Chile
High income
- Visão geral
- Prevalência de obesidade
- Tendências ao longo do tempo
- Contextual factors
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Risco de obesidade nacional *7,5/10This is a composite ‘obesity risk’ score (out of 10, the highest risk) based on obesity prevalence, rate of increase, likelihood of meeting the 2025 target, treatment indicator and childhood stunting levels.Risco de obesidade infantil *8,5/11This is a ‘risk score’ for each country’s likelihood of having or acquiring a major childhood obesity problem during the 2020s, taking account of current prevalence levels and risk for future obesity (based on stunting among infants, maternal obesity, maternal smoking, and breastfeeding rates).
Report cards
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Discriminação da população
Condutores
Atividade insuficiente
Consumo de refrigerantes
Consumo de fruta
Consumo de vegetais
Consumo de comida rápida
Consumo de carne processada
Consumo de cereais
Depressão
Ansiedade
Raízes da obesidade »
Like all chronic diseases, the root causes/drivers of obesity are complex. Select here to view 'other' root causes/drivers.Unaffordable diet
Comorbidades
Cancro do esófago
Cancro da mama
Cancro colorretal
Cancro do pâncreas
Cancro da vesícula biliar
Cancro do rim
Cancro do útero
Pressão arterial elevada
Colesterol elevado
Glicose no sangue elevada em jejum
Prevalência de diabetes
Ovarian Cancer
Leukemia
Liver & bile duct cancer
Mulitple Myeloma
Non Hodgkin Lymphoma
Thyroid Cancer
Impacto económico
Políticas (disponível apenas em inglês)
Contextual factors
Prevalência de obesidade
Adultos, 2016-2017
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 15+ |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 6233 |
| Área abrangida: | Nacional |
| Referências: | Encuesta Nacional de Salud. Chile. 2016-2017 https://www.minsal.cl/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ENS-2016-17_PRIMEROS-RESULTADOS.pdf (Last accessed 04.08.20) |
| Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
Adultos, 2009-2010
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 15+ |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 5416 |
| Área abrangida: | Nacional |
| Referências: | Encuesta Nacional de Salud. Chile. 2009-2010. https://www.minsal.cl/portal/url/item/bcb03d7bc28b64dfe040010165012d23.pdf (Last accessed 04.08.20) |
| Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
Adultos, 2003
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 17+ |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 3619 |
| Área abrangida: | Nacional |
| Referências: | 2003 ENS Report. Final results on the National Health Survey. Http://epi.minsal.cl/epi/html/invest/ENS/informeFinalENS.pdf. |
| Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
Adultos, 1992
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 15+ |
| Tamanho da amostra: | Not specified |
| Referências: | Uauy R, Albal C, Kain J. Obesity Trends in Latin America: Transiting from Under-to Overweight. Journal of Nutrition 2001;131:S893-S899 |
| Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
Adultos, 1988
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 15+ |
| Tamanho da amostra: | Not specified |
| Área abrangida: | Regional |
| Referências: | Berrios X, Jadue I, Zenteno J, Ross MI, Rodriguez H. Prevalencia de factores de riesgo para enfermedades cronicas. Estudio de la poblacion general de la region Metropolitana, 1986-1987. Rev. Med. Chile. 1990;118:597-604 |
| Notas: | Urban population |
| Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
Crianças, 2024
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 4-14 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 713,774 |
| Área abrangida: | Nacional |
| Referências: | Mapa Nutricional - Resultados 2024. JUNAEB. https://www.sochob.cl/web1/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/MAPA-NUTRICIONAL-JUNAEB-2024.pdf [Accessed 16.07.25] |
| Notas: | National survey of children from pre-kindergarten (around age 4), kindergarten (around age 5), 1st grade (around age 6), 5th grade (around age 10), and the 1st year of high school (around age 14) |
| Cutoffs: | WHO |
Crianças, 2020
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 4-14 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 736,369 |
| Área abrangida: | Nacional |
| Referências: | Mapa Nutricional 2020. JUNAEB. From: Encuesta de Vulnerabilidad Junaeb. https://www.sochob.cl/web1/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Mapa-Nutricional-JUNAEB-2020.pdf [Accessed 16.07.25] |
| Notas: | National survey of children from pre-kindergarten (around age 4), kindergarten (around age 5), 1st grade (around age 6), 5th grade (around age 10), and the 1st year of high school (around age 14). NB. Results by sex rounded to a whole number. |
| Cutoffs: | WHO |
Crianças, 2013
| Tipo de inquérito: | Autorreportado |
