• Forbhreathnú
  • Leitheadúlacht murtaill
  • Treochtaí le himeacht ama
  • Miondealuithe daonra
  • Tiománaithe
  • Comhghalrachtaí
  • Tionchar eacnamaíoch
  • Polsaithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin)
  • Contextual factors
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Report cards

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Contextual factors

Leitheadúlacht murtaill

Daoine Fásta, 2024

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:15+
Samplamhéid:73544
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:General Authority for Statistics. Health Determinants Statistics Publication 2024. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Riyadh. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.sa/documents/20117/2435259/Health+Determinants+Statistics+Publication+2024+EN.pdf [Accessed 19.06.25]
Nótaí:Data from the National Health Survey, collected through computer-assisted personal interviews (CAPI)
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Daoine Fásta, 2019

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:18+
Samplamhéid:7890
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:2019 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia World Health Survey. https://www.moh.gov.sa/en/Ministry/Statistics/Population-Health-Indicators/Documents/World-Health-Survey-Saudi-Arabia.pdf (Accessed 16.11.2021)
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Daoine Fásta, 2013

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:15+
Samplamhéid:10735
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Saudi Health Interview Survey (SHIS)
Nótaí:NB. Combined adult data estimated. These estimates were calculated by weighting male and female survey results. Weighting based on World Bank Population % total female 2019 (https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS - accessed 08.10.20)'
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Daoine Fásta, 2005

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:25-64
Samplamhéid:3571
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Al-Hamdan, NA; Kutbi, A; Choudhry AJ; Nooh R; Shoukri M; Mujib, SA.WHO Stepwise approach to NCD Surveillance Country-Specific Standard Report Saudi Arabia (2005) Ministry of Health Saudia Arabia in colaboration with WHO, EMRO
Nótaí:Data for 15-24yrs also available
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Daoine Fásta, 1995-2000

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:30+
Samplamhéid:17223
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Mansour Al-Nozha, et al. (2005). Obesity in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Medical Journal, 26:824 - 829. WHO Infobase.
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Daoine Fásta, 1989-1994

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:18+
Samplamhéid:6253
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Osman AK, Al-Nozha MM. Risk factors of coronary artery disease in different regions of Saudi Arabia. Eastern Mediterranean health Journal;6:465-474
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Páistí, 2024

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:2-14
Samplamhéid:79723
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:General Authority for Statistics. Health Determinants Statistics Publication 2024. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Riyadh. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.sa/documents/20117/2435259/Health+Determinants+Statistics+Publication+2024+EN.pdf [Accessed 19.06.25]
Nótaí:Data from the Woman and Child Health Survey 2024, collected through computer-assisted personal interviews (CAPI). Sample size includes adult women not shown in this data.
Cutoffs:WHO

Páistí, 2020-2022

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:6-19
Samplamhéid:1134317
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Alhamed, A., Al-Zeer, A., Alsaawi, F., Alshaikh, A., Alzaher, A., Alkattan, A., Alrasheed, N., Sagor, K., Alsalem, E., Ibrahim, M. and Alfaleh, A., 2023. The shifting patterns of childhood obesity: Insights from national school screening data. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, p.101862.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Growth Charts for Saudi Children and Adolescents. BMI data were plotted on Saudi’s sex-specific percentile charts and categorized into four groups: underweight (less than the 5th percentile), normal weight (5th percentile to less than 85th percentile), overweight (85th to less than 95th percentile), obese (95th percentile or greater), and severe obesity (120% of the 95th percentile or greater)
Cutoffs:Other

Páistí, 2018-2019

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:6-14
Samplamhéid:444259
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Al Daajani, Manal M., Dina M. Al-Habib, Mona H. Ibrahim, Nora A. Al Shewear, Yahya M. Fagihi, Abrar A. Alzaher, Amjad F. Alfaleh, and Khaled I. Alabdulkareem 2021. "Prevalence of Health Problems Targeted by the National School-Based Screening Program among Primary School Students in Saudi Arabia, 2019" Healthcare 9, no. 10: 1310. https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9101310
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):BMI data were plotted on Saudi’s sex‐specific percentile charts and categorized into four groups: underweight (less than 5th percentile); normal weight (between 5th percentile and 85th percentile); overweight (between 85th and 95th percentile); and obesity (more than 95th percentile)
Cutoffs:Other

Páistí, 2017-2018

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:10-19
Samplamhéid:220842
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ibrahim, M., Albwardi, S., Alzaher, A., Nahhas, M. and Alabdulkareem, K., 2021. School-Based Body Mass Index Survey: A national study of Obesity Prevalence among School Students in Saudi Arabia, 2018: Obesity Prevalence among School Students in Saudi Arabia, 2018. Journal of Health Informatics in Developing Countries, 15(2).
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):BMI data were plotted on Saudi’s sex‐specific percentile charts.
Cutoffs:Other

Páistí, 2017-2019

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:6-13
Samplamhéid:2169
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Riyadh and Jeddah
Tagairtí:Al-Hazzaa, H.M. et al. (2022). Prevalence of overweight and obesity among saudi children: A comparison of two widely used international standards and the national growth references. Frontiers in Endocrinology, [online] 13. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.954755
Nótaí:WHO and KSA cut-off data also available in article
Cutoffs:IOTF

