health programme in 2020, aiming to prevent diabetes and obesity, especially in children and vulnerable groups. The city has developed physical activity programmes for schools and adults, and installed greenhouses for nutrition education.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Non-national obesity strategies
Year(s):2020 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Cities for Better Health
Find out more:www.citiesforbetterhealth.com

Towards sustainable food: A major health, social, territorial and environmental issue for France

Government report outline strategies for sustainable food. Both a short 20 point brief and full report are available.

Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2020 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Government
Find out more:www.senat.fr
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Vers une alimentation durable : Un enjeu sanitaire, social, territorial et environnemental majeur pour la France Rapport d'information de Mme Françoise CARTRON et M. Jean-Luc FICHET, fait au nom de la délégation sénatoriale à la prospective n° 476 (2019-2020) - 28 mai 2020

2019 Recommendations for eating, physical activity and physical inactivity for adults

Recommendations for adults on diet and physical activity (& inactivity), taking into consideration the population's knowledge, behaviour and beliefs.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults
Organisation:Sante Publique France
Find out more:invs.santepubliquefrance.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

Annex III to Regulation (EC) No 1925/2006 of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards trans fat, other than trans fat naturally occurring in fat of animal origin

Measures to limit or virtually eliminate industrially-produced trans fatty acids in food intended for the final consumer and/or for supply to retail. Adopted by The European Commission from April 2019. (Available in multiple languages)

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:The European Commission
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/36162 (last accessed 12.07.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

European practical and patient-centred guidelines for adult obesity management in primary care

This article aims to provide obesity management guidelines specifically tailored to GPs, favouring a practical patient-centred approach. The focus is on GP communication and motivational interviewing as well as on therapeutic patient education. The new guidelines highlight the importance of avoiding stigmatization, something frequently seen in different health care settings. In addition, managing the psychological aspects of the disease, such as improving self-esteem, body image and quality of life must not be neglected.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Dominique Durrer Schutz, Luca Busetto, Dror Dicker, Nathalie Farpour-Lambert, Rachel Pryke, Hermann Toplak, Daniel Widmer, Volkan Yumuk, Yves Schutz; European Practical and Patient-Centred Guidelines for Adult Obesity Management in Primary Care. Obes Facts 15 March 2019; 12 (1): 40–66. https://doi.org/10.1159/000496183

Multidisciplinary educational healthcare circuit for bariatric surgery in France.

Educational healthcare circuit for bariatric surgery which offers a multidisciplinary approach based on medical, psychological and dietetic expertise to combat obesity proves to be a feasibile alternative to usual care in France.

Categories:Health Effectiveness Reviews (obesity related)
Evidence of Multidisciplinary Intervention
Year(s):2019
Target age group:Adults and children
Find out more:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Duenas et al. 2019. Cost-effectiveness of an educational healthcare circuit for bariatric surgery in France. Public Health.172, pp. 43-51.

National Council for Collective Catering (CNRC)

The CNRC was set up in 2019 to monitor obligations set by the EGAlim law and the Climate and Resilience law to ensure that at least 50% of food served in collective catering is high-quality and sustainable, including at least 20% organic products. In 2024, another commitment was made to ensure that 60% of products in the “meat” and “fish” categories are high-quality and sustainable.

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Industry/Government regulations - voluntary /pledges
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults
Organisation:Ministry of Agriculture and Food Sovereignty
Find out more:agriculture.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

National Nutrition and Health Programme (PNNS) 2019-2023

The National Nutrition and Health Programme, originally launched in 2001, aims to improve the health of the French population through nutrition and physical activity. The 4th PNNS outlines key strategies to achieve this goal over the 2019 to 2023 period, including improving the nutritional quality of food, reducing marketing pressure, promoting active transport, supporting food education and physical activity in schools, improving healthcare for obesity, and promoting breastfeeding.. It sets specific objectives to reduce the prevalence of obesity in adults by 15% and stabilise the prevalence of overweight, and to reduce the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents by 20%. (Available in French and English)

Categories:Evidence of Obesity Target
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Categories (partial):Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Year(s):2019-2023
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Minsitry of Health
Find out more:sante.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document
References:PROGRAMME NATIONAL NUTRITION SANTÉ 2019-2023. Ministre des Solidarités et de la Santé.

