• Überblick
  • Adipositasprävalenz
  • Trends im Zeitverlauf
  • Bevölkerungsaufschlüsselung
  • Treiber
  • Komorbiditäten
  • Wirtschaftliche Auswirkungen
  • Richtlinien (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar)
  • Contextual factors
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Nationales Adipositasrisiko *8/10This is a composite ‘obesity risk’ score (out of 10, the highest risk) based on obesity prevalence, rate of increase, likelihood of meeting the 2025 target, treatment indicator and childhood stunting levels.Adipositasrisiko bei Kindern *8,5/11This is a ‘risk score’ for each country’s likelihood of having or acquiring a major childhood obesity problem during the 2020s, taking account of current prevalence levels and risk for future obesity (based on stunting among infants, maternal obesity, maternal smoking, and breastfeeding rates).
*Basierend auf geschätzten Daten. Weitere Informationen finden Sie in den Veröffentlichungen

Adipositasprävalenz

Trends im Zeitverlauf

Report cards

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Report card (adult data)

Report card (child data)

Report card (under-5s data)

Bevölkerungsaufschlüsselung

Nach Bildungsstand

Nach Alter

Nach Region

Nach sozioökonomischer Gruppe

Nach ethnischer Zugehörigkeit

Double Burden

Treiber

Unzureichende Aktivität

Obstverbrauch

Konsum von verarbeiteten Fleischwaren

Getreideverbrauch

Depression

Angst

Wurzeln der Adipositas »

Like all chronic diseases, the root causes/drivers of obesity are complex. Select here to view 'other' root causes/drivers.

Stillen

Unaffordable diet

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Komorbiditäten

Speiseröhrenkrebs

Brustkrebs

Dickdarmkrebs

Bauchspeicheldrüsenkrebs

Gallenblasenkrebs

Nierenkrebs

Gebärmutterkrebs

Erhöhter Blutdruck

Erhöhtes Cholesterin

Erhöhter Nüchternblutzucker

Diabetes-Prävalenz

Ovarian Cancer

Leukemia

Liver & bile duct cancer

Mulitple Myeloma

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Thyroid Cancer

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Wirtschaftliche Auswirkungen

Wirtschaftliche Auswirkungen

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Richtlinien (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar)

Nationale Adipositasstrategie

Ernährungs- oder Gesundheitsstrategie

Marketing

Körperliche Aktivität

Steuern / Subventionen auf Lebennsmittel und Getränke

Interventionen durch die Öffentlichkeit

Transnationale Adipositas-Strategien

Beschriftung

NCD-Strategie

Regulations (voluntary/pledges)

Management- oder Behandlungsrichtlinien

Training

Non-national strategies

School Food Regulations/Guidelines

Stillen

Obesity Target

Multisectoral national mechanism for obesity

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Contextual factors

Contextual factors

Adipositasprävalenz

Erwachsene, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5970
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:18+
Stichprobengröße:5429
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2017/18 by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis World Obesity Federation
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5406
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5455
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Flegal KM, Kruszon-Moran D, Carroll MD, Fryar CD, Ogden CL. Trends in Obesity Among Adults in the United States, 2005 to 2014. JAMA. 2016;315(21):2284-2291. doi:10.1001/jama.2016.6458.
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2011-2012

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5181
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ruopeng An, “Prevalence and Trends of Adult Obesity in the US, 1999–2012”, ISRN Obesity, vol. 2014, Article ID 185132, 6 pages, 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/185132
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2009-2010

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5926
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES Survey - Published in Flegal KM, Carrolll MD, Kit BK, Ogden CL. Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among US Adults, 1999-2010. JAMA Published online January 17, 2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.39
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2007-2008

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5555
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL and Curtin LR. (2010). Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. Journal of the American Medical Association, 303 (3): 235 - 241.
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2003-2004

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:4431
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA,Tabak CJ, & Flegal KM. (2006). Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. The Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol 295(13):1549 - 1555.
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2003

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 2006;295(13):1549-1555
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):1999-2000, 2001-2, 2003-4
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2001-2002

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 2006;295(13):1549-1555
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2000

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 2006;295(13):1549-1555
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):1999-2000, 2001-2, 2003-4
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 1999-2000

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-74
Stichprobengröße:3601
Referenzen:Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 1999

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 2006;295(13):1549-1555
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):1999-2000, 2001-2, 2003-4
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 1991

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-74
Referenzen:Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):1971-74 (marked as 1973), 1988-94 marked as 1991
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 1988-1994

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-74
Referenzen:Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 1976

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-74
Referenzen:Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):1971-74 (marked as 1973), 1988-94 marked as 1991
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 1973

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-74
Referenzen:Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):1971-74 (marked as 1973), 1988-94 marked as 1991
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 1971-1974

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-74
Referenzen:Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 1960-1962

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-74
Referenzen:Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 1960

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-74
Referenzen:Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):1971-74 (marked as 1973), 1988-94 marked as 1991
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Kinder, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1887
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:2086
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2017/18 by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis World Obesity Federation
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2017-2020

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:4749
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Stierman B, Afful J, Carroll MD, Chen TC, Davy O, Fink S, et al. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020 prepandemic data files—Development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes. National Health Statistics Reports; no 158. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:106273
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity is defined as a body mass index of greater than or equal to the age- and sex-specific 95th percentile of the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Growth Charts. Children and adolescents were included and categorized into age categories based on age at examination in months.
Cutoffs:CDC
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Kinder, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:2398
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:1927
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Data from NHANES 2013/14. Data reanalysed by Danielle Sharfman (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Rachel Jackson Leach on behalf of the World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Sample size based on 5-9yrs, 13-17yrs IOTF International Cut off
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2011-2012

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:6-11
Stichprobengröße:1268
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of childhood and adult obesity in the United States, 2011-2012. JAMA (2014)26;311(8):806-14.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):85th & 95th Centile CDC cut off
Cutoffs:CDC
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Kinder, 2009-2010

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:2435
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES IASO analysis
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):IOTF cut off (monthly)
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2003-2004

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:6-17
Stichprobengröße:2613
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Lobstein T, Jackson - Leach R. Child overweight and obesity in the USA: prevalence rates according to IOTF definitions. Int J Pediatr Obes. 2007;2(1):62-4.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3.
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2001-2002

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:6-11
Stichprobengröße:4258
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 2006;295(13):1549-1555
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Child Cut-Off: 85/95 Centile (see paper for further details)
Cutoffs:Other
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Kinder, 1999-2000

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:6-11
Stichprobengröße:4018
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 2006;295(13):1549-1555
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Cut-off point: 85/95 Centile (see paper for further details)
Cutoffs:Other
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Kinder, 1988-1994

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:6-17
Stichprobengröße:6108
Referenzen:Wang Y, Monteiro C, Popkin B. Trends of obesity and underweight in older children and adolescents in the United States, Brazil, China, and Russia. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002;75:971-7
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 1971-1974

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:6-17
Stichprobengröße:4471
Referenzen:Wang Y, Monteiro C, Popkin B. Trends of obesity and underweight in older children and adolescents in the United States, Brazil, China, and Russia. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002;75:971-7
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3
Cutoffs:IOTF
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0-5 years, 2021-2022

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:0-5
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2021-2022. Hyattsville, United States: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight estimates: National and Disaggregated, July 2025, New York. Weighted sample size. For more information, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme/.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Cutoffs:=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 2017-2018

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018. Hyattsville, United States: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 2015-2016

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2016. Hyattsville, United States: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 2013-2014

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, [2013-14]
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 2011-2012

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, [2011-12]
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 2009-2010

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, [2009-10]
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 2007-2008

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, [2007-08]
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 2005-2006

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, [2005-06]
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 2003-2004

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data. Hyattsville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, [2003-04]
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 2001-2002

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2002. Hyattsville, United States: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 1999-1900

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2000. Hyattsville, United States: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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0-5 years, 1988-1994

Alter:0-5
Referenzen:NHANES: Third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988-94 (NHANES III). Vital Health Statistics 1994;32:1-2
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):=>+2SD
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Übergewicht/Adipositas nach Bildung

Erwachsene, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5967
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5967
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5967
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:18+
Stichprobengröße:5350 (unweighted)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2017/18 Reanalysis by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis, World Obesity Federation, March 2020
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:18+
Stichprobengröße:5350 (unweighted)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2017/18 Reanalysis by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis, World Obesity Federation, March 2020
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5202
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5202
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:9055
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Data from NHANES 2013/14. Data reanalysed by Danielle Sharfman (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Rachel Jackson Leach on behalf of the World Obesity Federation
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:9055
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Data from NHANES 2013/14. Data reanalysed by Danielle Sharfman (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Rachel Jackson Leach on behalf of the World Obesity Federation
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2007-2010

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:25+
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-adjusted estimates are adjusted using three age groups: 25-44 years, 45-64 years, and 65 years and over. GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2007-2010