Páistí, 2015

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:6-16
Samplamhéid:7930
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Réigiúnach
Tagairtí:Al-Hussaini A, Bashir MS, Khormi M, et al. Overweight and obesity among Saudi children and adolescents: Where do we stand today?. Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2019;25(4):229–235. doi:10.4103/sjg.SJG_617_18
Nótaí:Region: Riyadh City (urban), WHO 2007 Cut Off
Cutoffs:WHO

Páistí, 2013-2014

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:15-18
Samplamhéid:968
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Subnational (Dammam)
Tagairtí:Musaiger A.O et al. 2016. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among adolescents in eight Arab countries: comparison between two international standards (ARABEAT-2). Nutr Hosp. 33(5). pp. 1062-1065.
Nótaí:IOTF cut-offs used NOTE: 2016 data available, sample size (1109). Al-Ghamdi et al. 2018. Prevalence of overweight and obesity based on the body mass index; a cross-sectional study in Alkharj, Saudi Arabia. Lipids in Health and Disease. 17 (134). Doi: 10.1186/s12944-018-0778-5.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Páistí, 2005

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:13-17
Samplamhéid:19317
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:El Mouzan MI, Foster PJ, Al Herbish AS et al. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in Saudi children and adolescents. Ann Saudi Med. 2010 May-Jun; 30(3): 203–208.
Nótaí:WHO 2007 Cut OFF. Not IOTF Cut off. Comparison with CDC cut off also available
Cutoffs:WHO

Páistí, 1994-1998

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:5-17
Samplamhéid:12698
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Elhazmi Mohsen AF and Warsy AS. (2002). The prevalence of overweight and obesity in 1 - 18 years-old Saudi Children. Annuals Saudi Medicals, 22(5-6):303 - 307.
Nótaí:IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3.
Cutoffs:IOTF

0-5 years, 2020

Aois:0-5
Samplamhéid:2645
Tagairtí:Surveillance: Saudi Arabia Nutrition Surveillance 2020
Nótaí:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2019

Aois:0-5
Samplamhéid:5181
Tagairtí:Surveillance: Saudi Arabia Nutrition Surveillance 2019
Nótaí:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2018

Aois:0-5
Samplamhéid:5954
Tagairtí:Surveillance: Saudi Arabia Health Monitoring System (2018 Extract)
Nótaí:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2017

Aois:0-5
Samplamhéid:6784
Tagairtí:Surveillance: Saudi Arabia Health Monitoring System (2017 Extract)
Nótaí:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2016

Aois:0-5
Samplamhéid:4797
Tagairtí:Surveillance: Saudi Arabia Nutrition Surveillance 2016
Nótaí:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2015

Aois:0-5
Samplamhéid:6890
Tagairtí:Surveillance: Saudi Arabia Nutrition Surveillance 2015
Nótaí:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 2004-2005

Aois:0-5
Samplamhéid:15601
Tagairtí:Other: Growth charts for Saudi children and adolescents. Saudi Medical Journal 2007;28:1555-68
Nótaí:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):=>+2SD

0-5 years, 1994

Aois:0-5
Samplamhéid:23821
Tagairtí:Other: Comparison of the growth standards between Saudi and American children aged 0-5 years. Saudi Medical Journal 2003;24:598-602 [Erratum Saudi Medical Journal 2003;24:1032]
Nótaí:UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):=>+2SD

Rómheáchán/murtall de réir oideachais

Daoine Fásta, 2019

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:18+
Samplamhéid:7890
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:2019 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia World Health Survey. https://www.moh.gov.sa/en/Ministry/Statistics/Population-Health-Indicators/Documents/World-Health-Survey-Saudi-Arabia.pdf (Accessed 16.11.2021)
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Páistí, 2017-2019

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:6-13
Samplamhéid:2169
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Riyadh and Jeddah
Tagairtí:Al-Hazzaa, H.M. et al. (2022). Prevalence of overweight and obesity among saudi children: A comparison of two widely used international standards and the national growth references. Frontiers in Endocrinology, [online] 13. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.954755
Nótaí:WHO and KSA cut-offs also available in article
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Highest level of maternal education
Cutoffs:IOTF

Páistí, 2006

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:6-16
Samplamhéid:1243
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Riyadh
Tagairtí:Al Alwan İ, Al Fattani A, Longford N. The Effect of Parental Socioeconomic Class on Children’s Body Mass Indices. Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology. 2013;5(2):110-115. doi:10.4274/Jcrpe.898.
Nótaí:Prevalence of overweight and obesity by Fathers Education Obesity and overweight were defined using the WHO 2007 growth standards.
Cutoffs:WHO

Rómheáchán/murtall de réir aoise

Daoine Fásta, 2019

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Samplamhéid:7890
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:2019 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia World Health Survey. https://www.moh.gov.sa/en/Ministry/Statistics/Population-Health-Indicators/Documents/World-Health-Survey-Saudi-Arabia.pdf (Accessed 16.11.2021)
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Daoine Fásta, 2013