National Sport Health Strategy 2019-2024

This strategy aims to improve the health of the French population by promoting physical activity and sport for everyone, on a daily basis, at all times of life.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2019-2024
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Solidarity and Health, Ministry of Sports
Find out more:www.sports.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

Obesity Management 2019-2022 Roadmap

Roadmap which aims to aims to structure and implement coordinated and graded health care programs that are suitable for those who are obese or at risk of becoming obese. particularly to reduce inequalities of access to care and improve the quality of care.

Categories:Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Year(s):2019-2022
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Labour, Health, Solidarity and Families
Find out more:sante.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

The French National Nutrition and Health Program

In France, the recommendations on diet and physical activity are elaborated and disseminated by the public health authorities since the implementation of the first National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS) in 2001. The first official FBDGs were published in 2002 for adults, in 2004 for children, in 2006 for the elderly, and in 2008 for pregnant women. The revised version of the guidelines for adults was published in 2019. The new guidelines for children from birth to 17 years old and adolescents will be published in 2021. Other revised guidelines for elderly and pregnant women will be published in 2022.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2019-2021
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Health
References:http://www.fao.org/nutrition/education/food-dietary-guidelines/regions/countries/france/en/

National Health Strategy 2018-2022

National strategy aiming to reduce chronic diseases and their consequences, promote a healthy lifestyle, and ensure the health system is adapting to demographic, epidemiological and societal challenges amongst other goals. (Summary available in English)

Categories:Evidence of NCD strategy
Year(s):2018-2022
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Labour, Health, Solidarity and Families
Find out more:sante.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

Priority on Prevention: Staying healthy for life

The Priority Prevention plan is an intersectoral project to improve the health of the population by addressing the determinants of health across all stages of life. It aims to reduce avoidable premature death, and is part of the National Health Strategy 2018-22. (Document in English)

Categories:Evidence of NCD strategy
Categories (partial):Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Labour, Health, Solidarity and Families
Find out more:sante.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

The effect of the French vending machine ban on school snacking and sugar intake

This study found that the vending machine ban generated a 10g reduction in sugar intakes from morning snacks at school, and a significant reduction in their frequency. However, they found no evidence that the ban affected total daily intakes, suggesting compensation effects.

Categories:Health Effectiveness Reviews (obesity related)
Year(s):2018
Find out more:pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
References:Capacci S et al. (2018) Breaking habits: the effect of the french vending machine ban on school snacking and sugar intakes. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 27(1), 88-111

Update on Soda Tax

The new tax, which is part of the government's 2018 Social Security budget, is an update of the initial "soda tax" that was brought in in 2013 whereby fizzy drinks with added sugar was taxed at €7.5 euros a hectolitre (equal to 100 litres). A sliding scale tax will be introduced in 2018 for drinks that contain 1g of sugar per 100ml. It will rise to the point where the most sugary drinks will be taxed at €20 a hectolitre for drinks that contain more than 11g of sugar per 100ml.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Government
Find out more:www.thelocal.fr
References:https://www.thelocal.fr/20171027/france-tackles-obesity-by-hiking-soda-tax-on-sugary-drinks

Ban on unlimited sugary drink refills

The Order of 18 January 2017 prohibits the provision of unlimited drinks, free or for a fixed price, with the addition of sugars or artificial sweeteners. Restaurants and other spaces catering to the public in France have been banned from offering unlimited sugary drinks in an effort to reduce obesity.

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Government
Find out more:www.legifrance.gouv.fr

Nutri-score Labelling

The French government signed a decree backing the voluntary adoption of the 'Nutri-Score' front-of-pack nutritional labelling scheme (31 October 2017).