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:25+
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-adjusted estimates are adjusted using three age groups: 25-44 years, 45-64 years, and 65 years and over. GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Kinder, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1830
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Level of parental education, determined by the highest education level achieved by either the household reference person or their spouse
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Jungen, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1830
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Level of parental education, determined by the highest education level achieved by either the household reference person or their spouse
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Mädchen, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1830
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Level of parental education, determined by the highest education level achieved by either the household reference person or their spouse
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Jungen, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:2315
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Cutoffs:Other
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Mädchen, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:2315
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Cutoffs:Other
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Jungen, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-9
Stichprobengröße:1883
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Data from NHANES 2013/14. Data reanalysed by Danielle Sharfman (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Rachel Jackson Leach on behalf of the World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):IOTF Cut off used 13-17yrs also available
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Mädchen, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-9
Stichprobengröße:1883
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Data from NHANES 2013/14. Data reanalysed by Danielle Sharfman (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Rachel Jackson Leach on behalf of the World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):IOTF Cut off used 13-17yrs also available
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Jungen, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:13-17
Stichprobengröße:1883 (5-9rs & 13-17yrs)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Data from NHANES 2013/14. Data reanalysed by Danielle Sharfman (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Rachel Jackson Leach on behalf of the World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):IOTF Cut off used 5-9yrs also available
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Mädchen, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:13-17
Stichprobengröße:1883 (5-9rs & 13-17yrs)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Data from NHANES 2013/14. Data reanalysed by Danielle Sharfman (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Rachel Jackson Leach on behalf of the World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):IOTF Cut off used 5-9yrs also available
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Jungen, 2007-2010

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity among children 2-19 years of age, by sex of child and education level of head of household. Obesity is body mass index (BMI) at or above the sex- and age-specific 95th percentile BMI cutoff points from the 2000 CDC Growth Charts. GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
Cutoffs:CDC
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Mädchen, 2007-2010

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity among children 2-19 years of age, by sex of child and education level of head of household. Obesity is body mass index (BMI) at or above the sex- and age-specific 95th percentile BMI cutoff points from the 2000 CDC Growth Charts. GED is General Educational Development high school equivalency diploma.
Cutoffs:CDC
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Übergewicht/Adipositas nach Alter

Erwachsene, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:5970
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:5432 (unweighted)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2017/18 Reanalysis by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis, World Obesity Federation, March 2020
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:5406
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2011-2012

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Kit BK, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity among adults: United States, 2011–2012. NCHS data brief, no 131. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2013
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2011-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Fryar CD, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity among adults and youth: United States, 2011–2014. NCHS data brief, no 219. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2015
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Kinder, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:2226
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:2086 (unweighted)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2017/18 Reanalysis by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis, World Obesity Federation, March 2020
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2017-2020

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:4749
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Stierman B, Afful J, Carroll MD, Chen TC, Davy O, Fink S, et al. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020 prepandemic data files—Development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes. National Health Statistics Reports; no 158. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:106273
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity is defined as a body mass index of greater than or equal to the age- and sex-specific 95th percentile of the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Growth Charts. Children and adolescents were included and categorized into age categories based on age at examination in months.
Cutoffs:CDC
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Kinder, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:2088
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2011-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Fryar CD, Flegal KM. Prevalence of obesity among adults and youth: United States, 2011–2014. NCHS data brief, no 219. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2015
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity in children is defined as a BMI of greater than or equal to the age- and sex-specific 95th percentile of the 2000 CDC growth charts.
Cutoffs:CDC
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Kinder, 2011-2012

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Stichprobengröße:3355
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:CDC/NCHS, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity is body mass index greater than or equal to the 95th percentile from the sex- and age-specific 2000 CDC Growth Charts.
Cutoffs:cdc
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Übergewicht/Adipositas nach Region

Erwachsene, 2023

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:18+
Stichprobengröße:392788
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Population Health. BRFSS Prevalence & Trends Data [online]. 2025. [accessed Mon, 19 May 2025]. URL: https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/brfssprevalence/.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):NOT NHANES, States and Territories N-Z (inclusive), crude prevalence
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2023

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:18+
Stichprobengröße:392788
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Population Health. BRFSS Prevalence & Trends Data [online]. 2025. [accessed Mon, 19 May 2025]. URL: https://www.cdc.gov/brfss/brfssprevalence/.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):NOT NHANES, States and Territories A-M (inclusive), crude prevalence.
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2014

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:18+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Behavorial Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC. Found at http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/prevalence-maps.html (last accessed 20th April 2016)
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):NOT NHANES States and Territories N-Z (inclusive)
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2014

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:18+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Behavorial Risk Factor Surveillance System, CDC. Found at http://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/prevalence-maps.html (last accessed 20th April 2016)
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):NOT NHANES States and Territories A - M (inclusive)
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Kinder, 2022-2023

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:6-17
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative. 2022-2023 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) data query. Data Resource Center for Child and Adolescent Health supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB). Retrieved [19.05.2025] from [www.childhealthdata.org].
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):BMI categories for children and teens are based on sex-specific BMI-for-age percentiles from the CDC. BMI-for-age categories are: Overweight - 85th<95th percentile; Obese - =>95th percentile Parents typically overestimate height and underestimate weight of children younger than 10 years of age. Therefore, BMI for children under 10 years of age should be interpreted with caution. States A-M (inclusive)
Cutoffs:CDC
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Kinder, 2022-2023

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:6-17
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Child and Adolescent Health Measurement Initiative. 2022-2023 National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH) data query. Data Resource Center for Child and Adolescent Health supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA), Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB). Retrieved [19.05.2025] from [www.childhealthdata.org].
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):BMI categories for children and teens are based on sex-specific BMI-for-age percentiles from the CDC. BMI-for-age categories are: Overweight - 85th<95th percentile; Obese - =>95th percentile. Parents typically overestimate height and underestimate weight of children younger than 10 years of age. Therefore, BMI for children under 10 years of age should be interpreted with caution. States N-Z (inclusive)
Cutoffs:CDC
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Kinder, 2019-2020

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:10-17
Stichprobengröße:23199
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Crouch E, Abshire DA, Wirth MD, Hung P, Benavidez GA. Rural–Urban Differences in Overweight and Obesity, Physical Activity, and Food Security Among Children and Adolescents. Prev Chronic Dis 2023;20:230136. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd20.230136
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Children were considered overweight and obese if their body mass index (BMI) was at or above the 85th percentile for age and gender according to growth charts from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS)
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Jungen, 1999-2006

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:15479
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Liu J, Jones SJ, Sun H, et al. Diet, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors as risk factors for childhood obesity: An urban and rural comparison. Child Obes 2012;8:440–448
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Children were considered overweight and obese if their body mass index (BMI) was at or above the 85th percentile for age and gender according to growth charts from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
Cutoffs:Other
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Mädchen, 1999-2006

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:15479
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Liu J, Jones SJ, Sun H, et al. Diet, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors as risk factors for childhood obesity: An urban and rural comparison. Child Obes 2012;8:440–448
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Children were considered overweight and obese if their body mass index (BMI) was at or above the 85th percentile for age and gender according to growth charts from the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS).
Cutoffs:Other
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Übergewicht/Adipositas nach sozioökonomischer Gruppe

Erwachsene, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5194
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, Sarah Spreckley, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Poverty Income Ratio (PIR) = Ratio of family income to poverty level in survey year, reported here as a percentage
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5194
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, Sarah Spreckley, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Poverty Income Ratio (PIR) = Ratio of family income to poverty level in survey year, reported here as a percentage
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5194
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, Sarah Spreckley, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Poverty Income Ratio (PIR) = Ratio of family income to poverty level in survey year, reported here as a percentage
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:18+
Stichprobengröße:4638 (unweighted)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2017/18 Reanalysis by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis, World Obesity Federation, March 2020
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:18+
Stichprobengröße:4638 (unweighted)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2017/18 Reanalysis by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis, World Obesity Federation, March 2020
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:4904
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:4904
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-80
Stichprobengröße:9055
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Data from NHANES 2013/14. Data reanalysed by Danielle Sharfman (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Rachel Jackson Leach on behalf of the World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Total Household earnings per annum
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2013-2014

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20-80
Stichprobengröße:9055
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Data from NHANES 2013/14. Data reanalysed by Danielle Sharfman (University of Wisconsin-Madison), Rachel Jackson Leach on behalf of the World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Total Household earnings per annum
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2005-2008

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Lamb MM, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. Obesity and socioeconomic status in adults: United States 1988–1994 and 2005–2008. NCHS data brief no 50. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2010
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Poverty income ratio (PIR): The ratio of household income to the poverty threshold after accounting for inflation and family size. In 2008, a PIR of 350% was equivalent to approximately $77,000 for a family of four; a PIR of 130% was equivalent to approximately $29,000 for a family of four.
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2005-2008

