• Overview
  • Obesity prevalence
  • Population breakdowns
  • Drivers
  • Comorbidities
  • Policies
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National obesity risk *6.5/10This is a composite ‘obesity risk’ score (out of 10, the highest risk) based on obesity prevalence, rate of increase, likelihood of meeting the 2025 target, treatment indicator and childhood stunting levels.Childhood obesity risk *6.5/11This is a ‘risk score’ for each country’s likelihood of having or acquiring a major childhood obesity problem during the 2020s, taking account of current prevalence levels and risk for future obesity (based on stunting among infants, maternal obesity, maternal smoking, and breastfeeding rates).
* Based on estimated data. For more information see Publications

Obesity prevalence

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Population breakdowns

By age

Drivers

Insufficient activity

Fruit consumption

Processed meat consumption

Grains consumption

Depression

Anxiety

Roots of obesity »

Like all chronic diseases, the root causes/drivers of obesity are complex. Select here to view 'other' root causes/drivers.

Breastfeeding

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Comorbidities

Oesophageal cancer

Breast cancer

Colorectal cancer

Pancreatic cancer

Gallbladder cancer

Kidney cancer

Cancer of the uterus

Raised blood pressure

Raised cholesterol

Raised fasting blood glucose

Diabetes prevalence

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Policies

National Obesity Strategy

Nutritional or Health Strategy

Community Interventions

NCD strategy

Regulations (voluntary/pledges)

Management or treatment guidelines

Obesity prevalence

Adults, 2012

Survey type:Measured
Age:25-64
Sample size:5372
Area covered:National
References:Pilav A, Brankovic S, Doder V. Ten year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in the Federation of bosnia and herzegovina. Med Arch. 2014 Dec;68(6):394-8. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2014.68.394-398. Epub 2014 Dec 16. PMID: 25649524; PMCID: PMC4314181.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².
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Adults, 2002

Survey type:Measured
Age:25-64
Sample size:2750
Area covered:National
References:Pilav A, Nissinen A, Haukkala A, Niksic D, Laatikainen T. Cardiovascular risk factors in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. European Journal of Public Health 2006;17:75-79.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².
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Children, 2011-2012

Survey type:Measured
Age:0-5
Sample size:2078
Area covered:National
References:The Agency for Statistics of Bosnia and Herzegovina, the Federal Ministry of Health, the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare of the Republic of Srpska and the Institute for Public Health of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. (2013). Bosnia and Herzegovina Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) 2011–2012, Final Report. Sarajevo: UNICEF. https://mics-surveys-prod.s3.amazonaws.com/MICS4/Europe%20and%20Central%20Asia/Bosnia%20and%20Herzegovina/2011-2012/Final/Bosnia%20and%20Herzegovina%202011-12%20MICS_English.pdf (Accessed 18.05.21)
Notes:Infants
Definitions:Weight for Height. Overweight = >2SD
Cutoffs:Other
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Children, 2008-2009

Survey type:Measured
Age:6-18
Sample size:3608
Area covered:Regional
References:Hasanbegovic et al 2010. Epidemiology and etiology of obesity in children and youth of Sarajevo canton. Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences. 10(2): 140–146.
Notes:Subnational = Sarajevo Canton NB. Combined child data estimated. These estimates were calculated by weighting male and female survey results. Weighting based on World Bank Population % total female 2019 (https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.FE.ZS - accessed 21.10.20)'
Cutoffs:CDC
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Overweight/obesity by age

Adults, 2012

Survey type:Measured
Sample size:985
Area covered:National
References:Pilav A, Brankovic S, Doder V. Ten year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in the Federation of bosnia and herzegovina. Med Arch. 2014 Dec;68(6):394-8. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2014.68.394-398. Epub 2014 Dec 16. PMID: 25649524; PMCID: PMC4314181.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².
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Adults, 2002

Survey type:Measured
Sample size:1013
Area covered:National
References:Pilav A, Brankovic S, Doder V. Ten year trends in cardiovascular risk factors in the Federation of bosnia and herzegovina. Med Arch. 2014 Dec;68(6):394-8. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2014.68.394-398. Epub 2014 Dec 16. PMID: 25649524; PMCID: PMC4314181.
Unless otherwise noted, overweight refers to a BMI between 25kg and 29.9kg/m², obesity refers to a BMI greater than 30kg/m².
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Insufficient physical activity

Adults, 2016

References:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
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Men, 2016

References:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
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Women, 2016

References:Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Worldwide trends in insufficient physical activity from 2001 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 358 population-based surveys with 1.9 million participants. Lancet 2018 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30357-7
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Estimated per capita fruit intake

