Serbia
- Overview
- Obesity prevalence
- Trends over time
- Population breakdowns
- Drivers
- Comorbidities
- Economic impact
- Policies
- Contextual factors
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National obesity risk *7/10This is a composite ‘obesity risk’ score (out of 10, the highest risk) based on obesity prevalence, rate of increase, likelihood of meeting the 2025 target, treatment indicator and childhood stunting levels.Childhood obesity risk *7/11This is a ‘risk score’ for each country’s likelihood of having or acquiring a major childhood obesity problem during the 2020s, taking account of current prevalence levels and risk for future obesity (based on stunting among infants, maternal obesity, maternal smoking, and breastfeeding rates).
Obesity prevalence
Trends over time
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The report card collates all the most-recent graphics for this country. If you would like to produce a custom report based on selected graphics, just tap the Add to custom PDF button below the graphics you would like to use.Population breakdowns
Drivers
Comorbidities
Economic impact
Contextual factors
Obesity prevalence
Adults, 2019
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 18+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Eurostat 2019. Data available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2019
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 15+ |
| Sample size: | 11474 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Institute of Public Health of Serbia (2021). THE 2019 SERBIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. Available at https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/pdfE/G20216003.pdf (last accessed 08.06.21) |
| Notes: | Anthropometric measurements taken |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2017
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 18+ |
| References: | EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2013
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 20+ |
| Sample size: | 1246 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Maksimović MŽ, Gudelj Rakić JM, Vlajinac HD, Vasiljević ND, Nikić MI, Marinković JM. Comparison of different anthropometric measures in the adult population in Serbia as indicators of obesity: data from the National Health Survey 2013. Public Health Nutr. 2016 Feb 11:1-10. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2000
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 20+ |
| Sample size: | 9433 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Health status and health needs in Serbia. Expert team of the Institute of Public Health of Serbia. 2002. Dr Ljiljana T. WHO Infobase. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 1985
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 25-64 |
| Sample size: | Not specified |
| References: | WHO Infobase accessed 3rd May 2006. Data from 1985 CINDI study |
| Notes: | This survey covers both Serbia and Montenegro |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Children, 2019
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 7-9 |
| Sample size: | 3179 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Marković L, Đorđić V, Trajković N, Božić P, Halaši S, Cvejić D, Ostojić SM. Childhood Obesity in Serbia on the Rise. Children. 2021; 8(5):409. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8050409. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/5/409/htm (Last Accessed 02.06.21) |
| Notes: | COSI data. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Children, 2019
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 5-14 |
| Sample size: | 1285 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Institute of Public Health of Serbia (2021). THE 2019 SERBIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. Available at https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/pdfE/G20216003.pdf (last accessed 08.06.21) |
| Notes: | The survey had anthropometric measurements measured |
| Definitions: | No details of cut off given |
| Cutoffs: | Not available |
Children, 2018-2020
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Age: | 7 |
| Sample size: | 1019 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Report on the fifth round of data collection, 2018–2020: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
| Cutoffs: | WHO 2007 |
Children, 2015
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 7-9 |
| Sample size: | 4861 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Marković L, Đorđić V, Trajković N, Božić P, Halaši S, Cvejić D, Ostojić SM. Childhood Obesity in Serbia on the Rise. Children. 2021; 8(5):409. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8050409. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/5/409/htm (Last Accessed 02.06.21) |
| Notes: | COSI data. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Children, 2003
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 15 |
| Sample size: | 4643 |
| References: | Personal Communication. Pavlovic M, Vukotic M, Simeunovic S, Nedeljkovie S, Ostojic M, Bajcetic M, Dimitrijevic D. Obesity in Schoolschool Children. Public Health Institiute, Subotica, Serbia & Montenegro. |
| Notes: | IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3 Data is for Serbia & Montenegro Girls = 2282Boys = 2361 |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Children, 2003
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 10 |
| Sample size: | 5566 |
| References: | Personal Communication. Pavlovic M, Vukotic M, Simeunovic S, Nedeljkovie S, Ostojic M, Bajcetic M, Dimitrijevic D. Obesity in School Children. Public Health Institiute, Subotica, Serbia & Montenegro |
| Notes: | IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3._ This survey includes Serbia and Montenegro |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Children, 1998
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 10 |