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Government
Find out more:www.foodnavigator.com
References:https://www.foodnavigator.com/Article/2017/10/31/Nutri-Score-labelling-comes-into-force-in-France?utm_source=copyright&utm_medium=OnSite&utm_campaign=copyright

School Fruit, Vegetables and Milk Scheme

"Applicable since 1 August 2017, the EU school fruit, vegetables and milk scheme combines two previous schemes (the school fruit and vegetables scheme and the school milk scheme) under a single legal framework for more efficiency and an enhanced focus on health and educational. The scheme supports the distribution of products, educational measures and information measures. The scheme supports the distribution of fruit, vegetables, milk and certain milk products to schoolchildren, from nursery to secondary school. EU countries approve a list of products (in collaboration with their health and nutrition authorities) which will help achieve the schemes objective of helping children to follow a healthy diet. Priority is for fresh fruit and vegetables and for plain milk. In order to support a varied diet and/or specific nutritional needs, EU countries may also make processed fruit and vegetables such as juices and soups and certain milk products such as yoghurt and cheese, available. Additionally, under stricter conditions, milk-based drinks may be included." - EU Commission

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Organisation:European Commission
Find out more:ec.europa.eu
References:https://ec.europa.eu/info/food-farming-fisheries/key-policies/common-agricultural-policy/market-measures/school-fruit-vegetables-and-milk-scheme/school-scheme-explained_en

The Public Health Act

There is a ban on unlimited offers of sweetened beverages for free or at a fixed price in schools, public restaurants and any facility used to teach, accommodate or receive children under the age of 18.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
Organisation:French Government
Find out more:Unable to locate further details if you have access please email us at obesity@worldobesity.org

ePPOP- Electronic-personalized program for obesity during pregnancy

ePPOP is an electronic-personalised lifestyle intervention combining nutritional, behavioural and physical activity counselling during pregnancy, to reduce instrumental delivery and improve health of obese pregnant women and their babies.

Categories (partial):Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2016 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults
Organisation:College National des Gynacologues et Obstatriciens Fransais (CNGOF) and 'Be Patient'
Find out more:www.cngof.fr

GNPR 2016-2017: Infant and young child nutrition - Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling

This programme was reported by countries for the 2nd WHO Global Nutrition Policy Review 2016-2017 module on actions related to infant and young child nutrition. Information provided by WHO GINA Programme.

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Year(s):2016 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
Find out more:extranet.who.int
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

Physical activity strategy for the WHO European Region 2016-2025

The strategy focuses on physical activity as a leading factor in health and well-being in the European Region, with particular attention to the burden of non-communicable diseases associated with insufficient activity levels and sedentary behaviour. It aims to cover all forms of physical activity throughout the life-course.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2016-2025
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:WHO Regional Office for Europe
Find out more:www.who.int
Linked document:Download linked document

The European Food and Nutrition Action Plan 2015-2020

The aim on this action plan is to significantly reduce the burden of preventable diet-related non-communicable diseases, obesity and all other forms of malnutrition that are still prevalent in the WHO European Region.

Categories (partial):Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy/Recommendations or Action Plan
Evidence of NCD strategy
Year(s):2015-2020
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:World Health Organisation
Linked document:Download linked document

Charter for the Promotion of Healthy Diets and Physical Activity during TV Programmes and Advertising (updated version)

Food charter that aims to promote a healthy diet on television. Note that the charter was updated in 2013 and applicable from 1 Jan 2014.

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Health and Ministry of Culture and Communication
Find out more:www.culturecommunication.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Ministry of Health and Ministry of Culture and Communication. http://www.culturecommunication.gouv.fr/ (last accessed 11.8.15)

European Union (EU) Action Plan on Childhood Obesity 2014-2020

EU Action plan. To contribute to halting the rise in overweight and obesity in children and young people (0-18 years) by 2020

Categories:Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy/Recommendations or Action Plan
Year(s):2014-2020
Target age group:Children
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Find out more:ec.europa.eu
Linked document:Download linked document
References:EU Action Plan on Childhood Table of contents [Internet]. Available from: https://ec.europa.eu/health/sites/health/files/nutrition_physical_activity/docs/childhoodobesity_actionplan_2014_2020_en.pdf &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;zwnj;

EU Regulation 1169/2011

Passed in 2011, EU Regulation 1169/2011 on the Provision of Food Information to Consumers requires a list of the nutrient content of most pre-packaged food to be provided on the back of the pack from October 2011.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:European Parliament and the Council of the European Union
Find out more:eur-lex.europa.eu
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/22917 (last accessed 28.06.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

Evaluation of the EU school milk and fruit scheme

This report found that the EU School Milk Scheme has had a very limited real impact on schools, and makes recommendations based on its shortcomings for the EU School Fruit Scheme.