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Samplamhéid:10735
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Saudi Health Interview Survey (SHIS) 2013. Ministry of Health. http://www.healthdata.org/sites/default/files/files/Projects/KSA/Saudi-Health-Interview-Survey-Results.pdf (last accessed 2 August 2016)
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Páistí, 2024

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Samplamhéid:79723
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:General Authority for Statistics. Health Determinants Statistics 2024. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/statistics-tabs/-/categories/123842?tab=436312&category=123842 [Accessed 19.06.25]
Nótaí:Data from the Woman and Child Health Survey 2024. Sample size includes adult women not shown in this data.
Cutoffs:WHO

Páistí, 2016-2021

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Samplamhéid:337,316
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Fonáisiúnta
Tagairtí:AlEnazi, S. et al. (2023). Prevalence of Obesity among Children and Adolescents in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences, [online] 11(1), pp.19–25. doi:https://doi.org/10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_417_22
Nótaí:The sample included children and adolescents who visited any healthcare facility within the National Guard Health System (5 hospitals and 24 primary care centers) across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia between 2016 and 2021. The five hospitals were in Riyadh, the Eastern Province (Dammam and Al Ahsa), Jeddah, and Madinah; there were no hospital or primary care centers in the Northern region. Children and adolescents with outlier anthropometric measurements, such as height >190 cm and weight <3 kg or >190 kg, were excluded.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Growth Charts for Saudi Children and Adolescents. BMI data were plotted on Saudi sex- and age-specific growth charts and categorized into four groups: underweight (<5th percentile), normal weight (5th to <85th percentile), overweight (≥85th to <95th percentile), and obese (≥95th).
Cutoffs:Other

Páistí, 2006

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Samplamhéid:7056
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Eastern Province
Tagairtí:Al-Dossary SS, Sarkis PE, Hassan A, Ezz El Regal M, Fouda AE. Obesity in Saudi children: a dangerous reality. East Mediterr Health J. 2010 Sep;16(9):1003-8.
Nótaí:This study used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2000 growth charts to define BMI. The children were classified into 3 weight categories: normal weight (BMI < 85th percentile for age and sex), overweight(BMI between 85th–95th percentiles) and obese (BMI > 95th percentile).
Cutoffs:CDC

Rómheáchán/murtall de réir réigiúin

Daoine Fásta, 2019

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:18+
Samplamhéid:7890
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:2019 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia World Health Survey. https://www.moh.gov.sa/en/Ministry/Statistics/Population-Health-Indicators/Documents/World-Health-Survey-Saudi-Arabia.pdf (Accessed 16.11.2021)
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Páistí, 2020-2022

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:6-19
Samplamhéid:1134317
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Alhamed, A., Al-Zeer, A., Alsaawi, F., Alshaikh, A., Alzaher, A., Alkattan, A., Alrasheed, N., Sagor, K., Alsalem, E., Ibrahim, M. and Alfaleh, A., 2023. The shifting patterns of childhood obesity: Insights from national school screening data. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, p.101862.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Growth Charts for Saudi Children and Adolescents. BMI data were plotted on Saudi’s sex-specific percentile charts and categorized into four groups: underweight (less than the 5th percentile), normal weight (5th percentile to less than 85th percentile), overweight (85th to less than 95th percentile), obese (95th percentile or greater), and severe obesity (120% of the 95th percentile or greater)
Cutoffs:Other

Buachaillí, 2009-2010

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:14-19
Samplamhéid:2,908
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Al-Hazzaa, Abahussain, Al-Sobayel, Qahwaji, Alsulaiman, and Musaiger. 2014. Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity among Urban Saudi Adolescents: Gender and Regional Variations. J Health Popul Nutr. 32(4). pp. 634-645.
Nótaí:IOTF cut-offs used.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Cailíní, 2009-2010

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:14-19
Samplamhéid:2,908
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Al-Hazzaa, Abahussain, Al-Sobayel, Qahwaji, Alsulaiman, and Musaiger. 2014. Prevalence of Overweight, Obesity, and Abdominal Obesity among Urban Saudi Adolescents: Gender and Regional Variations. J Health Popul Nutr. 32(4). pp. 634-645.
Nótaí:IOTF cut-offs used.
Cutoffs:IOTF

Rómheáchán/murtall de réir grúpa socheacnamaíoch

Daoine Fásta, 2019

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:18+
Samplamhéid:7890
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:2019 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia World Health Survey. https://www.moh.gov.sa/en/Ministry/Statistics/Population-Health-Indicators/Documents/World-Health-Survey-Saudi-Arabia.pdf (Accessed 16.11.2021)
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Páistí, 2017-2019

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:6-13
Samplamhéid:2169
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Riyadh and Jeddah
Tagairtí:Al-Hazzaa, H.M. et al. (2022). Prevalence of overweight and obesity among saudi children: A comparison of two widely used international standards and the national growth references. Frontiers in Endocrinology, [online] 13. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.954755
Nótaí:WHO and KSA cut-off data also available in article
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Annual family income in Saudi Riyal (SR)
Cutoffs:IOTF