| Idade: | 13-17 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 2049 |
| Área abrangida: | Nacional |
| Referências: | Global School-based Student Health Survey (GSHS), Fact Sheet available at https://www.who.int/ncds/surveillance/gshs/2013_Chile_GSHS_fact_sheet.pdf |
| Cutoffs: | WHO |
Crianças, 2002
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 6 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 17080 (4-6 year olds) |
| Área abrangida: | Nacional |
| Referências: | Kain J, Uauy R, Vio F and Albana. 2002. Trends of overwieght and obesity prevalence in Chilean children: comparism of three definitions. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 56: 200 - 204. |
| Notas: | IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Crianças, 2000
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 6 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 199444 |
| Referências: | Kain J, Uauy R, Vio F, Albala C. Trends in overweight and obesity prevalence in Chilean children: comparison of three definitions. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002;56:200-204 |
| Notas: | IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Crianças, 1990
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 6 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | Not specified |
| Referências: | Kain J, Uauy R, Vio F, Albala C. Trends in overweight and obesity prevalence in Chilean children: comparison of three definitions. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002;56:200-204 |
| Notas: | IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
Crianças, 1987
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Idade: | 6 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 166891 |
| Referências: | Kain J, Uauy R, Vio F, Albala C. Trends in overweight and obesity prevalence in Chilean children: comparison of three definitions. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002;56:200-204 |
| Notas: | IOTF Cut off. Reference: Cole TJ, Bellizzi MC, Flegal KM, Dietz WH. Establishing a standard definition for child overweight and obesity worldwide: International survey. BMJ. 2000 May 6;320(7244):1240-3. |
| Cutoffs: | IOTF |
0-5 years, 2014
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 839435 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system: 2014. Santiago, Chile, 2015 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2013
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 988663 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system: 2013. Santiago, Chile, 2014 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2008
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 964033 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National Health Service System. Santiago, Chile, December 2008 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2007
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 946528 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National Health Service System. Santiago, Chile, December 2007 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2006
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 973578 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system. Santiago, Chile, 2006. |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2004
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 1008335 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system. Santiago, Chile, 2004 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2003
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 1022896 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system. Santiago, Chile, 2003 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2002
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 1022552 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system. Santiago, Chile, 2002 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 2001
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 1002454 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system. Santiago, Chile, 2001 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 1999
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 1031657 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: Boletin anual de vigilancia nutricional, año 1999. Departamento Coordinacion e Informatica. Santiago, Republica de Chile, 2000 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 1998
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 1063064 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: Boletin anual de vigilancia nutricional, año 1998. Departamento Coordinacion e Informatica. Santiago, Republica de Chile, 1999 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 1996
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 1148353 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system, 1996. Santiago, Chile, 1997 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 1995