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Lamb MM, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. Obesity and socioeconomic status in adults: United States 1988–1994 and 2005–2008. NCHS data brief no 50. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2010
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Poverty income ratio (PIR): The ratio of household income to the poverty threshold after accounting for inflation and family size. In 2008, a PIR of 350% was equivalent to approximately $77,000 for a family of four; a PIR of 130% was equivalent to approximately $29,000 for a family of four.
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Kinder, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1653
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Poverty Income Ratio (PIR) = Ratio of family income to poverty level in survey year, reported here as a percentage
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Jungen, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1653
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Poverty Income Ratio (PIR) = Ratio of family income to poverty level in survey year, reported here as a percentage
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Mädchen, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1653
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Poverty Income Ratio (PIR) = Ratio of family income to poverty level in survey year, reported here as a percentage
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Jungen, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1852 (unweighted)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2017/18 Reanalysis by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis, World Obesity Federation, March 2020
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Mädchen, 2017-2018

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1852 (unweighted)
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2017/18 Reanalysis by Rachel Jackson Leach, Jaynaide Powis, World Obesity Federation, March 2020
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Jungen, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:2208
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Mädchen, 2015-2016

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:2208
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:NHANES 2015/16. Analysis conducted by the World Obesity Federation, Caroline Litts, Fiona Montague & R Jackson-Leach 2017
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Jungen, 2005-2008

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Lamb MM, Carroll MD, Flegal, KM. Obesity and socioeconomic status in children: United States 1988-1994 and 2005-2008. NCHS data brief no 51. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2010
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity defined as Body mass index (BMI) ≥ age- and sex-specific 95th percentile of the 2000 CDC growth charts. Poverty income ratio (PIR): In 2008, a PIR of 350% was equivalent to approximately $77,000 for a family of four; a PIR of 130% was equivalent to approximately $29,000 for a family of four.
Cutoffs:CDC
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Mädchen, 2005-2008

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:Large National Survey
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ogden CL, Lamb MM, Carroll MD, Flegal, KM. Obesity and socioeconomic status in children: United States 1988-1994 and 2005-2008. NCHS data brief no 51. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2010
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity defined as Body mass index (BMI) ≥ age- and sex-specific 95th percentile of the 2000 CDC growth charts. Poverty income ratio (PIR): In 2008, a PIR of 350% was equivalent to approximately $77,000 for a family of four; a PIR of 130% was equivalent to approximately $29,000 for a family of four.
Cutoffs:CDC
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Übergewicht/Adipositas nach ethnischer Zugehörigkeit

Ethnic groups are as defined by publication of origin and are not as defined by WOF. In some instances ethnicity is conflated with nationality and/or race.

Erwachsene, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5970
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, Sarah Spreckley, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5970
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, Sarah Spreckley, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:5970
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, Sarah Spreckley, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Erwachsene, 2017-2020

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:8295
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Stierman B, Afful J, Carroll MD, Chen TC, Davy O, Fink S, et al. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020 prepandemic data files—Development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes. National Health Statistics Reports; no 158. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:106273
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Männer, 2017-2020

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:8295
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Stierman B, Afful J, Carroll MD, Chen TC, Davy O, Fink S, et al. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020 prepandemic data files—Development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes. National Health Statistics Reports; no 158. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:106273
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2017-2020

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Stichprobengröße:8295
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Stierman B, Afful J, Carroll MD, Chen TC, Davy O, Fink S, et al. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020 prepandemic data files—Development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes. National Health Statistics Reports; no 158. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:106273
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Kinder, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1887
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted. NB. Small sample size within groups
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Jungen, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1887
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted. NB. Small sample size within groups
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Mädchen, 2021-2023

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-17
Stichprobengröße:1887
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Sarah Spreckley, Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted. NB. Small sample size within groups
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Kinder, 2017-2020

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:4749
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Stierman B, Afful J, Carroll MD, Chen TC, Davy O, Fink S, et al. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020 prepandemic data files—Development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes. National Health Statistics Reports; no 158. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:106273
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity is defined as a body mass index of greater than or equal to the age- and sex-specific 95th percentile of the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Growth Charts. Children and adolescents were included and categorized into age categories based on age at examination in months
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Jungen, 2017-2020

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:4749
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Stierman B, Afful J, Carroll MD, Chen TC, Davy O, Fink S, et al. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020 prepandemic data files—Development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes. National Health Statistics Reports; no 158. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:106273
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity is defined as a body mass index of greater than or equal to the age- and sex-specific 95th percentile of the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Growth Charts. Children and adolescents were included and categorized into age categories based on age at examination in months
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Mädchen, 2017-2020

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:2-19
Stichprobengröße:4749
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Stierman B, Afful J, Carroll MD, Chen TC, Davy O, Fink S, et al. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017–March 2020 prepandemic data files—Development of files and prevalence estimates for selected health outcomes. National Health Statistics Reports; no 158. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics. 2021. DOI: https://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:106273
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Weighted
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Obesity is defined as a body mass index of greater than or equal to the age- and sex-specific 95th percentile of the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Growth Charts. Children and adolescents were included and categorized into age categories based on age at examination in months
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Double burden of underweight & overweight

Erwachsene, 2022

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:20+
Referenzen:NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age Standardised estimates
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Combined prevalence of BMI<18.5 kg/m² and BMI>=30 kg/m² (double burden of underweight and obesity)
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Kinder, 2022

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:5-19
Referenzen:NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age standardised estimates
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Combined prevalence of BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD (double burden of thinness and obesity)
Cutoffs:BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD
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Unzureichende körperliche Aktivität

Erwachsene, 2022

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:18+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.
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Männer, 2022

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:18+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.
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Frauen, 2022

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:18+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.
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Erwachsene, 2016

Referenzen:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
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Männer, 2016

Referenzen:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
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Frauen, 2016

Referenzen:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
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Kinder, 2016

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:11-17
Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
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Jungen, 2016

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:11-17
Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
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Mädchen, 2016

Umfragetyp:Selbst berichtet
Alter:11-17
Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, https://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893ADO?lang=en (last accessed 16.03.21)
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
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Kinder, 2010

Alter:11-17
Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
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Jungen, 2010

Alter:11-17
Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
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Mädchen, 2010

Alter:11-17
Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A893?lang=en
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% of school going adolescents not meeting WHO recommendations on Physical Activity for Health, i.e. doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity daily.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% Adolescents insufficiently active (age standardised estimate)
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Estimated per capita fruit intake

Erwachsene, 2017

Alter:25+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Estimated per capita fruit intake (g/day)
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Estimated per capita processed meat intake

Erwachsene, 2017

Alter:25+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Estimated per capita processed meat intake (g per day)
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Estimated per capita whole grains intake

Erwachsene, 2017

Umfragetyp:Gemessen
Alter:25+
Referenzen:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day)
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Psychische Gesundheit – Depressionsstörungen

Erwachsene, 2021

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)
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Männer, 2021

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)
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Frauen, 2021

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)
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Erwachsene, 2015

Referenzen:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% of population with depression disorders
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Kinder, 2021

Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)
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Jungen, 2021

Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)
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Mädchen, 2021

Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)
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Psychische Gesundheit – Angststörungen

Erwachsene, 2021

Alter:20+
Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population
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Männer, 2021

Alter:20+
Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population
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Frauen, 2021

Alter:20+
Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population
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Erwachsene, 2015

Referenzen:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% of population with anxiety disorders
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Kinder, 2021

Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
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Jungen, 2021

Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
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Mädchen, 2021

Referenzen:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
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% der Kleinkinder, die ausschließlich von 0-5 Monaten gestillt wurden

0-5 years, 1998-2023

Referenzen:United States National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2018. Hyattsville, United States: National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Full details are available. Original citation United Nations Children’s Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2023). Global UNICEF Global Databases: Infant and Young Child Feeding: Exclusive breastfeeding, New York, October 2023.
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Percent of population who cannot afford a healthy diet

Erwachsene, 2024

Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:FAO. 2025. FAOSTAT: Cost and Affordability of a Healthy Diet (CoAHD). https://www.fao.org/faostat/en/#data/CAHD. Licence: CC-BY-4.0. [Last Accessed 15.10.25]
Anmerkungen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):The percent of the population whose food budget is below the cost of a healthy diet.
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Erwachsene, 2022

Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:The Food Systems Dashboard. The Global Alliance for Improved Nutrition (GAIN), The Columbia Climate School, and Cornell University College of Agriculture and Life Sciences. 2024. Geneva, Switzerland. https://www.foodsystemsdashboard.org. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36072/db.
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Speiseröhrenkrebs

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Indicence per 100,000
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Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Indicence per 100,000
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Männer, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Frauen, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Brustkrebs

Frauen, 2022

Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Dickdarmkrebs

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Männer, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Frauen, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Bauchspeicheldrüsenkrebs

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Männer, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Frauen, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Gallenblasenkrebs

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Indicence per 100,000
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Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Indicence per 100,000
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Männer, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Frauen, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Nierenkrebs