| Sample size: | 5566 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Personal Communication. Pavlovic M, Vukotic M, Simeunovic S, Nedeljkovie S, Ostojic M, Bajcetic M, Dimitrijevic D. Obesity in Schoolschool Children. Public Health Institiute, Subotica, Serbia & Montenegro |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
% Adults living with obesity, 1985-2019
Women
| Survey type: | Measured |
| References: | 1985: WHO Infobase accessed 3rd May 2006. Data from 1985 CINDI study 2000: Health status and health needs in Serbia. Expert team of the Institute of Public Health of Serbia. 2002. Dr Ljiljana T. WHO Infobase. 2013: Maksimović MŽ, Gudelj Rakić JM, Vlajinac HD, Vasiljević ND, Nikić MI, Marinković JM. Comparison of different anthropometric measures in the adult population in Serbia as indicators of obesity: data from the National Health Survey 2013. Public Health Nutr. 2016 Feb 11:1-10. 2019: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Institute of Public Health of Serbia (2021). THE 2019 SERBIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. Available at https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/pdfE/G20216003.pdf (last accessed 08.06.21) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
| Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable. Please check with original data sources for methodologies used. | |
Men
| Survey type: | Measured |
| References: | 1985: WHO Infobase accessed 3rd May 2006. Data from 1985 CINDI study 2000: Health status and health needs in Serbia. Expert team of the Institute of Public Health of Serbia. 2002. Dr Ljiljana T. WHO Infobase. 2013: Maksimović MŽ, Gudelj Rakić JM, Vlajinac HD, Vasiljević ND, Nikić MI, Marinković JM. Comparison of different anthropometric measures in the adult population in Serbia as indicators of obesity: data from the National Health Survey 2013. Public Health Nutr. 2016 Feb 11:1-10. 2019: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Institute of Public Health of Serbia (2021). THE 2019 SERBIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. Available at https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/pdfE/G20216003.pdf (last accessed 08.06.21) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
| Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable. Please check with original data sources for methodologies used. | |
% Adults living with overweight or obesity, 1985-2019
Women
| Survey type: | Measured |
| References: | 1985: WHO Infobase accessed 3rd May 2006. Data from 1985 CINDI study 2000: Health status and health needs in Serbia. Expert team of the Institute of Public Health of Serbia. 2002. Dr Ljiljana T. WHO Infobase. 2013: Maksimović MŽ, Gudelj Rakić JM, Vlajinac HD, Vasiljević ND, Nikić MI, Marinković JM. Comparison of different anthropometric measures in the adult population in Serbia as indicators of obesity: data from the National Health Survey 2013. Public Health Nutr. 2016 Feb 11:1-10. 2019: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Institute of Public Health of Serbia (2021). THE 2019 SERBIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. Available at https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/pdfE/G20216003.pdf (last accessed 08.06.21) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
| Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable. Please check with original data sources for methodologies used. | |
Men
| Survey type: | Measured |
| References: | 1985: WHO Infobase accessed 3rd May 2006. Data from 1985 CINDI study 2000: Health status and health needs in Serbia. Expert team of the Institute of Public Health of Serbia. 2002. Dr Ljiljana T. WHO Infobase. 2013: Maksimović MŽ, Gudelj Rakić JM, Vlajinac HD, Vasiljević ND, Nikić MI, Marinković JM. Comparison of different anthropometric measures in the adult population in Serbia as indicators of obesity: data from the National Health Survey 2013. Public Health Nutr. 2016 Feb 11:1-10. 2019: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Institute of Public Health of Serbia (2021). THE 2019 SERBIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. Available at https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/pdfE/G20216003.pdf (last accessed 08.06.21) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
| Different methodologies may have been used to collect this data and so data from different surveys may not be strictly comparable. Please check with original data sources for methodologies used. | |
Overweight/obesity by age and education
Adults, 2019
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21). |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Men, 2019
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21). |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Women, 2019
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21). |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Men, 2017
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | 2017 - Education EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Women, 2017
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | 2017 - Education EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Overweight/obesity by education
Adults, 2006
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 20+ |
| Sample size: | 13796 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Grujic, V. et al. (2010) 'Overweight and obesity among adults in Serbia: Results from the National Health Survey', Eat Weight Disord, 15(1-2), pp.34-42 |
| Notes: | Prevalence of overweight and obesity by income. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Children, 2006
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 10-19 |
| Sample size: | 2139 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Boričić K, Simić S, Kasiljević N, et al. Risk factors associated with overweight among adolescents in Serbia. Slovenian Journal of Public Health. December 2014: 53(4):283-293. |
| Notes: | Prevalence of overweight and obesity by school success. CDC growth charts were used to calculate BMI-for-age and sex for the population of children and adolescents. Those with a BMI value higher or equal to the 85th percentile are overweight (between 85 and 95 have a high risk of obesity, and obese are those whose level is higher than or equal to 95). |
