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  • Prevalência de obesidade
  • Condutores
  • Comorbidades
  • Políticas (disponível apenas em inglês)
  • Contextual factors
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Prevalência de obesidade

Report cards

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Report card (adult data)

Report card (child data)

Condutores

Depressão

Ansiedade

Raízes da obesidade »

Like all chronic diseases, the root causes/drivers of obesity are complex. Select here to view 'other' root causes/drivers.

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Comorbidades

Prevalência de diabetes

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Políticas (disponível apenas em inglês)

Marketing

Etiquetagem

Diretrizes de gestão ou tratamento

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Contextual factors

Contextual factors

Prevalência de obesidade

Crianças, 2022-2024

Tipo de inquérito:Medido
Idade:8
Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI): A brief review of results from round 6 of COSI (2022-2024). Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe; 2024. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Cutoffs:WHO 2007
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Crianças, 2016

Tipo de inquérito:Medido
Idade:8
Tamanho da amostra:202
Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:Report on the fourth round of data collection, 2015–2017: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI).
Notas:Small sample size
Cutoffs:WHO
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Crianças, 2012

Tipo de inquérito:Medido
Tamanho da amostra:278 (148 boys, 130 girls)
Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:Report on the third round of data collection, 2012–2013: WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI).
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Saúde mental - transtornos depressivos

Adultos, 2021

Idade:20+
Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)
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Homens, 2021

Idade:20+
Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)
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Mulheres, 2021

Idade:20+
Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Number living with depression per 100,000 population (adults 20+ years)
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Crianças, 2021

Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)
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Rapazes, 2021

Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)
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Raparigas, 2021

Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Number living with depressive disorder per 100,000 population (Under 20 years of age)
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Saúde mental - transtornos de ansiedade

Adultos, 2021

Idade:20+
Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population
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Homens, 2021

Idade:20+
Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population
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Mulheres, 2021

Idade:20+
Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25).
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Number living with anxiety per 100,000 population
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Crianças, 2021

Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
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Rapazes, 2021

Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
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Raparigas, 2021

Referências:Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME). GBD Compare Data Visualization. Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021. Seattle, WA: IHME, University of Washington, 2023. Available from http://vizhub.healthdata.org/gbd-compare. (Last accessed 23.04.25)
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Prevalência de diabetes

Adultos, 2024

Referências:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 11th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2025. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
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Adultos, 2021

Idade:20-79
Área abrangida:Nacional
Referências:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation.  IDF Diabetes Atlas, 10th edn. Brussels, Belgium:International Diabetes Federation, 2021. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Age-adjusted comparative prevalence of diabetes, %
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Adultos, 2019

Idade:20-79
Referências:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).
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Adultos, 2017

Referências:Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definições (disponível apenas em inglês):Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).
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Policies, Interventions and Actions

Commercial Determinants of Noncommunicable Diseases in the WHO European Region

This report highlights the substantial impact of commercial determinants on noncommunicable diseases (‎NCDs)‎ in the WHO European Region. Nearly 7500 deaths per day in the Region are attributed to commercial determinants, such as tobacco, alcohol,processed food, fossil fuels and occupational practices. These commercial products and practices contribute to 25% of all deaths in the Region. The report’s chapters systematically explore various facets of how commercial interests exacerbate NCDs and key strategies used by commercial actors to negatively influence NCD-related policies at the national and international level. The reportalso provides selected case studies from the Region to illustrate key strategies and outcomes of industry influence on health policies.The report then calls for urgent and coordinated action to address the commercial determinants of NCDs. It advocates for building coalitions based on the values of equity, sustainability, and resilience. Public health actors are urged to develop competencies in economic and legal frameworks, enforce transparency, and manage conflicts of interest effectively. The report underscores the need for robust financial reforms and strict regulation to curb industry power and protect public health. By implementing these strategies, the Region can accelerate progress towards global NCD targets and Sustainable Development Goals by 2030.