Adults, 2017

Survey type:Measured
Age:25+
References:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitions:Estimated per-capita fruit intake (g/day)
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Estimated per-capita processed meat intake

Adults, 2017

Survey type:Measured
Age:25+
References:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitions:Estimated per-capita processed meat intake (g per day)
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Estimated per capita whole grains intake

Adults, 2017

Survey type:Measured
Age:25+
References:Global Burden of Disease, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation http://ghdx.healthdata.org/
Definitions:Estimated per-capita whole grains intake (g/day)
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Mental health - depression disorders

Adults, 2015

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with depression disorders
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Mental health - anxiety disorders

Adults, 2015

References:Prevalence data from Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (http://ghdx.healthdata.org) published in: Depression and Other Common Mental Disorders: Global Health Estimates. Geneva:World Health Organization; 2017. Licence: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
Definitions:% of population with anxiety disorders
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% Infants exclusively breastfed 0-5 months

Children, 1996-2019

Area covered:National
References:Institute for Public Health [Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina]. Bosnia and Herzegovina multiple indicator cluster survey (MICS) 2011-2012. Final report. Sarajevo, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: UNICEF, 2013
Notes:See UNICEF website for further survey information. Available at : https://data.unicef.org/resources/dataset/infant-young-child-feeding/ (last accessed 28.9.21) Citation: United Nations Children’s Fund, Division of Data, Analysis, Planning and Monitoring (2021). Global UNICEF Global Databases: Infant and Young Child Feeding: Exclusive breastfeeding, New York, September 2021.
Definitions:% exclusively breastfed 0-5 months
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Oesophageal cancer

Men, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, oesophagus, adults ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Women, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, oesophagus, adults ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Breast cancer

Women, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, breast, females, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Colorectal cancer

Men, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, colorectum, adults, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Women, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, colorectum, adults, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Pancreatic cancer

Men, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, pancreas, adults, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Women, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, pancreas, adults, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Gallbladder cancer

Men, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, gallbladder, adults, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Women, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, gallbladder, adults, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Kidney cancer

Men, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, kidney, adults, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Women, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, kidney, adults, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Cancer of the uterus

Women, 2018

Age:20+
References:Global Cancer Observatory, Cancer incidence rates http://gco.iarc.fr/ (last accessed 30th June 2020)
Definitions:Estimated age-standardized incidence rates (World) in 2018, cervix uteri, females, ages 20+. ASR (World) per 100,000
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Raised blood pressure

Adults, 2015

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).
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Men, 2015

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).
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Women, 2015

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A875?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised estimated % Raised blood pressure 2015 (SBP>=140 OR DBP>=90).
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Raised cholesterol

Adults, 2008

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitions:% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).
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Men, 2008

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitions:% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).
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Women, 2008

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A885
Definitions:% Raised total cholesterol (>= 5.0 mmol/L) (age-standardized estimate).
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Raised fasting blood glucose

Men, 2014

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).
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Women, 2014

References:Global Health Observatory data repository, World Health Organisation, http://apps.who.int/gho/data/node.main.A869?lang=en
Definitions:Age Standardised % raised fasting blood glucose (>= 7.0 mmol/L or on medication).
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Diabetes prevalence

Adults, 2019

Age:20-79
References:Reproduced with kind permission International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 9th edn. Brussels,Belgium: 2019. Available at: https://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitions:Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).
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Adults, 2017

References:Reproduced with kind permission of IDF, International Diabetes Federation. IDF Diabetes Atlas, 8th edition. Brussels, Belgium: International Diabetes Federation, 2017. http://www.diabetesatlas.org
Definitions:Diabetes age-adjusted comparative prevalence (%).
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Policies, Interventions and Actions

Nutrition of infants and young children in the context of covida-19

This Summary brings together recommendations on infant and young child nutrition in the context of the Covida-19 pandemic.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2020 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Government
Find out more:ba.one.un.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Anon (n.d.) ISHRANA DOJENČADI I MALE DJECE U KONTEKSTU Covida-19 Sažetak br. 2 (v1). [Online]. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/bih/sites/unicef.org.bih/files/2020-04/IYCF%20Programming%20in%20the%20context%20of%20COVID-19%20Brief%202_v1%2030%20March%202020_%20for%20distribution_BHS.pdf [Accessed: 14 July 2020]. ‌

Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs

Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of NCDs

Categories:Evidence of NCD strategy
Year(s):2019-2026
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
Find out more:www.vladars.net
Linked document:Download linked document

