• Deskrizzjoni Ġenerali
  • Prevalenza tal-obeżità
  • Xejriet maż-żmien
  • Contextual factors
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Riskju nazzjonali tal-obeżità *7/10This is a composite ‘obesity risk’ score (out of 10, the highest risk) based on obesity prevalence, rate of increase, likelihood of meeting the 2025 target, treatment indicator and childhood stunting levels.Riskju ta' obeżità fit-tfal *7.5/11This is a ‘risk score’ for each country’s likelihood of having or acquiring a major childhood obesity problem during the 2020s, taking account of current prevalence levels and risk for future obesity (based on stunting among infants, maternal obesity, maternal smoking, and breastfeeding rates).
* Ibbażat fuq dejta stmata. Għal aktar informazzjoni ara l-Pubblikazzjonijiet

Prevalenza tal-obeżità

Xejriet maż-żmien

Report cards

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Report card (adult data)

Report card (child data)

Tqassim tal-popolazzjoni

Skont l-edukazzjoni

Skont l-età

Skont ir-reġjun

Skont il-grupp soċjoekonomiku

Skont l-etniċità

Limited activity

Double Burden

Kawżi

Attività insuffiċjenti

Konsum taz-zokkor

Konsum ta' minerali

Konsum tal-ħelu

Konsum ta' ikla ħafifa ħelwa/mielħa

Konsum tal-frott

Konsum tal-ħaxix

Konsum tal-laħam ipproċessat

Konsum ta' qmuħ

Depressjoni

Ansjetà

Għeruq tal-obeżità »

Like all chronic diseases, the root causes/drivers of obesity are complex. Select here to view 'other' root causes/drivers.

Unaffordable diet

Komorbiditajiet

Kanċer tal-esofagu

Kanċer tas-sider

Kanċer kolorettali

Kanċer tal-frixa

Kanċer tal-marrara

Kanċer tal-kliewi

Kanċer tal-utru

Pressjoni għolja tad-demm

Kolesterol għoli

Zokkor fid-demm għoli waqt is-sawm

Prevalenza tad-dijabete

Ovarian Cancer

Leukemia

Liver & bile duct cancer

Mulitple Myeloma

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Thyroid Cancer

Impatt ekonomiku

Impatt ekonomiku

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Politiki

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Contextual factors

Contextual factors

Prevalenza tal-obeżità

Adulti, 2023-2024

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:21032
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Encuesta de Salud de España – ESdE 2023 (ESdE2023). https://vsf-iwsold-pro-01.mscbs.gob.es/estadEstudios/estadisticas/encuestaSaludEspana/home.htm [Accessed 10.07.25]
Noti:Sample size includes all aged 15+, but this data only includes those aged 18+
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 2022

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:16+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Eurostat 2022 Data. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/databrowser/view/ilc_hch10/default/table?lang=en (last accessed 19.03.25)
Noti:EUROSTAT 2022 data derived from EU statistics on income and living conditions (EU-SILC) survey which includes adults aged 16+ years. This differs from most EUROSTAT data which is derived from the Health Interview Surveys, which includes adults aged 15+ years (though sometimes only data from adults aged 18+ reported)
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 2019-2020

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:15+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:22,072
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Encuesta Europea de Salud en España (EESE) 2020. Available at: https://www.mscbs.gob.es/estadEstudios/estadisticas/EncuestaEuropea/EncuestaEuropea2020/EESE2020_inf_evol_princip_result.pdf. Last accessed: 27.05.21.
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 2019

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:18+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Eurostat 2019. Data available at https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1i&lang=en (last accessed 09.08.21)
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 2017

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:23089
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:ENES 2017 available at https://www.mscbs.gob.es/estadEstudios/estadisticas/encuestaNacional/encuesta2017.htm (last accessed 03.03.21)
Noti:Sample size is for 15+ Years (only 18+ years included below)
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 2014-2015

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:25-64
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:3966
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Aranceta-Bartrina, J. et al. (2016) 'Prevalence of General Obesity and Abdominal Obesity in the Spanish Adult Population (Aged 25-64 Years) 2014-2015: The ENPE Study', Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed), 69(6), pp. 579-87. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2016.02.009. Epub 2016 Apr 26
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 2014

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:18+
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Eurostat Database:http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=hlth_ehis_bm1e&lang=en (last accessed 25.08.20)
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 2008-2010