Categories:Evidence of Marketing Guidelines/Policy
Year(s):2024 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adultos e crianças
Organisation:World Health Organisation (WHO)
Linked document:Download linked document
References:World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. (‎2024)‎. Commercial Determinants of Noncommunicable Diseases in the WHO European Region. World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/376957. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO

European practical and patient-centred guidelines for adult obesity management in primary care

This article aims to provide obesity management guidelines specifically tailored to GPs, favouring a practical patient-centred approach. The focus is on GP communication and motivational interviewing as well as on therapeutic patient education. The new guidelines highlight the importance of avoiding stigmatization, something frequently seen in different health care settings. In addition, managing the psychological aspects of the disease, such as improving self-esteem, body image and quality of life must not be neglected.

Categories:Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Year(s):2019 (ongoing)
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Dominique Durrer Schutz, Luca Busetto, Dror Dicker, Nathalie Farpour-Lambert, Rachel Pryke, Hermann Toplak, Daniel Widmer, Volkan Yumuk, Yves Schutz; European Practical and Patient-Centred Guidelines for Adult Obesity Management in Primary Care. Obes Facts 15 March 2019; 12 (1): 40–66. https://doi.org/10.1159/000496183

Etichettatura, Presentazione e Pubblicità dei Prodotti Alimentari

Mandatory national labelling guidelines for pre-packaged food approved by Capitani Reggentila Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino and adopted from February 2015. (Available only in Italian language)

Categories:Labelling Regulation/Guidelines
Year(s):2015 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adultos e crianças
Organisation:Capitani Reggentila Serenissima Repubblica di San Marino
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Information provided with kind permission of WHO Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA): https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/fr/node/41881 (last accessed 01.07.22) Please note the GINA website has been replaced by the GIFNA database and the GINA link will no longer work. You will find this document by searching this new database: https://gifna.who.int/

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

Contextual factors

Disclaimer: These contextual factors should be interpreted with care. Results are updated as regularly as possible and use very specific criteria. The criteria used and full definitions are available for download at the bottom of this page.

Tap on a tick to find out more about policies influencing this factor.

Labelling

Is there mandatory nutrition labelling?Present
Front-of-package labelling?Absent
Back-of-pack nutrition declaration?Present
Color coding?Absent
Warning label?Absent

Regulation and marketing

Are there fiscal policies on unhealthy products?Absent
Tax on unhealthy foods?Absent
Tax on unhealthy drinks?Absent
Are there fiscal policies on healthy products?Absent
Subsidy on fruits?Absent
Subsidy on vegetables?Absent
Subsidy on other healthy products?Absent
Mandatory limit or ban of trans fat (all settings)?Absent
Mandatory limit of trans fats in place (all settings)? Absent
Ban on trans-fats or phos in place (all settings)? Absent
Are there any mandatory policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Mandatory restriction on broadcast media?Absent
Mandatory restriction on non-broadcast media?Absent
Voluntary policies/marketing restrictions on the promotion of unhealthy food/drinks to children?Absent
Are there mandatory standards for food in schools?Absent
Are there any mandatory nutrient limits in any manufactured food products?Absent
Nutrition standards for public sector procurement?Absent

Political will and support

National obesity strategy or nutrition and physical activity national strategy?Absent
National obesity strategy?Absent
National childhood obesity strategy?Absent
Comprehensive nutrition strategy?Absent
Comprehensive physical activity strategy?Absent
Evidence-based dietary guidelines and/or RDAs?Absent
National target(s) on reducing obesity?Absent
Promotion of breastfeeding?Absent

Monitoring and surveillance

Monitoring of the prevalence and incidence for the main obesity-related NCDs and risk factors?Absent
Within 5 years?Absent

Governance and resource

Multi-sectoral national co-ordination mechanism for obesity or nutrition (including obesity)?Absent

Key

Present
Present (voluntary)
Incoming
Absent
Unknown

Last updated September 13, 2022

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