Nutrition Friendly Schools

Under the project “Nutrition Friendly Schools”, UNICEF organized workshops with students, parents, and teaching staff in four primary schools in November and December (two in Sarajevo and two in Banja Luka). The goal of the program, being implemented under the slogan “Eat Well, Grow Well”, is the promotion of health and healthy habits in the nutrition of children of pre-school and school age. In the first phase of the project, since 2011, UNICEF has implemented workshops with pre-school children, while at this stage the focus is on children enrolled in the first grade of primary schools. During the workshops, children develop skills and learn through game, adapted to their age, which food groups are necessary in everyday nutrition, and how to prepare a healthy meal in a creative way and bring it to school. Within the program, parents and teachers also learn about the importance of healthy eating habits, in a way adapted to them.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2018
Target age group:Children
Organisation:UNICEF
Find out more:www.unicef.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Anon (n.d.) Parents participated in the workshop within the project “Nutrition Friendly Schools”. [Online]. www.unicef.org. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/bih/en/stories/parents-participated-workshop-within-project-nutrition-friendly-schools [Accessed: 14 July 2020]. ‌

Eat Well, Grow Well

The programme Eat Well, Grow Well promoted healthy eating and healthy lifestyles among children, parents, educators, cooks and other employees of preschool institutions in order to reduce obesity and other disorders in the development of preschool children caused by improper diet and unhealthy lifestyles. The programme was coordinated by the Federal Ministry of Education and Science, in cooperation with the Federal Ministry of Health, Institute of Public Health, the Association of Chefs, and the NGO Project Hope Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Categories (partial):Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Year(s):2014-2015
Target age group:Children
Organisation:Government
Find out more:www.unicef.org
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Anon (n.d.) Nutrition. [Online]. www.unicef.org. Available from: https://www.unicef.org/bih/en/nutrition. ‌

Policy for Improving Child Nutrition in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Federation BiH is committed to ensure optimal nutrition to every child, in line with national and international recommendations and standards, and thereby improve the diet and nutritional status of children in Federation BiH;

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of Community Interventions/Campaign
Evidence of NCD strategy
Industry/Government regulations - voluntary /pledges
Evidence of Management/treatment guidelines
Categories (partial):Evidence of National Obesity Strategy/Policy or Action plan
Year(s):2013 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
Organisation:Government of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Find out more:extranet.who.int
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Anon (n.d.) Policy - Policy for Improvement of Nutrition of Children under the Age of Five in the Republic of Srpska | Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA). [Online]. extranet.who.int. Available from: https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/36087 [Accessed: 14 July 2020]. ‌

Md.net project (Interreg)

Project challenges the problems of currently neglected and undeveloped opportunities of the Mediterranean Diet. The main objective of the project is to strengthen exploration of the Mediterranean Diet according to the UNESCO Med Diet Convention, blending comprehensive Mediterranean Diet concepts with innovative tools. The project will use both traditional and creative measures (as sharing economy) starting cooperation of quadruple helix stakeholders in order to lift the MD economy to new quality levels.

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Year(s):2012 (ongoing)
Target age group:Adults and children
Organisation:Republic of Srpska Government, The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
Find out more:mdnet.interreg-med.eu
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Anon (2020a) MD.net. [Online]. 17 June 2020. Interreg-med.eu. Available from: https://mdnet.interreg-med.eu/ [Accessed: 14 July 2020]. ‌

Policy for Improvement of Nutrition of Children under the Age of Five in Republika Srpska (adopted by the Government of Republika Srpska in February 2012)

Guidelines exploring the following issues: Undernutrition Low birth weight Stunting in children 0-5 yrs Wasting in children 0-5 years Underweight in children 0-5 years Anaemia Iodine deficiency disorders Vitamin A deficiency Overweight, obesity and diet-related NCDs Overweight in children 0-5 yrs Dietary practice Action areas Maternal, infant and young child nutrition Growth monitoring and promotion Breastfeeding promotion/counselling Baby-friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) Complementary feeding promotion/counselling Nutrition in schools School-based health and nutrition programmes Promotion of healthy diet and prevention of obesity and diet-related NCDs Dietary guidelines

Categories:Evidence of Nutritional or Health Strategy/ Guidelines/Policy/Action plan
Evidence of NCD strategy
Year(s):2012 (ongoing)
Target age group:Children
Organisation:Republic of Srpska Government, The Ministry of Health and Social Welfare
Find out more:extranet.who.int
Linked document:Download linked document
References:Anon (n.d.) Policy - Policy for Improvement of Nutrition of Children under the Age of Five in the Republic of Srpska | Global database on the Implementation of Nutrition Action (GINA). [Online]. extranet.who.int. Available from: https://extranet.who.int/nutrition/gina/en/node/36087 [Accessed: 14 July 2020]. ‌

No actions could be found for the above criteria.

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