| Cutoffs: | CDC |
Overweight/obesity by age
Adults, 2019
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21). |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2019
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Sample size: | 11474 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Institute of Public Health of Serbia (2021). THE 2019 SERBIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. Available at https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/pdfE/G20216003.pdf (last accessed 08.06.21) |
| Notes: | Anthropometric measurements taken |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Adults, 2017
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | 2017 - EUROSTAT Database http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=ilc_hch10&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20) |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Children, 2019
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Sample size: | 3179 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Marković L, Đorđić V, Trajković N, Božić P, Halaši S, Cvejić D, Ostojić SM. Childhood Obesity in Serbia on the Rise. Children. 2021; 8(5):409. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8050409. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/5/409/htm (Last Accessed 02.06.21) |
| Notes: | COSI data. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Children, 2018-2020
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Sample size: | 3201 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Report on the fifth round of data collection, 2018–2020: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
| Cutoffs: | WHO 2007 |
Girls, 2015
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Sample size: | 4861 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Marković L, Đorđić V, Trajković N, Božić P, Halaši S, Cvejić D, Ostojić SM. Childhood Obesity in Serbia on the Rise. Children. 2021; 8(5):409. https://doi.org/10.3390/children8050409. https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9067/8/5/409/htm (Last Accessed 02.06.21) |
| Notes: | COSI data. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Overweight/obesity by region
Children, 2019
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 5-14 |
| Sample size: | 1285 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia, Institute of Public Health of Serbia (2021). THE 2019 SERBIAN NATIONAL HEALTH SURVEY. Available at https://publikacije.stat.gov.rs/G2021/pdfE/G20216003.pdf (last accessed 08.06.21) |
| Definitions: | No details published |
| Cutoffs: | Not available |
Children, 2006
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 10-19 |
| Sample size: | 2139 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Boričić K, Simić S, Kasiljević N, et al. Risk factors associated with overweight among adolescents in Serbia. Slovenian Journal of Public Health. December 2014: 53(4):283-293. |
| Notes: | CDC growth charts were used to calculate BMI-for-age and sex for the population of children and adolescents. Those with a BMI value higher or equal to the 85th percentile are overweight (between 85 and 95 have a high risk of obesity, and obese are those whose level is higher than or equal to 95). |
| Cutoffs: | CDC |
Overweight/obesity by age and socio-economic group
Adults, 2019
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21). |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Men, 2019
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21). |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Women, 2019
| Survey type: | Self-reported |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Eurostat 2019. Available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21). |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Overweight/obesity by socio-economic group
Adults, 2006
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 20+ |
| Sample size: | 13796 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Grujic, V. et al. (2010) 'Overweight and obesity among adults in Serbia: Results from the National Health Survey', Eat Weight Disord, 15(1-2), pp.34-42 |
| Notes: | Prevalence of overweight and obesity by income. |
| Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m². | |
Children, 2006
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 10-19 |
| Sample size: | 2139 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Boričić K, Simić S, Kasiljević N, et al. Risk factors associated with overweight among adolescents in Serbia. Slovenian Journal of Public Health. December 2014: 53(4):283-293. |
| Notes: | CDC growth charts were used to calculate BMI-for-age and sex for the population of children and adolescents. Those with a BMI value higher or equal to the 85th percentile are overweight (between 85 and 95 have a high risk of obesity, and obese are those whose level is higher than or equal to 95). |
| Cutoffs: | CDC |
Insufficient physical activity
Adults, 2016
| References: | Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7 |
Men, 2016
| References: | Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7 |
Women, 2016
| References: | Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7 |
Estimated per capita fruit intake
Adults, 2017
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 25+ |
| References: | Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/ |
| Definitions: | Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day) |
Estimated per-capita processed meat intake
Adults, 2017
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 25+ |
| References: | Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/ |
| Definitions: | Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day) |
Estimated per capita whole grains intake
Adults, 2017
| Survey type: | Measured |
| Age: | 25+ |
| References: | Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/ |
| Definitions: | Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day) |
Mental health - depression disorders
Adults, 2015
| References: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