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Männer, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Frauen, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Gebärmutterkrebs

Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Frauen, 2020

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2373
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000
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Erhöhter Blutdruck

Erwachsene, 2015

Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).
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Männer, 2015

Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).
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Frauen, 2015

Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).
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Erhöhtes Cholesterin

Erwachsene, 2008

Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).
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Männer, 2008

Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).
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Frauen, 2008

Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).
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Erhöhter Nüchternblutzucker

Männer, 2014

Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).
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Frauen, 2014

Referenzen:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).
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Diabetes-Prävalenz

Erwachsene, 2024

Referenzen:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 11th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2025. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
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Erwachsene, 2021

Alter:20-79
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation.  IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, %
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Erwachsene, 2019

Alter:20-79
Referenzen:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).
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Erwachsene, 2017

Referenzen:Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).
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Ovarian Cancer

Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Leukemia

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Liver and intrahepatic bile duct Cancer

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Multiple Myeloma

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Indicence per 100,000
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
Grafik herunterladen Zum benutzerdefinierten PDF hinzufügen

Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Indicence per 100,000
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
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Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
Grafik herunterladen Zum benutzerdefinierten PDF hinzufügen

Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
Wenn nicht anders angegeben, bezieht sich Übergewicht auf einen BMI zwischen 25 kg und 29,9 kg/m², Adipositas auf einen BMI über 30 kg/m².
Grafik herunterladen Zum benutzerdefinierten PDF hinzufügen

Thyroid Cancer

Männer, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
Grafik herunterladen Zum benutzerdefinierten PDF hinzufügen

Frauen, 2022

Alter:20+
Geltungsbereich:National
Referenzen:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Definitionen (nur in englischer Sprache verfügbar):Incidence per 100,000
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Economic impact of overweight and obesity

Country comparisons

You can choose to compare this country’s data with the data for up to four other countries.

Policies, Interventions and Actions

Santa Cruz, California - Sugar Sweetened beverage tax

An excise tax of two cents ($0.02) per fluid ounce tax on sugar-sweetened beverages which contain 40 or more calories per 12 fluid ounces. This includes soda, energy drinks, and sweetened ice teas and coffees.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Non-national obesity strategies
Year(s):2025 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:City of Santa Cruz
Find out more:www.cityofsantacruz.com
Linked document:Download linked document
References:City of Santa Cruz. Sugar-Sweetened Beverage (SSB) Revenue Measure [online] Available at: https://www.cityofsantacruz.com/government/city-departments/city-manager/sugar-sweetened-beverage-ssb [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

Child Nutrition Programs: Meal Patterns Consistent With the 2020-2025 DGAs

This USDA final rule strengthens nutritional requirements for school meal programs based on the goals of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans 2020-2025. It phases in new limits on added sugar and sodium. Schools are required to implement these standards by school year 2027-2028

Categories:Evidence of School Food Regulations
Year(s):2024 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Find out more:www.fns.usda.gov
Linked document:Download linked document

Clinical Practice Guideline for the Evaluation and Treatment of Children and Adolescents With Obesity

In 2023, the American Academy of Pediatrics published its first-ever clinical practice guidelines on the evaluation and treatment of children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2023 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:American Academy of Pediatrics
Find out more:www.aap.org
Linked document:Download linked document

Food Is Medicine

Food is Medicine (FIM) is an initiative that aims to prevent, manage, and treat diet-related diseases through food and nutrition. The initiative provides healthy food choices to qualified individuals based on the diagnosis of certain chronic diseases. Programs that fall under this category include medically tailored meals (MTMs), medically tailored groceries (MTGs), and produce prescriptions (PPRs).

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Categories (partial):Evidence of NCD strategy
Year(s):2023 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:U.S Department of Health and Human Services
Find out more:odphp.health.gov
References:Health.gov. Food Is Medicine: A Project to Unify and Advance Collective Action | odphp.health.gov. [online] Available at: https://odphp.health.gov/our-work/nutrition-physical-activity/food-medicine [Accessed 20 May 2025]. ‌

State Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN)

CDC funds 17 states to carry out the current 5-year State Physical Activity and Nutrition (SPAN) program. Recipients use proven strategies to reduce health disparities related to nutrition, physical activity, and obesity.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2023 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Find out more:www.cdc.gov
References:CDC. State Physical Activity and Nutrition [online]. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/span/php/about/index.html [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

National Strategy on Hunger, Nutrition, and Health

Under the Biden-Harris Administration, the National Strategy on Hunger, Nutrition, and Health set a goal to end hunger and increase healthy eating and physical activity by 2030 so fewer Americans experience diet-related diseases - while reducing related health disparities. This strategy includes goals to promote active transportation, increase access to outdoor space, support nutrition education in schools, improve access to healthy food, and enhance nutrition research.

Categories:Evidence of NCD strategy
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Year(s):2022 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:The White House
Linked document:Download linked document
References:The White House. 2022. Biden-Harris Administration National Strategy on Hunger, Nutrition, and Health. Available at: https://bidenwhitehouse.archives.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/White-House-National-Strategy-on-Hunger-Nutrition-and-Health-FINAL.pdf [Accessed 20 May 2025]

NYC - Commitment to Health and Nutrition: Food Standards and Good Food Purchasing

Executive Order 8 sets standards for meals served by New York City agencies, ensuring they are healthy and nutritious according to regularly updated City Agency Food Standards.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2022 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:The City of New York
Find out more:www.nyc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:The City of New York. The official website of the City of New York. Executive Order 8. [online] Available at: https://www.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/008-002/executive-order-8 [Accessed 20 May 2025]. ‌

NYC - Promotion of Healthy Foods in City Publications and Advertising on City Property

Executive Order 9 requires that all promotional materials put out by New York City agencies and advertisements on city property regarding food feature healthy food. This is intended to improve dietary habits and address the increased density of unhealthy food advertisements in Black neighborhoods.

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Non-national obesity strategies
Year(s):2022 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:The City of New York
Find out more:www.nyc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:The City of New York. 2022. Promotion of Healthy Foods in City Publications and in Advertising on City Property. Available at: https://www.nyc.gov/office-of-the-mayor/news/009-002/executive-order-9 [Accessed 20 May 2025].

Voluntary Sodium Reduction Goals

The FDA provide measurable voluntary goals for reducing sodium content in commercially processed, packaged, and prepared foods to reduce excess population sodium intake. The first goals were published in 2021. The second draft was made available in 2024, but has not yet been finalised.

Categories:Industry/Government regulations - voluntary/pledges
Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2021 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Food and Drug Administration
Find out more:www.fda.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Food and Drug Administration, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. 2024. Voluntary Sodium Reduction Goals: Target Mean and Upper Bound Concentrations for Sodium in Commercially Processed, Packaged, and Prepared Foods (Edition 2): Guidance for Industry. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/media/180784/download [Accessed 20 May 2025].

2020-2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans

The Dietary Guidelines is designed for policymakers and nutrition and health professionals to help all individuals and their families consume a healthy,nutritionally adequate diet

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2020-2025
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:USDA
Find out more:www.dietaryguidelines.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2020-2025. 9th Edition. December 2020. Available at DietaryGuidelines.gov.

Healthy People 2030

Healthy People 2030 aims to promote, strengthen, and evaluate national efforts to improve the health and well-being of all people. It sets 357 measurable objectives, including a reduction in childhood obesity, adult obesity, and consumption of added sugars. The website provides evidence-based resources to improve dietary habits, increase physical activity and lose weight.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Evidence of Obesity Target
Year(s):2020-2030
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:The Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
Find out more:odphp.health.gov
References:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Healthy People 2030 | odphp.health.gov. [online] Available at: https://odphp.health.gov/healthypeople/search?query=&f%5B0%5D=content_type%3Ahealthy_people_objective [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of Overweight and Obesity

Clinical Practice Guideline that gives recommendations for the management of adult overweight and obesity in the Department of Defense and Veteran Affairs Health Care systems.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2020 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene
Organisation:Department of Veteran Affairs, Department of Defense
Find out more:www.healthquality.va.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Screening and Management of Overweight and Obesity, Department of Veteran Affairs, Department of Defense, Version 3.0. 2020.

Move Your Way Campaign

Move Your Way is the promotional campaign for the second edition of the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans. The goal is to help people live healthier lives through increased physical activity.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Find out more:health.gov
References:https://health.gov/moveyourway

Behavioral Weight Loss Interventions to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

The USPSTF reviewed the evidence on interventions (behavioral and pharmacotherapy) for weight loss or weight loss maintenance that can be provided in or referred from a primary care setting. Surgical weight loss interventions and nonsurgical weight loss devices (eg, gastric balloons) are considered to be outside the scope of the primary care setting.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene
Organisation:US Preventive Services Task Force
Find out more:www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Curry, S.J., Krist, A.H., Owens, D.K., Barry, M.J., Caughey, A.B., Davidson, K.W., Doubeni, C.A., Epling, J.W., Grossman, D.C., Kemper, A.R. and Kubik, M., 2018. Behavioral weight loss interventions to prevent obesity-related morbidity and mortality in adults: US Preventive Services Task Force recommendation statement. Jama, 320(11), pp.1163-1171.

City of Seattle - Sugar Sweetened beverage tax

Tax on sugar sweetened beverages and beverages with added sweeteners.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Seattle city council
Find out more:www.seattle.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Seattle City Council. Legistlative summary. Available from: https://www.seattle.gov/license-and-tax-administration/business-license-tax/other-seattle-taxes/sweetened-beverage-tax [Last accessed 09.09.20]

Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans provides evidence-based guidance to help Americans maintain or improve their health through physical activity. These are the 2nd edition of these guidelines.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Find out more:health.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, 2nd edition. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2018.

San Francisco - Sugar Sweetened beverage tax

Effective January 1, 2018, there has been a general excise tax on Bottled Sugar-Sweetened Beverage, Syrup, or Powder in the City.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:City and Country of San Francisco
Find out more:sftreasurer.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:City and County of San Francisco. https://sftreasurer.org/business/taxes-fees/sugary-drinks-tax#:~:text=The%20City%20imposes%20a%20one,beverages%2C%20syrups%2C%20and%20powders. [Last Accessed 09.09.20]

Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention of pediatric obesity: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline

Recommendations on diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of obesity in children.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Styne, D.M, Arslanian, S.A, Connor, E.L, Farooqi, I.S, Murad, M.H, Silverstein, J.H, and Yanovski, J.A.
Find out more:academic.oup.com
References:Styne, D.M, Arslanian, S.A, Connor, E.L, Farooqi, I.S, Murad, M.H, Silverstein, J.H, and Yanovski, J.A. 2017. Pediatric Obesity—Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. The Journal of Clinical endocrinology and metabolism. 102 (3). pp. 709–757

Boulder, Colorado - Sugar Sweetened beverage tax

Excise tax requiring distributors of sugar-sweetened beverages to pay a tax applied to the drinks they distribute within the City of Boulder. This applies to drinks containing at least 5 grams of added caloric sweeteners (such as sugar and high-fructose corn syrup) per 12 fluid ounces. This includes soda, energy drinks and heavily pre-sweetened tea and the syrups and powders used to produce them.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:City of Boulder Colorado
Find out more:bouldercolorado.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:City of Boulder Colorado. Sugar Sweetened Beverage tax. Available from: https://www-static.bouldercolorado.gov/docs/Chapter_16_SSB_Tax_-_final_form-1-201706231802.pdf?_ga=2.207604755.1404175956.1544784563-1014986894.1544784563. [Accessed 14 December 2018].

NCD Country Profiles 2018 (Obesity Targets)

The profiles also provide data on the key metabolic risk factors, namely raised blood pressure, raised blood glucose and obesity and National Targets on Obesity (as of 2017)

Categories:Evidence of Obesity Target
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:World Health Organisation
References:Noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

Philidelphia - Sugar Sweetened beverage tax

Tax applied to any non-alcoholic beverage, syrup, or other concentrate used to prepare a beverage that lists as an ingredient any form of caloric sugar-based sweetener, including, but not limited to sucrose, glucose, or high fructose corn syrup.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:City of Philadelphia
Find out more:www.phila.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:City of Philidelphia (2017). CHAPTER 19-4100. SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGE TAX. Available from: https://www.phila.gov/media/20170209150802/CertifiedCopy16017601-1.pdf. [Accessed 14 December 2018].

Policy statement: Stigma Experienced by Children and Adolescents With Obesity

This policy statement discusses the prevalence andnegative effects of weight stigma on pediatric patients and their families. The statement provides 6 clinical practice and 4 advocacy recommendations regarding the role of pediatricians in addressing weight stigma. Recommendations include improving the clinical setting by modeling best practices for nonbiased behaviors and language; using empathetic and empowering counseling techniques, such as motivational interviewing, and addressing weight stigma and bullying in the clinic visit; advocating for inclusion of training and education about weight stigma in medical schools, residency programs, and continuing medical education programs; and empowering families to be advocates to address weight stigma in the home environment and school setting.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Pont, S.J, Puhl, R, Cook, S.R, Slusser, W SECTION ON OBESITY, THE OBESITY SOCIETY
Find out more:pediatrics.aappublications.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Pont, S.J, Puhl, R, Cook, S.R, Slusser, W SECTION ON OBESITY, THE OBESITY SOCIETY. 2017. Stigma Experienced by Children and Adolescents With Obesity. American academy of pediatrics. 140(6). DOI: e20173034.

Screening for Obesity in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement.

An update of the 2010 US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recommendation on screening for obesity in children 6 years and older.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF)
Find out more:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:US Preventive Services Task Force, Grossman DC, Bibbins-Domingo K, Curry SJ, Barry MJ, Davidson KW, Doubeni CA, Epling JW Jr, Kemper AR, Krist AH, Kurth AE, Landefeld CS, Mangione CM, Phipps MG, Silverstein M, Simon MA, Tseng CW. Screening for Obesity in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement. JAMA. 317(23). pp. 2417-2426.

Albany - Sugar Sweetened beverage tax

City of Albany Ordinance 2016-02 enacts a one cent per ounce general tax, with no expiration date, on the distribution of sugar-sweetened beverages and sweeteners used to sweeten such drinks. The following are exempt: Sweeteners typically used by consumers and distributed to grocery stores; Drinks and sweeteners distributed to small retailers;Milk products, 100% juice, baby formula, alcohol, or drinks taken for medical reasons.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2016 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:City of Albany
Find out more:www.albanyca.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:City of Albany. https://www.albanyca.org/departments/finance/sugar-sweetened-beverage-tax#:~:text=The%20measure%20approves%20City%20of,sweeten%20such%20drinks%2C%20but%20exempting%3A&text=Milk%20products%2C%20100%25%20juice%2C,drinks%20taken%20for%20medical%20reasons. [Last accessed 09.09.20]

Comprehensive Clinical Practice Guidelines for Medical Care of Patients with Obesity

These AACE/ACE evidence-based clinical practice guidelines address key aspects of obesity care: screening, diagnosis, clinical evaluation, treatment options, therapy selection, and treatment goal.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2016 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene
Organisation:American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
Find out more:www.aace.com
Linked document:Download linked document
References:W. Timothy Garvey, Jeffrey I. Mechanick, Elise M. Brett, Alan J. Garber, Daniel L. Hurley, Ania M. Jastreboff, Karl Nadolsky, Rachel Pessah-Pollack, Raymond Plodkowski, and Reviewers of the AACE/ACE Obesity Clinical Practice Guidelines (2016) AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGISTS AND AMERICAN COLLEGE OF ENDOCRINOLOGY COMPREHENSIVE CLINICAL PRACTICE GUIDELINES FOR MEDICAL CARE OF PATIENTS WITH OBESITY. Endocrine Practice: July 2016, Vol. 22, No. Supplement 3, pp. 1-203.

National Physical Activity Plan

The Plan is a comprehensive set of policies, programs, and initiatives designed to increase physical activity in all segments of the U.S. population. The Plan aims to foster a national culture that supports physically active lifestyles. Its ultimate purpose is to improve health, prevent disease and disability, and enhance quality of life.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2016 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:National Physical Activity Plan Alliance
Find out more:www.physicalactivityplan.org
Linked document:Download linked document

Oakland - Sugar Sweetened beverage tax

General Tax of one cent ($0.01) per fluid ounce on the privilege of Distributing Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Products in the City of Oakland

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2016 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:City of Oakland
Linked document:Download linked document
References:City of Oakland. https://library.municode.com/ca/oakland/codes/code_of_ordinances?nodeId=TIT4REFI_CH4.52SUEEBEDITA_4.52.010SHTI [Last Accessed 09.09.20]

2015-2020 Edition of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans

The Dietary Guidelines is designed for professionals to help all individuals ages 2 years and older and their families consume a healthy, nutritionally adequate diet.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2015-2020
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:U.S. Department of Agriculture and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Find out more:health.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2015–2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. 8th Edition. December 2015. Available at http://health.gov/dietaryguidelines/2015/guidelines/

Berkley, California - Sugar Sweetened beverage tax

The purpose of this Ordinance is to diminish the human and economic costs of diseases associated with the consumption of sugary drinks by discouraging their distribution and consumption in Berkeley through a tax. Specifically, the purpose of this ordinance is to levy an Excise Tax of one cent ($0.01) per fluid ounce on the distribution of sugar-sweetened beverage products in the City

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:City of Berkley
Find out more:www.healthyberkeley.com
Linked document:Download linked document

Final Determination Regarding Partially Hydrogenated Oils (Removing Trans Fat)

Measures to limit or virtually eliminate industrially-produced trans fatty acids in food intended for the final consumer and/or for supply to retail. Based on the available scientific evidence and the findings of expert scientific panels, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA or we) has made a final determination that there is no longer a consensus among qualified experts that partially hydrogenated oils (PHOs), which are the primary dietary source of industrially-produced trans fatty acids (IP–TFA) are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) for any use in human food. (Available only in English language)

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:FDA
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/25331 (last accessed 16.08.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

Navajo Nation - Junk food tax

The Junk Food Tax applies to the sale of junk food when the transfer of ownership and/or risk of loss occur within the Navajo Nation. “Junk food” means ‘minimal-to-no nutritional value food” as defined by the Junk Food Statute, it includes: sugar-sweetened beverages, pre-packaged and non-pre-packaged snacks stripped of essential nutrients and high in salt, saturated fat and sugar including sweets, chips and crisps. The tax has been effective since April 1, 2015, at a rate of 2%.