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system. Santiago, Chile, December 1995 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 1994
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 1181816 |
| Referências: | Surveillance: National health service system. Santiago: Nutrition Unit, 1994 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
0-5 years, 1986
| Idade: | 0-5 |
| Tamanho da amostra: | 196467 |
| Referências: | Other: Estado nutricional de la poblacion infantil, 1986. Santiago, Republica de Chile, 1987 |
| Notas: | UNICEF/WHO/World Bank Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates Expanded Database: Overweight (Survey Estimates), May 2023, New York. For more information about the methodology, please consult https://data.unicef.org/resources/jme-2023-country-consultations/ Percentage of children under 5 years of age falling above 2 standard deviations (moderate and severe) from the median weight-for-height of the reference population. |
| Definições (disponível apenas em inglês): | =>+2SD |
% Adults living with obesity in Chile 1988-2016
Homens
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Referências: | 1988: Berrios X, Jadue I, Zenteno J, Ross MI, Rodriguez H. Prevalencia de factores de riesgo para enfermedades cronicas. Estudio de la poblacion general de la region Metropolitana, 1986-1987. Rev. Med. Chile. 1990;118:597-604 1992: Uauy R, Albal C, Kain J. Obesity Trends in Latin America: Transiting from Under-to Overweight. Journal of Nutrition 2001;131:S893-S899 2003: 2003 ENS Report. Final results on the National Health Survey. Http://epi.minsal.cl/epi/html/invest/ENS/informeFinalENS.pdf. 2009: Encuesta Nacional de Salud. Chile. 2009-2010. https://www.minsal.cl/portal/url/item/bcb03d7bc28b64dfe040010165012d23.pdf (Last accessed 04.08.20) 2016: Encuesta Nacional de Salud. Chile. 2016-2017 https://www.minsal.cl/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ENS-2016-17_PRIMEROS-RESULTADOS.pdf (Last accessed 04.08.20) |
| Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
| Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas | |
Mulheres
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Referências: | 1988: Berrios X, Jadue I, Zenteno J, Ross MI, Rodriguez H. Prevalencia de factores de riesgo para enfermedades cronicas. Estudio de la poblacion general de la region Metropolitana, 1986-1987. Rev. Med. Chile. 1990;118:597-604 1992: Uauy R, Albal C, Kain J. Obesity Trends in Latin America: Transiting from Under-to Overweight. Journal of Nutrition 2001;131:S893-S899 2003: 2003 ENS Report. Final results on the National Health Survey. Http://epi.minsal.cl/epi/html/invest/ENS/informeFinalENS.pdf. 2009: Encuesta Nacional de Salud. Chile. 2009-2010. https://www.minsal.cl/portal/url/item/bcb03d7bc28b64dfe040010165012d23.pdf (Last accessed 04.08.20) 2016: Encuesta Nacional de Salud. Chile. 2016-2017 https://www.minsal.cl/wp-content/uploads/2017/11/ENS-2016-17_PRIMEROS-RESULTADOS.pdf (Last accessed 04.08.20) |
| Salvo indicação em contrário, o excesso de peso refere-se a um IMC entre 25 kg e 29,9 kg/m², a obesidade refere-se a um IMC superior a 30 kg/m². | |
| Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas | |
% Adults living with overweight or obesity in Chile 1988-2016
Children living with overweight or obesity in Chile
Rapazes
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Referências: | 1987, 1990, 2000: Kain J, Uauy R, Vio F, Albala C. Trends in overweight and obesity prevalence in Chilean children: comparison of three definitions. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002;56:200-204 2002: Kain J, Uauy R, Vio F and Albana. 2002. Trends of overwieght and obesity prevalence in Chilean children: comparism of three definitions. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 56: 200 - 204. |
| Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas | |
Raparigas
| Tipo de inquérito: | Medido |
| Referências: | 1987, 1990, 2000: Kain J, Uauy R, Vio F, Albala C. Trends in overweight and obesity prevalence in Chilean children: comparison of three definitions. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2002;56:200-204 2002: Kain J, Uauy R, Vio F and Albana. 2002. Trends of overwieght and obesity prevalence in Chilean children: comparism of three definitions. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 56: 200 - 204. |
| Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas | |
% Adults living with obesity in selected countries in the Americas Region 1960-2018, países selecionados
Homens