Páistí, 2006

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:6-16
Samplamhéid:1243
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Riyadh
Tagairtí:Al Alwan &Idot;, Al Fattani A, Longford N. The Effect of Parental Socioeconomic Class on Children’s Body Mass Indices. Journal of Clinical Research in Pediatric Endocrinology. 2013;5(2):110-115. doi:10.4274/Jcrpe.898.
Nótaí:Prevalence of overweight and obesity by Income (Saudi Riyal/Month). Obesity and overweight were defined using the WHO 2007 growth standards.
Cutoffs:WHO

Rómheáchán/murtall de réir eitneachta

Ethnic groups are as defined by publication of origin and are not as defined by WOF. In some instances ethnicity is conflated with nationality and/or race.

Daoine Fásta, 2024

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:15+
Samplamhéid:73544
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:General Authority for Statistics. Health Determinants Statistics 2024. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/statistics-tabs/-/categories/123842?tab=436312&category=123842 [Accessed 19.06.25]
Nótaí:Data from National Health Survey 2024
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Nationality: Saudi or Non-Saudi
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Fir, 2024

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:15+
Samplamhéid:73544
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:General Authority for Statistics. Health Determinants Statistics 2024. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/statistics-tabs/-/categories/123842?tab=436312&category=123842 [Accessed 19.06.25]
Nótaí:Data from National Health Survey 2024
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Nationality: Saudi or Non-Saudi
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Mná, 2024

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:15+
Samplamhéid:73544
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:General Authority for Statistics. Health Determinants Statistics 2024. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/statistics-tabs/-/categories/123842?tab=436312&category=123842 [Accessed 19.06.25]
Nótaí:Data from National Health Survey 2024
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Nationality: Saudi or Non-Saudi
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Páistí, 2024

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:2-14
Samplamhéid:79723
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:'Body Mass Index (BMI) among children (2 - 14 years) by sex and nationality ' in General Authority for Statistics, Health Determinants Statistics 2024. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/statistics-tabs/-/categories/123842?tab=436312&category=123842 [Accessed 19.06.25]
Nótaí:Data from the Woman and Child Health Survey 2024. Sample size includes adult women not shown in this data.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Nationality: Saudi or Non-Saudi
Cutoffs:WHO

Buachaillí, 2024

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:2-14
Samplamhéid:79723
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:'Body Mass Index (BMI) among children (2 - 14 years) by sex and nationality ' in General Authority for Statistics, Health Determinants Statistics 2024. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/statistics-tabs/-/categories/123842?tab=436312&category=123842 [Accessed 19.06.25]
Nótaí:Data from the Woman and Child Health Survey 2024. Sample size includes adult women not shown in this data.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Nationality: Saudi or Non-Saudi
Cutoffs:WHO

Cailíní, 2024

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:2-14
Samplamhéid:79723
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:'Body Mass Index (BMI) among children (2 - 14 years) by sex and nationality ' in General Authority for Statistics, Health Determinants Statistics 2024. Available at: https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/statistics-tabs/-/categories/123842?tab=436312&category=123842 [Accessed 19.06.25]
Nótaí:Data from the Woman and Child Health Survey 2024. Sample size includes adult women not shown in this data.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Nationality: Saudi or Non-Saudi
Cutoffs:WHO

Double burden of underweight & overweight

Daoine Fásta, 2022

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:20+
Tagairtí:NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Nótaí:Age Standardised estimates
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Combined prevalence of BMI<18.5 kg/m² and BMI>=30 kg/m² (double burden of underweight and obesity)

Páistí, 2022

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:5-19
Tagairtí:NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC). Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults. Lancet 2024; published online Feb 29. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(23)02750-2.
Nótaí:Age standardised estimates
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Combined prevalence of BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD (double burden of thinness and obesity)
Cutoffs:BMI < -2SD and BMI > 2SD

0-5 years, 2020-2020

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:0-5
Tagairtí:UNICEF data available at https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/malnutrition/(last accessed 12.03.25)
Nótaí:Children under 5 falling below -2 standard deviations from the median height for age and falling at or above +2 standard deviations from the median weight-for-height of the reference population

Gníomhaíocht choirp neamhimleor

Daoine Fásta, 2022

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:18+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

Fir, 2022

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:18+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

Mná, 2022

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Féintuairiscithe
Aois:18+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:WHO (2024). Prevalence of insufficient physical activity among adults aged 18-years age-standardized estimate in 2022. Available at https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/indicators/indicator-details/GHO/prevalence-of-insufficient-physical-activity-among-adults-aged-18-years-(age-standardized-estimate)-(-)
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Percent of population attaining less than 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity per week, or less than 75 minutes of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week, or equivalent.