| Definitions: | % of population with depression disorders |
Mental health - anxiety disorders
Adults, 2015
| References: | Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO. |
| Definitions: | % of population with anxiety disorders |
% Infants exclusively breastfed 0-5 months
Children, 1996-2019
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Serbia Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2019, Survey Findings Reports. Belgrade, Serbia: Statistical Office of the Republic of Serbia and UNICEF |
| Notes: | See UNICEF website for further survey information. Available at : https://data.unicef.org/resources/dataset/infant-young-child-feeding/ (last accessed 28.9.21) Citation: United Nations Children’s Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2021). Global UNICEF Global Databases: Infant and Young Child Feeding: Exclusive breastfeeding, New York, September 2021. |
| Definitions: | % exclusively breastfed 0-5 months |
Oesophageal cancer
Men, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Women, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Breast cancer
Women, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Colorectal cancer
Men, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Women, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Pancreatic cancer
Men, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Women, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Gallbladder cancer
Men, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Women, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Kidney cancer
Men, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Women, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Cancer of the uterus
Women, 2020
| Age: | 20+ |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2311 |
| Definitions: | Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000 |
Raised blood pressure
Adults, 2015
| References: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en |
| Definitions: | Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90). |
Men, 2015
| References: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en |
| Definitions: | Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90). |
Women, 2015
| References: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en |
| Definitions: | Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90). |
Raised cholesterol
Adults, 2008
| References: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885 |
| Definitions: | % Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate). |
Men, 2008
| References: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885 |
| Definitions: | % Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate). |
Women, 2008
| References: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885 |
| Definitions: | % Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate). |
Raised fasting blood glucose
Men, 2014
| References: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en |
| Definitions: | Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication). |
Women, 2014
| References: | Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en |
| Definitions: | Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication). |
Diabetes prevalence
Adults, 2021
| Age: | 20-79 |
| Area covered: | National |
| References: | Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org |
| Definitions: | Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, % |
Adults, 2019
| Age: | 20-79 |
| References: | Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org |
| Definitions: | Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%). |
Adults, 2017
| References: | Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org |
| Definitions: | Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%). |
Economic impact of overweight and obesity
Policies, Interventions and Actions
Contextual factors
Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.
Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.
Labelling
| Is there mandatory nutrition labelling? | Present |
| Front-of-package labelling? | Absent |
| Back-of-pack nutrition declaration? | Present |
| Color coding? | Absent |
| Warning label? | Absent |
Regulation and marketing
| Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products? | Absent |
| Tax on unhealthy foods? | Absent |
| Tax on unhealthy drinks? | Absent |
| Are there fiscal policies on healthy products? | Absent |
| Subsidy on fruits? | Absent |
| Subsidy on vegetables? | Absent |
| Subsidy on other healthy products? | Absent |
| Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)? | Absent |
| Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? | Absent |
| Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? | Absent |
| Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children? | Present |
| Mandatory restriction on broadcast media? | Present |
| Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media? | Absent |
| Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children? | Absent |
| Are there mandatory standards for food in schools? | Absent |
| Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products? | Absent |
| Nutrition standards for public sector procurement? | Absent |
Political will and support
| National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy? | Absent |
| National obesity strategy? | Absent |
| National childhood obesity strategy? | Absent |
| Comprehensive nutrition strategy? | Absent |
| Comprehensive physical activity strategy? | Present |
| Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs? | Absent |
| National target(s) on reducing obesity? | Absent |
| Guidelines/policy on obesity treatment? | Absent |
| Promotion of breastfeeding? | Present |
Monitoring and surveillance
| Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors? | Present |
| Within 5 years? | Present |
Governance and resource
| Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)? | Absent |
Key
Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown
Last updated September 13, 2022
Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions