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Navajo Nation Council
Linked document:Download linked document

Pharmacological management of obesity: an endocrine Society clinical practice guideline

Clinical practice guidelines for the pharmacological management of obesity.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Apovian C.M, Aronne L.J, Bessesen D.H, McDonnell M.E, Murad M.H, Pagotto U, Ryan D.H, Still C.D; Endocrine Society.
Find out more:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
References:Apovian CM, Aronne LJ, Bessesen DH, McDonnell ME, Murad MH, Pagotto U, Ryan DH, Still CD; Endocrine Society. Pharmacological management of obesity: an endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Feb;100(2):342-62. doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-3415. Epub 2015 Jan 15. Erratum in: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 May;100(5):2135-6. PMID: 25590212.

The New York City Health Code

Article 81 of the New York City Health Code (addition of section 81.49) states that chain restaurants must put a warning label on menus and menu boards (a salt-shaker symbol) when dishes contain 2,300mg of sodium or more. It came into effect on 1 December 2015 and applies to food service establishments with 15 or more locations nationwide.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:City of New York
Find out more:www1.nyc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:City of New York. https://www1.nyc.gov/site/doh/about/about-doh/health-code-and-rules.page [Last Accessed 09.09.20]

Choose Health LA

Choose Health LA is a local initiative of the Los Angeles County Department of Public Health to prevent and control chronic disease in Los Angeles County. It aims to improve nutrition, increasing physical activity and reduce obesity in LA County.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Los Angeles County Department of Public Health
Find out more:www.choosehealthla.com

Healthy Food Financing Initiative (HFFI)

The Healthy Food Financing Initiative (HFFI) provides loans, grants, and technical assistance resources to improve and support access to fresh, healthy, affordable food in urban and rural underserved communities (food deserts).

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Find out more:www.rd.usda.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:USDA. Healthy Food Financing Initiative. [online] Available at: https://www.rd.usda.gov/about-rd/initiatives/healthy-food-financing-initiative [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

High Obesity Program (HOP)

CDC’s HOP is a 5-year cooperative agreement to fund 16 land-grant universities to work with community extension services. HOP supports policy, systems, and environmental changes to address health disparities related to nutrition, physical activity, and obesity. The program's goal is to improve access to healthier foods and safe places for physical activity. HOP works in primarily rural areas where 40% or more of adults have obesity.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Find out more:www.cdc.gov
References:CDC. High Obesity Program. [online]. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/hop/php/about/index.html [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

Menu Labeling Requirements

Menu labeling requirements that apply to restaurants and similar retail food establishments that are part of a chain with 20 or more locations. Covered establishments must disclose the number of calories contained in standard items on menus and menu boards. For self-service foods and foods on display, calories must be listed in close proximity and clearly associated with the standard menu item.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene
Organisation:Food and Drug Administration
Find out more:www.fda.gov
Linked document:Download linked document

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) - Plan of Action for the Prevention of Obesity in Children and Adolescents

This 5-year action plan was signed by PAHO member countries, aiming to halt the rise in obesity among children and adolescents. It calls for a number of policies, including taxes on unhealthy food and drink, labelling and marketing regulation, health promotion, school nutrition improvement, and breastfeeding promotion.

Categories:Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy/Recommendations or Action Plan
Year(s):2014-2019
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Pan American Health Organisation (PAHO), WHO for the Americas
Find out more:iris.paho.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:PAHO. Plan of Action for the Prevention of Obesity in Children and Adolescents. WHO; 2014.

Plan of Action for the Prevention of Obesity in Children and Adolescents

This is a 5 year plan of action that calls for the implementation of fiscal policies such as taxes on sugar-sweetened beverages, regulation of food marketing and labelling, improvement of school nutrition and physical activity environments and promotion of breast-feeding and healthy eating across the Pan American region.

Categories:Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy/Recommendations or Action Plan
Year(s):2014-2019
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Pan America Health Organisation (PAHO)
Find out more:www.paho.org
Linked document:Download linked document

Smart Snacks in Schools

Smart Snacks in Schools standards were introduced in 2014, requiring all foods sold at schools participating in national meal programs to meet nutrition standards. This applies to food sold a la carte, in the school store, in vending machines, and in any other venues where food is sold to students. In states which are required to follow these standards, students consumed less fat and added sugar. Beginning in 2016, marketing for products not meeting these Smart Snacks standards was also prohibited on school property. However, this does not apply to brand marketing.

Categories:Evidence of School Food Regulations
Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Find out more:www.fns.usda.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Global Food Research Program at UNC-Chapel Hill. 2025. Policies to support nutritious School food environments. Available at: https://www.globalfoodresearchprogram.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/GFRP-Factsheet_School-Food_Mar-2025.pdf [Accessed 21.05.25]

Eat Smart Move More

Eat Smart, Move More' North Carolina is a statewide movement that promotes increased opportunities for healthy eating and physical activity wherever people live, learn, earn, play and pray. The work includes North Carolina’s Plan to Address Overweight and Obesity, which is a guide of evidence-informed or evidence-based strategies for anyone working in the area of overweight and obesity prevention.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2013 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:North Carolina Division of Public Health
Find out more:www.eatsmartmovemorenc.com

Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults

Clinical practice guidelines for assessment of cardiovascular risk, lifestyle modifications to reduce cardiovascular risk, management of blood cholesterol in adults, and management of overweight and obesity in adults.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2013 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene
Organisation:American College of Cardiology (ACC), American Heart Association (AHA), The Obesity Society (TOS)
Find out more:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Jensen, M.D, et al. 2014. 2013 AHA/ACC/TOS Guideline for the Management of Overweight and Obesity in Adults A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and The Obesity Society. HHS Author Manuscripts. 129(25 Suppl 2): S102–S138.

Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement: Prevention and Management of Obesity for Adults, 2013

Guidelines on the prevention and management of obesity in adults.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2013 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene
Organisation:Fitch A, Everling L, Fox C, Goldberg J, Heim C, Johnson K, Kaufman T, Kennedy E, Kestenbaun C, Lano_x000D__x000D_ M, Leslie D, Newell T, O’Connor P, Slusarek B, Spaniol A, Stovitz S, Webb B.
Find out more:www.healthpartners.com
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Fitch A, Everling L, Fox C, Goldberg J, Heim C, Johnson K, Kaufman T, Kennedy E, Kestenbaun C, Lano M, Leslie D, Newell T, O’Connor P, Slusarek B, Spaniol A, Stovitz S, Webb B. Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement. Prevention and Management of Obesity for Adults. Updated May 2013. Available from: https://www.healthpartners.com/ucm/groups/public/@hp/@public/documents/documents/cntrb_037112.pdf. [Accessed 7th January 2019].

Strategies to Prevent Obesity and Other Chronic Diseases: The CDC Guide to Strategies to Support Breastfeeding Mothers and Babies

Guidance for public health professionals and others on how to select strategies to support breastfeeding mothers and increase breastfeeding rates.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Year(s):2013 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Find out more:www.usbreastfeeding.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2013. Strategies to Prevent Obesity and Other Chronic Diseases: The CDC Guide to Strategies to Support Breastfeeding Mothers and Babies. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2013. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/pdf/BF-Guide-508.PDF. [Accessed 7th January 2019].