Daoine Fásta, 2016

Tagairtí:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Fir, 2016

Tagairtí:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Mná, 2016

Tagairtí:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7

Estimated per capita fruit intake

Daoine Fásta, 2017

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:25+
Tagairtí:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day)

Iontógáil mheasta feola próiseáilte per capita

Daoine Fásta, 2017

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:25+
Tagairtí:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)

Estimated per capita whole grains intake

Daoine Fásta, 2017

Cineál an tsuirbhé:Tomhaiste
Aois:25+
Tagairtí:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day)

Meabhairshláinte - neamhoird dúlagar

Daoine Fásta, 2021

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)

Fir, 2021

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)

Mná, 2021

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)

Daoine Fásta, 2015-2021

Tagairtí:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% of population with depression disorders

Daoine Fásta, 2015-2021

Tagairtí:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% of population with depression disorders

Fir, 2015-2021

Tagairtí:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% of population with depression disorders

Mná, 2015-2021

Tagairtí:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% of population with depression disorders

Páistí, 2021

Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)

Buachaillí, 2021

Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)

Cailíní, 2021

Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)

Meabhairshláinte - neamhoird imní

Daoine Fásta, 2021

Aois:20+
Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population

Fir, 2021

Aois:20+
Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population

Mná, 2021

Aois:20+
Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population

Daoine Fásta, 2015-2021

Tagairtí:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% of population with anxiety disorders

Daoine Fásta, 2015-2021

Tagairtí:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% of population with anxiety disorders

Fir, 2015-2021

Tagairtí:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% of population with anxiety disorders

Mná, 2015-2021

Tagairtí:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% of population with anxiety disorders

Páistí, 2021

Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)

Buachaillí, 2021

Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)

Cailíní, 2021

Tagairtí:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)

Ailse éasafagach

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Indicence per 100,000

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Indicence per 100,000

Fir, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Mná, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ailse chíche

Mná, 2022

Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Ailse cholaireicteach

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Fir, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Mná, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ailse phaincréasach

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Fir, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Mná, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ailse mháilín an domlais

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Indicence per 100,000

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Indicence per 100,000

Fir, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Mná, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ailse an duáin

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Fir, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Mná, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Ailse útarais

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Mná, 2020-2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2020). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.fr/today, accessed 10.01.2307
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-standardized indicence rates per 100 000

Brú fola ardaithe

Daoine Fásta, 2015

Tagairtí:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Fir, 2015

Tagairtí:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Mná, 2015

Tagairtí:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).

Colaistéaról ardaithe

Daoine Fásta, 2008

Tagairtí:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Fir, 2008

Tagairtí:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Mná, 2008

Tagairtí:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).

Glúcós fola céalacain ardaithe

Fir, 2014

Tagairtí:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Mná, 2014

Tagairtí:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).

Forleithne diaibéitis

Daoine Fásta, 2024

Tagairtí:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 11th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2025. http://www.diabetesatlas.org

Daoine Fásta, 2021

Aois:20-79
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation.  IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, %

Daoine Fásta, 2019

Aois:20-79
Tagairtí:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Daoine Fásta, 2017

Tagairtí:Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).

Ovarian Cancer

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Leukemia

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Leukemia

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Liver and intrahepatic bile duct Cancer

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Multiple Myeloma

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Indicence per 100,000
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Indicence per 100,000
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Non Hodgkin Lymphoma

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000
Mura gcuirtear a mhalairt in iúl, is ionann rómheáchan agus ICM idir 25kg agus 29.9kg/m², is ionann murtall agus ICM níos mó ná 30kg/m².

Thyroid Cancer

Fir, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Mná, 2022

Aois:20+
Ceantar Clúdaithe:Náisiúnta
Tagairtí:Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Laversanne M, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A, Soerjomataram I, Bray F (2024).Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon, France: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from: https://gco.iarc.who.int/today, accessed [16.07.24]
Sainmhínithe (ar fáil i mBéarla amháin):Incidence per 100,000

Economic impact of overweight and obesity

Country comparisons

You can choose to compare this country’s data with the data for up to four other countries.

Policies, Interventions and Actions

Labelling Standards for Restaurants and Cafes

From July 1st 2025, restaurants and cafes will have to label high-salt menu items, disclose caffeine content, and display the estimated physical activity duration needed to burn the calories from menu items. (Policy document currently unavailable,

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2025 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Saudi Food and Drug Authority
Find out more:www.caterermiddleeast.com
References:Currently a web link to this policy is unavailable. If you are aware of the location of this document/intervention, please contact us at obesity@worldobesity.org. Media link is provided for further information

Guidelines for Marketing Requirements of Food Directed to Children

The Saudi Food and Drug Authority have issued voluntary guidelines to restrict the marketing of unhealthy food and drink targeting children under 12 years of age. The guidelines apply to all media formats, including social media. Unhealthy food and drinks are defined as those with either: over 30% of their energy from fat; 10% from saturated fat; >400mg of sodium per serving; or >10% of total energy from added sugar. (Document in Arabic)

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Industry/Government regulations - voluntary /pledges
Year(s):2022 (ongoing)
Target age group:Páistí
Organisation:Saudi Food and Drug Authority
Find out more:shc.gov.sa
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Alsukait, R.F. et al. 2022. 'Obesity-Prevention Strategies and Policies for Saudi Arabia ' in Alluhidan, M., Alsukait, R.F., Alghaith, T., Shekar, M., Alazemi, N. and Herbst, C.H. (eds.) Overweight and Obesity in Saudi Arabia: Consequences and Solutions. International Development in Focus. Washington, DC: World Bank. doi:10.1596/978-1-4648-1828-8. License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 IGO

Prevalence, risk factors, and interventions for obesity in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review

This systematic review looks at the impact of different intervention approaches in Saudi Arabia, as well as the prevalence of obesity in the country and associated risk factors.