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:18+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:12036
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Gutierrez-Fisac JL, Guallar-Castillion P, Leon-Munoz LM, Graciani A, Banegas JR & Rodriguez-Artalejo F. Prevalence of general and abdominal obesity in the adult population of Spain, 2008-2010. Obesity Reviews early online 12th Dec 2011.
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 2001

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:6569
Referenzi:http://www.fnri.dost.gov.ph/files/fnri%20files/nns/factsandfigures2003/anthropometric.pdf last accessed June 14th 2011
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 1990-2001

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:20+
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:20589
Erja Koperta:Reġjonali
Referenzi:Serra Majem L, Ribas Barba L, Aranceta-Bartrina J, Pérez Rodrigo C, Saavedra Santana P, Peña Quintana L. Obesidad infantil y juvenil en España. Resultados del estudio enKid (1998-2000). Med Clin (Barc). 2003, 121 (19): 725-732. Aranceta-Bartrina J, Serra-Majem L, Foz-sala M, Moreno-Esteban B; Grupo Colaborativo SEEDO. Prevalencia de obesidad en España. Med Clin (Barc). 2005, 125 (12): 460-6. Gutierrez-Fisac JL, López E, Banegas JR, Graciani A, Rodríguez-Artalejo F (2004). Prevalence of overweight and obesity in elderly people in Spain. Obes Res; 12 (4): 710-715.
Noti:Pooled analysis of random regional population samples: 1998 - 2000 1990 - 2000 2001
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Adulti, 1990-1994

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:25-60
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:5388
Referenzi:Aranceta J, Perex Rodrigo C, Serra Majem LI et al. Prevalence od Obesity in Spain: SEEDO'97 study. Spanish Collaborative Group for the Study of Obesity. Med Clin (Barc). 1998;117:441-5
Sakemm ma jiġix indikat mod ieħor, il-piż żejjed jirreferi għal BMI bejn 25kg u 29.9kg/m², l-obeżità tirreferi għal BMI akbar minn 30kg/m².
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Tfal, 2023-2024

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:12678
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:ALADINO Study 2023 (Preview). https://www.aesan.gob.es/AECOSAN/docs/documentos/nutricion/ALADINO_AESAN.pdf (Accessed 26.09.24)
Noti:The study is part of the Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI),
Cutoffs:WHO
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Tfal, 2023-2024

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:2-17
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:3,641
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Encuesta de Salud de España – ESdE 2023 (ESdE2023). https://vsf-iwsold-pro-01.mscbs.gob.es/estadEstudios/estadisticas/encuestaSaludEspana/home.htm [Accessed 10.07.25]
Noti:Sample size unavailable for ages 2-17, sample size given is for ages 0-14
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 2022-2023

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:8-16
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:3201
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:PASOS 2022 Study. https://gasolfoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/07/GF-PASOS-2023-v7.pdf (Accessed 10.07.24)
Cutoffs:WHO
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Tfal, 2022-2024

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI): A brief review of results from round 6 of COSI (2022-2024). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Cutoffs:WHO 2007
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Tfal, 2021-2022

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Irrappurtat mill-persuna nnifisha
Età:13
Referenzi:Rakic JG, Hamrik Z, Dzielska A, Felder-Puig R, Oja L, Bakalár P et al. A focus on adolescent physical activity, eating behaviours, weight status and body image in Europe, central Asia and Canada. Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) international report from the 2021/2022 survey. Volume 4. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. 'Any translation was not created by the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO is not responsible for the content or accuracy of this translation. The original English edition shall be the binding and authentic edition'
Noti:HBSC aims to survey approximately 1500 pupils per age group in each country or region (totaling around 4500)
Cutoffs:+2SD
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Tfal, 2019-2020

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:8-16
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:3724
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Gómez SF, Homs C, Wärnberg J, et alStudy protocol of a population-based cohort investigating PhysCIal Activity, Sedentarism, lifestyles and Obesity in Spanish youth: the PASOS studyBMJ Open 2020;10:e036210. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-036210. Available at: https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/10/9/e036210. Further data provided by personal communication by Dr. SANTI F. GÓMEZ of the GASOL Foundation.
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 2019