Categories:Health Effectiveness Reviews (obesity related)
Year(s):2011
Target age group:Children
Organisation:EUROPEAN COURT OF AUDITORS
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of World Cancer Research Fund International from their NOURISHING framework www.wcrf.org/NOURISHING

French National Nutrition and Health Program 2011-2015 (PNNS)

The PNNS involves the ministries in charge of national education, sports, consumer affairs, social cohesion, and higher education and research to promote healthy eating as part of the nutritional prevention.

Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2011-2015
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Find out more:www.sante.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

Promotion of physical activity in the Youth (Promouvoir lâ activite physique des jeunes)

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
Organisation:National Institute for Prevention and Health Education
Find out more:www.inpes.sante.fr
Linked document:Download linked document

School meal standards Decree No. 2011-1227

Decree No. 2011-1227 set mandatory nutritional standards on schools meals and nutrient content regulations in France.

Categories:Evidence of School Food Regulations
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
Organisation:French Government
References:https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/jorf/id/JORFTEXT000024614716

Education statement on TV advertising

TV advertising of food or drink of low nutiritonal value must be accompanied by a speicific health education statement approved by the National Institute of Health Education

Categories:Industry/Government regulations - voluntary /pledges
Year(s):2007 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:National Institute of Health Education
Linked document:Download linked document

EU health and nutrient claims regulation

Regulation nº 1924/2006 establishes EU-wide rules on the use of specified health and nutrient claims. The European Commission approves claims provided they are based on scientific evidence and accessible consumers. The European Food Safety Authority is responsible for evaluating the scientific evidence supporting health claims. Nutrition claims may only be used on food defined as "healthy" by a nutrient profile.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2006 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:European Commission
Linked document:Download linked document
References:https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/en/ALL/?uri=CELEX%3A32006R1924

Second national nutrition and health programme 2006-2010 (PNNS)

The main role of the PNNS is to encourage various public and private sector players to act, by providing cohesive guidelines, references, government-designed tools and a framework for permanent dialogue.

Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2006-2010
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Health, Youth and Sports
Find out more:www.sante-sports.gouv.fr
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information collated as part of an earlier project between 2008-2011. See http://www.worldobesity.org/what-we-do/policy-prevention/projects/marketing-children/ project/

Eat and Move for Health (La sante vient en mangeant et en bougeant)

Guidelines on nutrition and physical activity - document in French

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2004 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
Organisation:Institut National de Prevention ed d'Education pour la Santé (INPES), Ministère de la Santé
Linked document:Download linked document

Law regarding the public health policy (Law no 2004-806)

The law of August 9, 2004, marked a new era with a step in a new direction for defining a process to develop health policy in France. The five-year law provided a framework to formalize public health objectives. Health policy was articulated around four ambitions: improvement of health outcomes, reduction of inequalities, efficiency of the health system, and the advancement of health democracy.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2004 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Journal Officiel De La Republique Francaise
Find out more:bdoc.ofdt.fr
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of HEPA Europe (European network for the promotion of health-enhancing physical activity): http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/disease-prevention/physical-activity/activities/hepa-europe

The Public Health Act of 2004

"The Public Health Act of 2004, through the implementation of the Second National Nutrition and Health Programme, comprises two articles concerning food advertisements and the banning of food vending machines in schools. The first article stipulates that television and radio commercials for beverages with added sugar, salt or artificial sweeteners and manufactured food products must contain the following health messages: “For the sake of your health, do not eat foods that contain too much fat, sugar or salt”; “For the sake of your health, eat at least five servings of fruit and vegetables every day”; “For the sake of your health, avoid eating snacks”; and “For the sake of your health, do regular physical exercise”. The same obligation applies to the promotion of these beverages and food products (however, advertisers can avoid this by paying a tax equal to 1.5% of the annual amount they pay for advertising these types of product)" - WHO

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2004 (ongoing)
References:https://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0006/155436/e96047.pdf

EPODE (Together Let’s Prevent Childhood Obesity)

"EPODE (Together Let’s Prevent Childhood Obesity) is a methodology designed to involve all relevant local stakeholders in an integrated and concrete prevention program aimed at facilitating the adoption of healthier lifestyles in the everyday life. The programmes developed on the basis of the EPODE framework are long term, aimed at changing the environment and thereby the unhealthy behaviours. The approach is ‘positive, concrete and stepwise’ learning process with no stigmatization of any culture, food habits, overweight and obesity. The first EPODE programme was started in France in the 2003 and EPODE now extends to nearly 1,8 million inhabitants in 167 French cities, 20 cities in Spain and 8 cities in Belgium."