7 CFR Parts 210 and 220 Nutrition Standards in the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs

National mandatory standards for food available in schools. This final rule updates the meal patterns and nutrition standards for the National School Lunch and School Breakfast Programs to align them with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. This rule requires most schools to increase the availability of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and fat-free and low-fat fluid milk in school meals; reduce the levels of sodium, saturated fat and trans fat in meals; and meet the nutrition needs of school children within their calorie requirements. These improvements to the school meal programs, largely based on recommendations made by the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies, are expected to enhance the diet and health of school children, and help mitigate the childhood obesity trend. (Available only in English)

Categories:Evidence of School Food Regulations
Year(s):2012 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/43623 (last accessed 16.08.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

Fit NOLA

Since 2012, the Fit NOLA partnership has been committed to ensuring that all New Orleanians have access to community resources that promote nutritional foods and physical activity. The ultimate goal of the initiative is to increase physical activity and healthier eating.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2012 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:City of New Orleans Health Department and local organisations
Find out more:www.nola.gov
Linked document:Download linked document

Food Fit Philly

Food Fit Philly is part of Get Healthy Philly, the Division of Chronic Disease and Injury Prevention for the Philadelphia Department of Public Health. Get Healthy Philly's goal is to make healthy choices easier by 1) Ensuring that all Philadelphians have access to healthy and affordable food. 2) Reducing the consumption and marketing of sugary drinks and junk foods among children and adults. 3) Creating safe spaces for physical activity in communities, including walking and cycling.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2012 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Philadelphia Department of Public Health
Find out more:www.foodfitphilly.org

Philadelphia Healthy Chinese Take-Out Initiative

In 2012, the Philadelphia Healthy Chinese Take-Out Initiative was established in partnership with Temple University’s Center for Asian Health, the Asian Community Health Coalition, the Greater Philadelphia Chinese Restaurant Association and the Philadelphia Department of Public Health. The aim of the initiative is to reduce the sodium content of dishes and to promote awareness of the impact of sodium consumption on health. As part of the initiative, restaurant owners and chefs received support and training on reducing sodium in their menu. An evaluation study found that the initiative led to sustained, meaningful reductions in the sodium content of food from 2012 to 2015.

Categories:Training
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2012-2013
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Philadelphia Department of Public Health
Find out more:policydatabase.wcrf.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Ma, G.X., Shive, S.E., Zhang, G., Aquilante, J., Tan, Y., Pharis, M., Bettigole, C., Lawman, H., Wagner, A., Zhu, L., Zeng, Q. and Wang, M.Q. (2018). Evaluation of a Healthy Chinese Take-Out Sodium-Reduction Initiative in Philadelphia Low-Income Communities and Neighborhoods. Public Health Reports, [online] 133(4), pp.472–480. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0033354918773747. ‌

Shop Healthy NYC

Shop Healthy NYC is an initiative that aims to increase access to healthy food. It aims to influence supply and demand by: reaching out to food retailers to increase stock and promotion of healthy foods, including intensively working with stores to meet specific goals; collaborating with distributors and suppliers to facilitate wholesale purchases and widespread promotion of healthy foods; and engaging community constituents (customers) to support participating retailers and increase neighborhood access to healthy foods.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Year(s):2012 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:New York City Health Department
Find out more:www.nyc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Nyc.gov. Shop Healthy - NYC Health. [online] Available at: https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/neighborhood-health/shop-health.page [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

Strong4Life

Strong4Life is a wellness movement designed to ignite societal change and reverse the epidemic of childhood obesity and its associated diseases in Georgia. Strong4Life reaches families through public awareness, policy change efforts, school programs, healthcare provider programs, and community partnerships.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2012 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
Find out more:www.strong4life.com

Food Hero

Food Hero's mission is to help low-income Oregonians improve their health through the increased consumption of fruits and vegetables. Food Hero helps families budget for, plan, and createcountless healthy, super tasty meals.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Non-national obesity strategies
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Oregon State University
Find out more:www.foodhero.org

Food Literacy Center

The Food Literacy Center is a non-profit organisation based in the Sacramento area. It aims to teach low-income elementary children cooking and nutrition to improve their health, environment and economy.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Food Literacy Center
Find out more:www.foodliteracycenter.org

Hawaii 5210 "Let's Go!"

Hawaii 5210 "Let's Go!" is an initiative to promote healthy eating and active living and prevent childhood obesity in Hawaii through a coordinated, collaborative, locally relevant health education campaign.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Hawaii Initiative for Childhood Obesity Research and Education
Find out more:www.hawaii5210.com

National Prevention Strategy

The National Prevention Strategy’s vision is Working together to improve the health and quality of life for individuals, families, and communities by moving the nation from a focus on sickness and disease to one based on prevention and wellness.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Linked document:Download linked document
References:National Prevention Council, National Prevention Strategy, Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General, 2011.

San Francisco - Healthy Food Incentives Ordinance

The first citywide ordinance to improve the nutritional standards of children’s meals sold at restaurants by preventing the giving away of free toys or other incentives with meals unless nutritional criteria were met. An impact study found that two chain restaurants made menu changes to decrease the calorie content. However, they continued to offer toys with unhealthy meal purchases for a small fee of $0.10 USD.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:San Francisco Department of Public Health
Find out more:www.cdc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:tten JJ, Saelens BE, Kapphahn KI, Hekler EB, Buman MP, Goldstein BA, et al. Impact of San Francisco’s Toy Ordinance on Restaurants and Children’s Food Purchases, 2011–2012. Prev Chronic Dis 2014;11:140026. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd11.140026

School Health Guidelines to Promote Healthy Eating and Physical Activity

CDC integrated research and best practices related to promoting healthy eating and physical activity in schools, culminating in the School Health Guidelines. There are 9 School Health Guidelines that serve as the foundation for developing, implementing, and evaluating school-based healthy eating and physical activity policies and practices for students.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Find out more:www.cdc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. School Health Guidelines to Promote Healthy Eating and Physical Activity. MMWR 2011;60

Strategies to Prevent Obesity and Other Chronic Diseases: The CDC Guide to Strategies to Increase Physical Activity in the Community

This document provides guidance for program managers, policy makers, and others on how to select strategies to increase physical activity in the community.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Find out more:www.cdc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Strategies to Prevent Obesity and Other Chronic Diseases: The CDC Guide to Strategies to Increase Physical Activity in the Community. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; 2011.

The American Board of Obesity Medicine (ABOM)

The American Board of Obesity Medicine (ABOM) provides training and certifications in managing and treating obesity for physicians.

Categories:Training
Year(s):2011 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene
Organisation:The American Board of Obesity Medicine
Find out more:www.abom.org
References:American Board of Obesity Medicine. History [online] Available at: https://www.abom.org/history/ [Accessed 20 May 2025]. ‌

Healthy People 2020

Healthy People 2020 aims to identify nationwide improvement priorities, increase public awareness and understanding of the determinants of health and disease, provide measurable objectives and goals, engage multiple sectors and identify critical research, evaluation and data collection needs.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2010-2020
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:U.S Department of Health and Human Services
Find out more:www.healthypeople.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:U.S Department of Health and Human Services

Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act of 2010

The Healthy, Hunger-Free Kids Act is a federal statute signed into law by President Barack Obama on December 13, 2010. The legislation authorized funding and set policy for USDA's core child nutrition programs. The statute required the USDA to create updated school meal and competitive food standards that aligned with the concurrent version of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (2010). It required meals served in the National School Lunch Program (NSLP) or School Breakfast Program (SBP) to meet these guidelines. This has led to significant improvements in the nutritional profile of school meals.

Categories:Evidence of School Food Regulations
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2010 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:U.S Government
Find out more:www.fns.usda.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Gearan, E.C. and Fox, M.K. (2020). Updated Nutrition Standards Have Significantly Improved the Nutritional Quality of School Lunches and Breakfasts. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, [online] 120(3), pp.363–370. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jand.2019.10.022 ‌

Philly Food Bucks

A programme to incentivise recipients of income assistance under the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) to purchase fresh produce. For every $5 spent using SNAP at participating markets, shoppers receive a $2 Food Bucks coupon for fresh fruits and vegetables, increasing their purchasing power by 40%.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2010 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Philadelphia Department of Public Health and The Food Trust
Find out more:thefoodtrust.org
References:The Food Trust. Food Bucks. [online] Available at: https://thefoodtrust.org/what-we-do/food-bucks/ [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

Salad bars to schools

Healthy school lunch initiative aiming to provide every school in the US with a salad bar to help ensure that every child has access to fruit, vegetables,fibre, wholegrains and healthy protein.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2010 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Chef Ann Foundation, National Fruit and Vegetable Alliance, United Fresh Start Foundation, and Whole Foods Market
Find out more:www.saladbars2schools.org
References:Salad bars to schools. (2019). Available from: http://www.saladbars2schools.org/. [Accessed 2 May 2019].

Solving the Problem of Childhood Obesity in a Generation

White House Task Force on Childhood Obesity’s action plan for solving the problem of childhood obesity in a generation. commendations focus on the four priority areas set forth in the Memorandum: (1) empowering parents and caregivers; (2) providing healthy food in schools; (3) improving access to healthy, affordable foods; and (4) increasing physical activity

Categories (partial):Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Year(s):2010 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:White House Task Force
Linked document:Download linked document

Massachusetts State Agency Food Standards

All state agencies in Massachusetts must ensure that they purchase and provide food that meets defined nutrition standards, based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Vending machines or independent concessions that provide food for sale are excluded. These standards are intended to promote healthier eating habits and address the high prevalence of overweight and obesity.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Non-national obesity strategies
Year(s):2009 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Commonwealth of Massachusetts
Find out more:www.mass.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Mass.gov. No. 509: Establishing nutrition standards for food purchased and served by state agencies. [online] Available at: https://www.mass.gov/executive-orders/no-509-establishing-nutrition-standards-for-food-purchased-and-served-by-state-agencies [Accessed 20 May 2025]. ‌

National Salt and Sugar Reduction Initiative (NSSRI)

The National Salt and Sugar Reduction Initiative (NSSRI) is a partnership of over 100 local, state and national health organizations that sets targets for salt and sugar reduction in packaged and restaurant food, and encourages food companies to make voluntary commitments to meet these targets. A number of companies have committed to reduce salt in their products. The initial phase of this effort, the National Salt Reduction Initiative (NSRI), was launched in 2009. In 2018, NSRI became The National Salt and Sugar Reduction Initiative (NSSRI), and in 2021, set targets for sugar reduction.