Categories:Health Effectiveness Reviews (obesity related)
Year(s):2022
References:Salem, V., Noara AlHusseini, Razack, A., Naoum, A., Sims, O.T. and Alqahtani, S.A. (2022). Prevalence, risk factors, and interventions for obesity in Saudi Arabia: A systematic review. Obesity Reviews, [online] 23(7). doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.13448 [Accessed 20.06.25]

Saudi Guideline on the Prevention and Management of Overweight and Obesity (2nd Edition, 2022)

This guideline provides healthcare professionals with recommendations to effectively prevent and manage overweight and obesity among children and adults, based on international evidence. This includes how to select appropriate weight management therapies and the safety, efficacy, and adverse effects of weight loss medications and surgery.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2022 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Ministry of Health, Obesity Control Program, 2022. Saudi Guideline on the Prevention and Management of Overweight and Obesity / Obesity Control Program (2); Riyad

Guidelines For Bariatric & Metabolic Surgery

These guidelines intended to assure provision of the highest levels of safety and quality of bariatric services in licensed health facilities in Saudi Arabia.The guidelines are intended to be updated every two years and so the 2019 guidelines were updated in 2021. New guidelines are expected in late 2024

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2021 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine Fásta
Organisation:Saudi Arabia Society of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery
Find out more:sasmbs.org
Linked document:Download linked document

Obesity Control & Prevention Strategy 2020-2030

The purpose of the Strategy is to inform the coordination and implementation of a holistic response to improve health outcomes related to obesity in the Kingdom. It aligns current data, strategies, programs, and needs and identifies a leadership framework to guide implementation of a strategic and coordinated response.

Categories:Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Year(s):2020-2030
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:National Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
References:https://ianphi.org/_includes/documents/sections/tools-resources/annual-meetings/2019annualmeeting/obesity-prevention-control-strategy.pdf

Strategy on nutrition for the Eastern Mediterranean Region 2020-2030

The WHO strategy on nutrition for the Eastern Mediterranean Region (2020-2030) sets objectives and plans to improve nutrition in the region by 2030. This includes preventing overweight, obesity, and diet-related NCDs. The strategy sets targets to reduce the prevalence of overweight in children under 5, halt the rise in diabetes and overweight in adults, halt the rise in overweight in children and adolescents, and eliminate industrially-processed trans fats from the food supply. A framework for countries to reach these goals is provided.

Categories:Transnational Obesity Strategies/Policy/Recommendations or Action Plan
Year(s):2020-2030
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:World Health Organization
Find out more:iris.who.int
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Strategy on nutrition for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2020–2030. Cairo: WHO Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean; 2019. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO

Trans-fat policy

In January 2020, Saudi Arabia became the first country in the Eastern Mediterranean Region and the 14th country in the world to implement a best-practice TFA policy. The SFDA started with a regulation for mandatory labelling of TFA, which was passed in June 2015 and came into effect in 2016. In November 2015, a regulation was passed for a TFA limit of 2% in oils and fats, and 5% in other food products. These TFA limits were approved by the GCC Standardization Organization (GSO) and became available for other GCC Member States to adopt in 2015.10 The limit took effect in Saudi Arabia in November 2017. In January 2020, Saudi Arabia implemented a second phase of its TFA policy, banning PHO.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2020 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Saudi Food and Drug Authority
Find out more:extranet.who.int
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Countdown to 2023: WHO report on global trans-fat elimination 2020. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2020. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO

Twenty-Four-Hour Movement Practice Guidelines for Saudi Arabia

These guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for the Saudi population on physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep duration. There are specific recommendations for infants, toddlers, children and adolescents, adults, and older adults.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2020 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Public Health Authority
Linked document:Download linked document

Sports Boulevard Project - Riyadh

The Sports Boulevard was built in Riyadh in 2019, aiming to encourage healthy living by creating a space for exercise and sports.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Vision 2030
Find out more:www.vision2030.gov.sa

Front of Pack Nutritional Labeling (SFDA.FD 42/2018)

The Saudi Food & Drug Authority recommended the traffic light system standard to be used as Front of Pack Nutrition Labeling in 2018. The system is adapted from the UK traffic light system, and uses the UK’s thresholds for fat, saturated fat, total sugars, and salt but only on a 100 g/mL basis. Following feedback from local industry and trading partners, SFDA decided to make this FOPNL scheme voluntary intitially. It is due to become mandatory in 2021.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Saudi Food & Drug Authority
References:Al-Jawaldeh, A., Rayner, M., Julia, C., Elmadfa, I., Hammerich, A. and McColl, K., 2020. Improving nutrition information in the eastern Mediterranean region: implementation of front-of-pack nutrition labelling. Nutrients, 12(2), p.330. https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/12/2/330/htm.