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2003 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
Find out more:www.epode.fr
References:https://epha.org/epode-together-lets-prevent-childhood-obesity/

Multidisciplinary approach to treat childhood obesity based on multicomponent lifestyle interventions and family-based actions

Study assessing the short term and long term impact of paediatric obesity care management offered by nine French regional health networks which is based on multi-component lifestyle interventions.

Categories:Evidence of Multidisciplinary Intervention
Categories (partial):Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Year(s):2003-2015
Target age group:Children
Organisation:Carriere et al
Find out more:www.reppop-bfc.com
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Carriere et al 2019. Short?term and long?term positive outcomes of the multidisciplinary care implemented by the French health networks for the prevention and care of paediatric overweight_x000D__x000D_ and obesity. Paediatric Obesity. DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12522

Health comes through eating (La sante vient en mangeant)

Nutrition programme - see document in French

Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2002 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Institut National de Prevention ed d'Education pour la Santé (INPES), Ministère de la Santé
Linked document:Download linked document
References:La Sante Vient en mangeant le Guide Alimentaire Pour Tous.

ICAPS (Intervention Centred on Adolescents' Physical activity and Sedentary behaviour)

"The ‘Intervention centred on adolescents' physical activity and sedentary behaviour’ (ICAPS) was designed to reduce weight gain and, as an underlying objective, cardiovascular risk in adolescents of eastern France. It is aimed at improving lifelong PA patterns by implementing a programme that motivates and enables adolescents to use opportunities for PA inside and outside school, and also by providing social support and an environment that encourage them towards PA during everyday life and leisure."

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2002 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
References:https://www.nature.com/articles/0802812

National programme for nutrition and health 2001-2005 (PNNS)

A programme containing 9 nutritional objectives to improve the health of the general population.

Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2001-2005
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Find out more:www.medecine-nutrition.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information collated as part of an earlier project between 2008-2011. See http://www.worldobesity.org/what-we-do/policy-prevention/projects/marketing-children/ project/

Active cities

Aims to create a favourable environment for good nutrition in municipalities.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Programme National Nutrition Sante; National Programme for Healthy Nutrition
Find out more:www.reseauvillesactivespnns.fr

NCD targets for France

• Reduce obesity by 15% and stabilise overweight in adults by 2023 • Reduce overweight and obesity in children and teenagers by 20% by 2023

Categories:Evidence of NCD strategy
Target age group:Adults and children
References:https://extranet.who.int/ncdccs/Data/FRA_France_NCD_targets_2019.pdf

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

Contextual factors

Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.

Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.

Labelling

Is there mandatory nutrition labelling?Present
Front-of-package labelling?Present-(voluntary)
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration?Present
Color coding?Present-(voluntary)
Warning label?Absent

Regulation and marketing

Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products?Present
Tax on unhealthy foods?Absent
Tax on unhealthy drinks?Present
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products?Absent
Subsidy on fruits?Absent
Subsidy on vegetables?Absent
Subsidy on other healthy products?Absent
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)?Present
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? Present
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? Absent
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Present
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media?Present
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media?Absent
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools?Present
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products?Absent
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement?Present-(voluntary)

Political will and support

National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy?Present
National obesity strategy?Present
National childhood obesity strategy?Absent
Comprehensive nutrition strategy?Present
Comprehensive physical activity strategy?Present
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs?Present
National target(s) on reducing obesity?Present
Promotion of breastfeeding?Present

Monitoring and surveillance

Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors?Present
Within 5 years?Present

Governance and resource

Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)?Present

Key

Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown

Last updated August 5, 2025

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Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions

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