| Referências: | 1960, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1991: Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47 1975: Monteiro CA, Conde WL, Popking BM. Is obesity replacing or adding to undernutrition? Evidence from different social classes in Brazil. 2002. Public Health Nutrition:51(1A), 105-112 1988: Berrios X, Jadue I, Zenteno J, Ross MI, Rodriguez H. Prevalencia de factores de riesgo para enfermedades cronicas. Estudio de la poblacion general de la region Metropolitana, 1986-1987. Rev. Med. Chile. 1990;118:597-604 1992: Uauy R, Albal C, Kain J. Obesity Trends in Latin America: Transiting from Under-to Overweight. Journal of Nutrition 2001;131:S893-S899 1994, 1995: Martorell R, Khan LK, Hughes ML, Grummer Strawn LM. Obesity in women from developing countries. EJCN (2000) 54;247-252 1997: Filozof C, Gonzales C, Sereday M, Mazza C, Braguinsky J. Obesity prevalence and trends in Latin American countries. Obesity Reviews, 2001;2:99-196 1998: Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE/Guatemala and Macro International. 1999. Guatemala Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 1998-1999. Calverton, Maryland, USA: Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE/Guatemala and Macro International. 1999: Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/ 2000: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica e Informática - INEI/Perú and Macro International. 2001. Perú Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar 2000. Lima, Perú: INEI/Perú and Macro International. 2001: Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 2006;295(13):1549-1555 2002: Monteiro CA, Conde WL and Popkin BA. (2007). Income-specific trends in obesity in Brazil: 1975 - 2003. American Journal of Public Health, 97 (10): 1808 - 1812. 2003: 2003 ENS Report. Final results on the National Health Survey. Http://epi.minsal.cl/epi/html/invest/ENS/informeFinalENS.pdf. 2004: Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar. Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional (ENSIN), 2005. (2006). Available at: https://www.icbf.gov.co/sites/default/files/libro_2005.pdf [Accessed 18.07.25] 2005: 1st Argentinian National Survey of Risk Factors (Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo). Results from 1-3rd survey reported in the 4th survey report: https://www.indec.gob.ar/ftp/cuadros/publicaciones/enfr_2018_resultados_definitivos.pdf 2006: Olaiz-Fernández G, Rivera-Dommarco J, Shamah-Levy T, Rojas R, Villalpando-Hernández S, Hernández-Avila M, Sepúlveda-Amor J. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2006. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2006. (National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006). 2007: Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL and Curtin LR. (2010). Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. Journal of the American Medical Association, 303 (3): 235 - 241. 2008: Ministério da Saúde. Pesquisa de Orcamentos Familiares 2008-9. Antrompoetria E Esado Nutricional de Crianças, Adolescentes E Adultos No Brasil. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografi a e Estatística (IBGE) 2010. 2009: NHANES Survey - Published in Flegal KM, Carrolll MD, Kit BK, Ogden CL. Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among US Adults, 1999-2010. JAMA Published online January 17, 2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.39 2010: ENSIN 2010. Available at https://www.minsalud.gov.co/ (last accessed 05.10.20) 2011: Ruopeng An, “Prevalence and Trends of Adult Obesity in the US, 1999–2012”, ISRN Obesity, vol. 2014, Article ID 185132, 6 pages, 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/185132 2012: Cayemittes, Michel, Michelle Fatuma Busangu, Jean de Dieu Bizimana, Bernard Barrère, Blaise Sévère, Viviane Cayemittes and Emmanuel Charles. 2013. Enquête Mortalité, Morbidité et Utilisation des Services, Haïti, 2012. Calverton, Maryland, USA: Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population - MSPP/Haïti , l’Institut Haïtien de l’Enfance - IHE, and ICF International. 2013: FERREIRA, Arthur Pate de Souza; SZWARCWALD, Célia Landmann and DAMACENA, Giseli Nogueira. Prevalence of obesity and associated factors in the Brazilian population: a study of data from the 2013 National Health Survey. Rev. bras. epidemiol. [online]. 2019, vol.22 [cited 2019-05-16], e190024. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-790X2019000100420&lng=en&nrm=iso. Epub Apr 01, 2019. ISSN 1415-790X. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720190024. 2014: Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social - MSPAS/Guatemala, Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE/Guatemala, Secretaría de Planificación y Programación del la Presidencia - Segeplán/Guatemala and ICF International. 2017. Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 2014-2015: Informe Final. Rockville, Maryland, USA: MSPAS, INE, Segeplán and ICF International. 2015: ENSIN 2015. Available at https://www.minsalud.gov.co/ (last accessed 18.07.25) 2016: Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de Medio Camino 2016 2017: Pickens, C. M., Flores-Ayala, R., Addo, O. Y., Whitehead, R. D., Jr, Palmieri, M., Ramirez-Zea, M., Hong, Y., & Jefferds, M. E. (2020). Prevalence and Predictors of High Blood Pressure Among Women of Reproductive Age and Children Aged 10 to 14 Years in Guatemala. Preventing chronic disease, 17, E66. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd17.190403 2018: 4th National Survey, Full report available at https://www.indec.gob.ar/indec/web/Nivel4-Tema-4-32-68 (last accessed 29.04.20) 2019: Pesquisa nacional de saúde : 2019 : ciclos de vida : Brasil / IBGE, Coordenação de Trabalho e Rendimento. - Rio de Janeiro : IBGE, 2021. Available at https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/social/health/16840-national-survey-of-health.html?=&t=resultados (last accessed 04.04.23) 2020: Shamah-Levy T, Romero-Martínez M, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Cuevas-Nasu L, Bautista-Arredondo S, Colchero MA, GaonaPineda EB, Lazcano-Ponce E, Martínez-Barnetche J, Alpuche-Arana C, Rivera-Dommarco J. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020 sobre Covid-19. Resultados nacionales. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2021. https://ensanut.insp.mx/encuestas/ensanutcontinua2020/doctos/informes/ensanutCovid19ResultadosNacionales.pdf (Accessed 11.01.2022) 2021: Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation 2022: Campos-Nonato I, Galván-Valencia O,Hernández-Barrera L, Oviedo-Solís C, Barquera S.Prevalence of obesity and associated risk factors in Mexican adults: results of the Ensanut 2022.Salud Publica Mex. 2023;65(supl 1): S238-S247.https://doi.org/10.21149/14809. Available at https://saludpublica.mx/index.php/spm/article/view/14809/12424 (last accessed 11.12.23) 2023: Shamah-Levy T, Lazcano-Ponce EC, Cuevas-Nasu L, Romero-Martínez M, Gaona-Pineda EB, Gómez-Acosta LM, Mendoza-Alvarado LR, Méndez-Gómez-Humarán I. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2023. Resultados Nacionales. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2024. |
| Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas | |
Mulheres
| Referências: | 1960, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1991: Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47 1975: Monteiro CA, Conde WL, Popking BM. Is obesity replacing or adding to undernutrition? Evidence from different social classes in Brazil. 2002. Public Health Nutrition:51(1A), 105-112 1988: Berrios X, Jadue I, Zenteno J, Ross MI, Rodriguez H. Prevalencia de factores de riesgo para enfermedades cronicas. Estudio de la poblacion general de la region Metropolitana, 1986-1987. Rev. Med. Chile. 1990;118:597-604 1992: Uauy R, Albal C, Kain J. Obesity Trends in Latin America: Transiting from Under-to Overweight. Journal of Nutrition 2001;131:S893-S899 1994, 1995: Martorell R, Khan LK, Hughes ML, Grummer Strawn LM. Obesity in women from developing countries. EJCN (2000) 54;247-252 1997: Filozof C, Gonzales C, Sereday M, Mazza C, Braguinsky J. Obesity prevalence and trends in Latin American countries. Obesity Reviews, 2001;2:99-196 1998: Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE/Guatemala and Macro International. 1999. Guatemala Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 1998-1999. Calverton, Maryland, USA: Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE/Guatemala and Macro International. 1999: Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/ 2000: Instituto Nacional de Estadistica e Informática - INEI/Perú and Macro International. 2001. Perú Encuesta Demográfica y de Salud Familiar 2000. Lima, Perú: INEI/Perú and Macro International. 2001: Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA 2006;295(13):1549-1555 2002: Monteiro CA, Conde WL and Popkin BA. (2007). Income-specific trends in obesity in Brazil: 1975 - 2003. American Journal of Public Health, 97 (10): 1808 - 1812. 2003: 2003 ENS Report. Final results on the National Health Survey. Http://epi.minsal.cl/epi/html/invest/ENS/informeFinalENS.pdf. 2004: Instituto Colombiano de Bienestar Familiar. Encuesta Nacional de la Situación Nutricional (ENSIN), 2005. (2006). Available at: https://www.icbf.gov.co/sites/default/files/libro_2005.pdf [Accessed 18.07.25] 2005: 1st Argentinian National Survey of Risk Factors (Encuesta Nacional de Factores de Riesgo). Results from 1-3rd survey reported in the 4th survey report: https://www.indec.gob.ar/ftp/cuadros/publicaciones/enfr_2018_resultados_definitivos.pdf 2006: Olaiz-Fernández G, Rivera-Dommarco J, Shamah-Levy T, Rojas R, Villalpando-Hernández S, Hernández-Avila M, Sepúlveda-Amor J. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2006. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2006. (National Health and Nutrition Survey 2006). 2007: Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Ogden CL and Curtin LR. (2010). Prevalence and trends in obesity among US adults, 1999-2008. Journal of the American Medical Association, 303 (3): 235 - 241. 