Nutritional Labeling (SFDA.FD 2233-2018)

This regulation recommends procedures for placing nutritional information on the food products label. The regulation applies to all prepackaged food products, except for fresh foods such as fruits, vegetables, meat and fish.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Saudi Food & Drug Authority
Linked document:Download linked document
References:https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/41534 Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

SFDA.FD 59/2018 Maximum Guideline Limits for Salt in Food Product

This standard is concerned with the maximum guideline limits for salt in certain food products.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2018 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Saudi Food and Drug Authority
Linked document:Download linked document
References:https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/41537 Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

Excise Tax (Soft drinks and energy drinks)

The Saudi Government have introduced a tax on high sugar drinks. The excise tax rates imposed by the law are a 100% tax rate on energy drinks and a 50% tax rate on carbonated drinks (including soft drinks, carbonated water, and juice).

Categories:Taxation/Subsidies on Food or Beverages or law relating to public health
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:General authority of Zakat and tax
Linked document:Download linked document
References:General authority of Zakat and tax. Commodities Subject to Excise Tax. Kingdom of Saudi Arabia; Riyadh.

NCD Country Profiles 2018 (Obesity Targets)

The profiles also provide data on the key metabolic risk factors, namely raised blood pressure, raised blood glucose and obesity and National Targets on Obesity (as of 2017)

Categories:Evidence of Obesity Target
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:World Health Organisation
References:Noncommunicable diseases country profiles 2018. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2018. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.

Official introduction of the physical education program for girls' schools (for the first time)

Physical activity classes can be held in schools as of 2017/18; this aims to improve health, fitness and well-being among girls and women.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Páistí
Organisation:Ministry of Education
Find out more:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:[Described in] Al-Hazzaa, H.M, and Al Marzooqi, M.A. 2018. Descriptive Analysis of Physical Activity Initiatives for Health Promotion in Saudi Arabia. Frontiers in public Health. 6(329). DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00329.

RASHAKA Initiative

The Ministry of Health, in cooperation with the Ministry of Education, launched the RASHAKA Initiative in 2017, aiming to promote healthy living in schools by improving dietary habits, increasing physical activity, and increasing awareness of obesity risks.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Categories (partial):Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Páistí
Organisation:Ministry of Health, Ministry of Education
References:Al Eid, A., Alahmed, Z., Al-Omary, S. and Alharbi, S. (2017). RASHAKA Program: A collaborative initiative between Ministry of Health and Ministry of Education to control childhood obesity in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Journal of Obesity, [online] 5(1), p.22. doi:https://doi.org/10.4103/sjo.sjo_5_17 [Accessed 20.06.2025]

Saudi Arabia is walking

A twitter-based, mass participation campaign to make walking an everyday habit for more people, ultimately aiming to reduce the prevalence of chronic disease associated with physical inactivity. Over 50 walking groups around the country have joined the initiative.

Categories:Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:MashiSaudi
Find out more:twitter.com
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Saudi Arabia is Walking Initiative (2018). Available online at: https://twitter.com/MashiSaudi?lang=ar [Described in] - Al-Hazzaa, H.M, and Al Marzooqi, M.A. 2018. Descriptive Analysis of Physical Activity Initiatives for Health Promotion in Saudi Arabia. Frontiers in public Health. 6(329). DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00329.

Vision 2030

Aims to promote a healthy lifestyle, increase physical activity and reduce obesity.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Categories (partial):Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Year(s):2017 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Find out more:vision2030.gov.sa
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.2017. [Available from: https://vision2030.gov.sa/sites/default/files/report/Saudi_Vision2030_EN_2017.pdf]. Last Accessed 23rd January 2019.

Saudi Guidelines on the Prevention and Management of Obesity

Guidelines adapted from Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network and other international guidelines for prevention and management overweight and obesity. Covers preventive and curative aspects of overweight and obesity and could be implemented at primary, secondary, and tertiary care levels in Saudi Arabia.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2016
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Linked document:Download linked document

The Saudi clinical practice guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults 2016

Guidelines including recommendations for the non-pharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical management of overweight and obese adults, research priorities regarding lifestyle interventions and economic analysis of drug therapy within the Saudi context, and long term benefits and harms of bariatric surgery.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine Fásta
Organisation:Alfadda, A. et al.
Find out more:www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Alfadda, A. et al. 2016. The Saudi clinical practice guideline for the management of overweight and obesity in adults. Saudi Medical Journal. 37(10). pp.1151-62.

KSA National strategy for diet and Physical activity 2014-2025

Strategy aims to promote health and specifically reduce obesity rates, increase fruit and vegetable consumption, reduce physical inactivity, and stabilise hyperlipidaemia and diabetes.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Physical Activity Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2014-2025
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
Find out more:extranet.who.int
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. KSA National strategy for diet and Physical activity 2014-2025. [Available from: https://extranet.who.int/ncdccs/Data/SAU_B11_KSA%20NATIONAL%20STRATEGY%20FOR%20DIET%20AND%20PHYSICAL%20ACTIVITY.pdf]. Last Accessed 23rd January 2019.