Categories:Industry/Government regulations - voluntary/pledges
Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2009 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:The New York City Health Department
Find out more:www.nyc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Nyc.gov. National Salt and Sugar Reduction Initiative (NSSRI) - NYC Health. [online] Available at: https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/national-salt-sugar-reduction-initiative.page [Accessed 20 May 2025]. ‌

Recommended Community Strategies and Measurements to Prevent Obesity in the United States

The document recommends 24 strategies for obesity prevention. There is a suggested measurement for each strategy that communities can use to assess performance and track progress over time. The 24 strategiesare divided into six categories: 1) strategies to promote the availability of affordable healthy food and beverages), 2) strategies to support healthy food and beverage choices, 3) a strategy to encourage breastfeeding, 4) strategies to encourage physical activity or limit sedentary activity among children and youth, 5) strategies to create safe communities that support physical activity, and 6) a strategy to encourage communities to organise for change.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2009 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Find out more:www.cdc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Keener, D., Goodman, K., Lowry, A., Zaro, S., & Kettel Khan, L. (2009). Recommended community strategies and measurements to prevent obesity in the United States: Implementation and measurement guide. Atlanta, GA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP)

The Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program (FFVP) is a federally assisted program providing free fresh fruits and vegetables to children at eligible elementary schools during the school day. The goal of the FFVP is to introduce children to fresh fruits and vegetables, to include new and different varieties, and to increase overall acceptance and consumption of fresh, unprocessed produce among children. The FFVP also encourages healthier school environments by promoting nutrition education.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2008 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Find out more:www.fns.usda.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:USDA. Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Program | Food and Nutrition Service. [online] Available at: https://www.fns.usda.gov/ffvp/fresh-fruit-and-vegetable-program [Accessed 20 May 2025]. ‌

Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (PAG) are an essential resource for health professional and policymakers. They provide guidance on how children and adults can improve their health through physical activity.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2008-2018
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Linked document:Download linked document

Maine - Ban on brand-specific advertising of unhealthy food in schools

In 2007, Maine became the first state to pass legislation limiting the marketing of foods of minimal nutritional value (FMNV) on public kindergarten through 12th-grade school campuses. Despite this ban, a 2012 study found that there was still widespread marketing of non-nutritious foods and beverages.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2007 (ongoing)
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Polacsek M et al. (2012) Examining compliance with a statewide law banning junk food and beverage marketing in schools. Public Health Reports, 127(2), 216-223.

Mandatory labeling of trans fatty acids

Trans fatty acid content must be declared in the nutrition label of packaged foods and drinks.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2006 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Food and Drug Administration
Find out more:www.fda.gov
References:U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Guidance on Trans Fatty Acids in Labeling and Claims. [online]. Available at: https://www.fda.gov/regulatory-information/search-fda-guidance-documents/small-entity-compliance-guide-trans-fatty-acids-nutrition-labeling-nutrient-content-claims-and [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

New York City - Health Bucks

New York City’s Health Bucks Program provides Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) recipients with a $2 coupon that can be used to purchase fresh fruit and vegetables for every $5 spent using SNAP benefits at participating farmers markets. Non-profit organisations can also apply for free Health Bucks to distribute to community members.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Non-national obesity strategies
Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2006 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:New York City Health Department
Find out more:www.nyc.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Nyc.gov. Health Bucks - NYC Health. [online] Available at: https://www.nyc.gov/site/doh/health/health-topics/health-bucks.page [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

The Consortium to Lower Obesity in Chicago Children (CLOCC)

CLOCC is a nationally recognized childhood obesity prevention program. CLOCC aims to address childhood obesity by promoting healthy and active lifestyles for children throughout the Chicago metropolitan area.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2002 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:Consortium to Lower Obesity in Chicago Children
Find out more:www.clocc.net

Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH)

REACH is a CDC-funded program that aims to improve health, prevent chronic diseases, and reduce health disparities among racial and ethnic populations with the highest risk, or burden, of chronic disease. The CDC funds local organisations to enact public health strategies, including fruit and vegetable vouchers, physical activity programmes, and education.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Categories (partial):Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):1999 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Find out more:www.cdc.gov
References:CDC. About REACH. [online] REACH. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/reach/php/about/index.html [Accessed 19 May 2025]. ‌

Detroit Zoning Ordinance

Detroit’s zoning ordinance (1998) requires a distance of at least 500 feet between elementary, junior and senior high schools and restaurants, including carry-out, fast food and drive-through restaurants.

Categories:Non-national obesity strategies
Year(s):1998 (ongoing)
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:City of Detroit
Find out more:policydatabase.wcrf.org
Linked document:Download linked document

Food Labeling: Mandatory Status of Nutrition Labeling and Nutrient Content Revision, Format for Nutrition Label

Mandatory nutritional labelling on the backs of packaged foods and drinks is in place. However, front-of-package (FOP) labeling is not mandatory.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):1994 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Food and Drug Administration, HHS
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/22916 (last accessed 10.08.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

5 A Day for Better Health Program

The National Cancer Institute's '5 A Day for Better Health Program' is a national program that approaches Americans with a simple, positive message: Eat 5 or more servings of vegetables and fruit daily for better health. The Program, a partnership between the vegetable and fruit industry and the NCI, has four major components: mass media, point of purchase, community coalitions, and research.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):1991 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:The National Cancer Institute (NCI)
Linked document:Download linked document

California Project LEAN

California Project LEAN (Leaders Encouraging Activity and Nutrition) is a program run by the Public Health Institute. California Project LEAN works to advance nutrition and physical activity policy in schools, early childcare and other community settings in order to prevent obesity and its associated chronic diseases.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):1987 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:Public Health Institute
Find out more:www.californiaprojectlean.org

Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)

WIC provides free healthy food items, now through an Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) card, as well as breastfeeding support and nutrition education.

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):1972 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Find out more:www.fns.usda.gov

The Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP)

The Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) is a federally-funded programme that offers nutrition education to limited-resource families and children in all 50 states and U.S. territories.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):1969 (ongoing)
Target age group:Erwachsene und Kinder
Organisation:United States Department of Agriculture, National Institute of Food and Agriculture (USDA NIFA)
Find out more:nifa.usda.gov

4-H Healthy Living Programs

4-H Healthy Living programs aim to help 4-H youth learn how to lead lives that balance physical, mental, and emotional health. 4-H healthy living programs are available through local 4-H clubs and through grant-funded programs. Focus areas for 4-H healthy living programs include nutrition, childhood obesity, drug awareness, bullying prevention, health and fitness, safety, stress management, and food science.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Target age group:Kinder
Organisation:4-H
Find out more:www.4-h.org

Childhood Overweight and Obesity Task Force

National Multisectoral stakeholder mechanism in place (such as Coalition, Taskforce, Committee) for Obesity or Nutrition (including obesity).

Categories:Evidence of a multi-sectoral national coordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)
Target age group:Kinder

GNPR 2016-17 (q7) Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling

WHO Global Nutrition Policy Review 2016-2017 reported the evidence of breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling (q7)

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Target age group:Erwachsene
Organisation:Ministry of Health (information provided by the GINA progam)
Find out more:extranet.who.int
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

Contextual factors

Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.

Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.

Labelling

Is there mandatory nutrition labelling?Present
Front-of-package labelling?Absent
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration?Present
Color coding?Absent
Warning label?Absent

Regulation and marketing

Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products?Absent
Tax on unhealthy foods?Absent
Tax on unhealthy drinks?Absent
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products?Absent
Subsidy on fruits?Absent
Subsidy on vegetables?Absent
Subsidy on other healthy products?Absent
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)?Present
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? Present
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? Present
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media?Absent
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media?Absent
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools?Present
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products?Absent
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement?Absent

Political will and support

National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy?Present
National obesity strategy?Absent
National childhood obesity strategy?Absent
Comprehensive nutrition strategy?Present
Comprehensive physical activity strategy?Present
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs?Present
National target(s) on reducing obesity?Present
Promotion of breastfeeding?Present

Monitoring and surveillance

Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors?Present
Within 5 years?Present

Governance and resource

Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)?Present

Key

Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown

Last updated June 16, 2025

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Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions

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