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:16665
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ministerio de Consumo, Agency Espanola de seguirdad alimentaria y nutrction (2020) ALADINO 2019 Informe Breve. ESTUDIO SOBRE LA ALIMENTACIÓN, ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA, DESARROLLO INFANTIL Y OBESIDAD EN ESPAÑA 2019
Cutoffs:WHO
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Tfal, 2018-2020

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:4280
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Report on the fifth round of data collection, 2018–2020: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2022. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Cutoffs:WHO 2007
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Tfal, 2015-2016

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:10,899
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Estudio ALADINO Estudio de Vigilancia del Crecimiento, Alimentación,Actividad Física, Desarrollo Infantil y Obesidad en España. 2015. Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad Agencia Española de Consumo, Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición, 2016. Available from: http://www.aecosan.msssi.gob.es/AECOSAN/docs/documentos/nutricion/observatorio/Estudio_ALADINO_2015.pdf (accesed 9th April 2019) [Article in Spanish].
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 2015-2016

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:10899
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ministerio de Consumo, Agency Espanola de seguirdad alimentaria y nutrction (2020) ALADINO 2019 Informe Breve. ESTUDIO SOBRE LA ALIMENTACIÓN, ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA, DESARROLLO INFANTIL Y OBESIDAD EN ESPAÑA 2019
Cutoffs:WHO
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Tfal, 2015-2016

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:2635
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI).
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Tfal, 2015-2016

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:2815
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI).
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Tfal, 2015-2016

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:8
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:2789
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI).
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Tfal, 2015-2016

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:2635
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI).
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Tfal, 2012

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:8-17
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:978
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Sánchez-Cruz JJ, Jiménez-Moleón JJ, Fernández-Quesada F, Sánchez MJ. Prevalence of Child and Youth Obesity in Spain in 2012.Rev Esp Cardiol. 2013 Jan 31. pii: S0300-8932(12)00640-9. doi: 10.1016/j.recesp.2012.10.016. [Epub ahead of print] In English & Spanish
Noti:International IOTF cut off points
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 2010

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:10-12
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:1008
Erja Koperta:Reġjonali
Referenzi:Brug J, van Stralen MM, te Velde SJ, Chinapaw MJM, De Bourdeaudhuij I, et al. (2012) Differences in Weight Status and Energy-Balance Related Behaviors among Schoolchildren across Europe: The ENERGY-Project. PLoS ONE 7(4): e34742. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0034742
Noti:IOTF International Cut Off
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 2010-2011

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:7659
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Napoleón Pérez-Farinós, Ana M. López-Sobaler, M. Ángeles Dal Re, Carmen Villar, Estefanía Labrado, Teresa Robledo, Rosa M. Ortega, "The ALADINO Study: A National Study of Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Spanish Children in 2011", BioMed Research International, vol. 2013, Article ID 163687, 7 pages, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/163687
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 2010-2011

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:6-9
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:7659
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Ministerio de Consumo, Agency Espanola de seguirdad alimentaria y nutrction (2020) ALADINO 2019 Informe Breve. ESTUDIO SOBRE LA ALIMENTACIÓN, ACTIVIDAD FÍSICA, DESARROLLO INFANTIL Y OBESIDAD EN ESPAÑA 2019
Cutoffs:WHO
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Tfal, 2009-2013

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:7-8
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:7747
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Spinelli et al (2019). 'Childhood Severe Obesity in Europe', Obes Facts.12, pp. 244–258. (Data from COSI round 1-3)
Noti:NOTE - this data is from COSI round II and III (2009- 2013) IOTF cut-offs used.
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 2000-2002

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:13-14
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Personal communication from LA Moreno
Noti:Large National Survey but sample size not specified IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 1998-2000

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:5-17
Id-daqs tal-kampjun:2057
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Serra Majem L, Ribas Barba L, Aranceta Bartrina J, Pérez Rodrigo C, Saavedra Santana P, Peña Quintana L. (2003). Obesidad infantil y juvenil en España. Resultados del estudio enKid (1998-2000). Medicina Clinica (Barc). 121 (19): 725 - 732
Noti:IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3.
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 1995-1996

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:13-14
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Personal communication from LA Moreno
Noti:Large National Survey but sample size not specified Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3
Cutoffs:IOTF
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Tfal, 1985-1986

Tip ta' stħarriġ:Imkejjel
Età:13-14
Erja Koperta:Nazzjonali
Referenzi:Personal communication from LA Moreno
Noti:Large National Survey but sample size not specified IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3
Cutoffs:IOTF
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