National Executive Plan for NCDs (2014 – 2025)

National plan to protect Saudi community from NCDs and its complications.

Categories:Evidence of NCD strategy
Year(s):2014-2025
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Find out more:extranet.who.int
Linked document:Download linked document

Regulations of Health Conditions for School Canteens

Nutrition standards for school canteens have been mandatory since 2014, and were updated in 2024. Currently banned food items include sugary drinks, chips, ice cream, chocolate-covered biscuits, and croissants, among others. (Articles in English and document in Arabic linked below)

Categories:Evidence of School Food Regulations
Year(s):2014 (ongoing)
Target age group:Páistí
Organisation:Ministry of Education
Find out more:www.leaders-mena.com
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Alsiwat, A., Kitsaras, G., Glenny, A.-M., Alayadi, H. and Goodwin, M. (2025). Public Primary School Compliance with School Canteen Policy in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients, [online] 17(5), p.854. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/nu17050854 [Accessed 20.06.25]

Gulf Technical Regulation: Labeling of prepackaged food stuffs

Gulf Cooperation Council countries namely adopted the standards GSO (09/2013) Amd 2016 and GSO (150- 2/2013) for labeling of pre-packaged foods and shelf life. According to this GCC-wide standard, prepackaged food product labels should be in Arabic or include an Arabic language translation of the label. Producers and retailers are also mandated to provide a list of the nutrient content of pre-packaged food products, even in the absence of a nutrition or health claim.

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2013 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Gulf Cooperation Council
Find out more:www.gso.org.sa
Linked document:Download linked document

Dietary Guidelines for Saudis

Saudi Dietary Guidelines under the logo of (The Healthy Food Palm) was designed aiming to educate citizens, about what to eat and how much to eat (quality and quantity of food items) that suit his daily servings needs from different food groups, beside that, all age groups should practice physical activities, which prevent from diet related diseases among members of the community such as obesity, diabetes_x000D__x000D_ mellitus, hypertension, nutritional anemia and vitamins decencies....etc

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2012 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Saudi Ministry of Health
Find out more:www.moh.gov.sa
References:2012 Dietary Guidelines for Saudis The healthy Food Palm. General Directorate of Nutrition_x000D__x000D_ https://www.moh.gov.sa/en/Ministry/MediaCenter/Publications/Documents/final%20english%20%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%20%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%8A.pdf

National Campaign Against Overweight and Obesity

This campaign consists of a series of programmes and tools to help people reduce weight.

Categories:Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Categories (partial):Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Year(s):2012 (ongoing)
Target age group:Daoine fásta agus páistí
Organisation:Ministry of Health
Find out more:www.moh.gov.sa

Responsible Food and Beverage Marketing to Children Pledge

The Responsible Food and Beverage Marketing to Children Pledge, initially adopted in the GCC in 2010, is a voluntary commitment by the signatory companies to conduct responsible food and beverage marketing to children. The pledge informs and benchmarks how food and beverage products are marketed in a responsible way to children under the age of 12 in the region. In 2016 the pledge was enhanced by applying a set of nutrition criteria to define ‘better for you options’ . The pledge was endorsed by the Advertising Business Group in 2018.

Categories:Industry/Government regulations - voluntary /pledges
Categories (partial):Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2010 (ongoing)
Target age group:Páistí
References:https://campaignme.com/global-food-beverage-companies-in-the-gcc-achieve-100-commitment-to-restrict-marketing-to-children/

GNPR 2016-17 (q7) Breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling

WHO Global Nutrition Policy Review 2016-2017 reported the evidence of breastfeeding promotion and/or counselling (q7)

Categories:Evidence of Breastfeeding promotion or related activity
Target age group:Daoine Fásta
Organisation:Ministry of Health (information provided by the GINA progam)
Find out more:extranet.who.int
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

Contextual factors

Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.

Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.

Labelling

Is there mandatory nutrition labelling?Present
Front-of-package labelling?Present
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration?Present
Color coding?Present
Warning label?Absent

Regulation and marketing

Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products?Present
Tax on unhealthy foods?Absent
Tax on unhealthy drinks?Present
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products?Absent
Subsidy on fruits?Absent
Subsidy on vegetables?Absent
Subsidy on other healthy products?Absent
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)?Present
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? Present
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? Present
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media?Absent
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media?Absent
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Present-(voluntary)
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools?Present
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products?Present
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement?Absent

Political will and support

National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy?Present
National obesity strategy?Present
National childhood obesity strategy?Absent
Comprehensive nutrition strategy?Present
Comprehensive physical activity strategy?Present
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs?Present
National target(s) on reducing obesity?Present
Promotion of breastfeeding?Present

Monitoring and surveillance

Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors?Present
Within 5 years?Present

Governance and resource

Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)?Absent

Key

Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown

Last updated June 20, 2025

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Download contextual factors as a PDF Contextual factors definitions

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