2008: Ministério da Saúde. Pesquisa de Orcamentos Familiares 2008-9. Antrompoetria E Esado Nutricional de Crianças, Adolescentes E Adultos No Brasil. Instituto Brasileiro de Geografi a e Estatística (IBGE) 2010. 2009: NHANES Survey - Published in Flegal KM, Carrolll MD, Kit BK, Ogden CL. Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among US Adults, 1999-2010. JAMA Published online January 17, 2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.39 2010: ENSIN 2010. Available at https://www.minsalud.gov.co/ (last accessed 05.10.20) 2011: Ruopeng An, “Prevalence and Trends of Adult Obesity in the US, 1999–2012”, ISRN Obesity, vol. 2014, Article ID 185132, 6 pages, 2014. doi:10.1155/2014/185132 2012: Cayemittes, Michel, Michelle Fatuma Busangu, Jean de Dieu Bizimana, Bernard Barrère, Blaise Sévère, Viviane Cayemittes and Emmanuel Charles. 2013. Enquête Mortalité, Morbidité et Utilisation des Services, Haïti, 2012. Calverton, Maryland, USA: Ministère de la Santé Publique et de la Population - MSPP/Haïti , l’Institut Haïtien de l’Enfance - IHE, and ICF International. 2013: FERREIRA, Arthur Pate de Souza; SZWARCWALD, Célia Landmann and DAMACENA, Giseli Nogueira. Prevalence of obesity and associated factors in the Brazilian population: a study of data from the 2013 National Health Survey. Rev. bras. epidemiol. [online]. 2019, vol.22 [cited 2019-05-16], e190024. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1415-790X2019000100420&lng=en&nrm=iso. Epub Apr 01, 2019. ISSN 1415-790X. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1980-549720190024. 2014: Ministerio de Salud Pública y Asistencia Social - MSPAS/Guatemala, Instituto Nacional de Estadística - INE/Guatemala, Secretaría de Planificación y Programación del la Presidencia - Segeplán/Guatemala and ICF International. 2017. Encuesta Nacional de Salud Materno Infantil 2014-2015: Informe Final. Rockville, Maryland, USA: MSPAS, INE, Segeplán and ICF International. 2015: ENSIN 2015. Available at https://www.minsalud.gov.co/ (last accessed 18.07.25) 2016: Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición de Medio Camino 2016 2017: Pickens, C. M., Flores-Ayala, R., Addo, O. Y., Whitehead, R. D., Jr, Palmieri, M., Ramirez-Zea, M., Hong, Y., & Jefferds, M. E. (2020). Prevalence and Predictors of High Blood Pressure Among Women of Reproductive Age and Children Aged 10 to 14 Years in Guatemala. Preventing chronic disease, 17, E66. https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd17.190403 2018: 4th National Survey, Full report available at https://www.indec.gob.ar/indec/web/Nivel4-Tema-4-32-68 (last accessed 29.04.20) 2019: Pesquisa nacional de saúde : 2019 : ciclos de vida : Brasil / IBGE, Coordenação de Trabalho e Rendimento. - Rio de Janeiro : IBGE, 2021. Available at https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/social/health/16840-national-survey-of-health.html?=&t=resultados (last accessed 04.04.23) 2020: Shamah-Levy T, Romero-Martínez M, Barrientos-Gutiérrez T, Cuevas-Nasu L, Bautista-Arredondo S, Colchero MA, GaonaPineda EB, Lazcano-Ponce E, Martínez-Barnetche J, Alpuche-Arana C, Rivera-Dommarco J. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2020 sobre Covid-19. Resultados nacionales. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2021. https://ensanut.insp.mx/encuestas/ensanutcontinua2020/doctos/informes/ensanutCovid19ResultadosNacionales.pdf (Accessed 11.01.2022) 2021: Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation 2022: Campos-Nonato I, Galván-Valencia O,Hernández-Barrera L, Oviedo-Solís C, Barquera S.Prevalence of obesity and associated risk factors in Mexican adults: results of the Ensanut 2022.Salud Publica Mex. 2023;65(supl 1): S238-S247.https://doi.org/10.21149/14809. Available at https://saludpublica.mx/index.php/spm/article/view/14809/12424 (last accessed 11.12.23) 2023: Shamah-Levy T, Lazcano-Ponce EC, Cuevas-Nasu L, Romero-Martínez M, Gaona-Pineda EB, Gómez-Acosta LM, Mendoza-Alvarado LR, Méndez-Gómez-Humarán I. Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición Continua 2023. Resultados Nacionales. Cuernavaca, México: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, 2024. |
| Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas | |
% Adults living with obesity in selected countries worldwide 1976-2018, países selecionados
Homens
| Referências: | 1960, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1988, 1991: Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47 1975: Monteiro CA, Conde WL, Popking BM. Is obesity replacing or adding to undernutrition? Evidence from different social classes in Brazil. 2002. Public Health Nutrition:51(1A), 105-112 1981: Royal College of Physicians (1983). Obesity. Reprinted from the Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London Vol 17 (No 1) January 1983 1982, 1993: Rodriguez-Ojea A, Jimenez S, Berdasco A, Esquivel M. The nutrition transition in Cuba in the nineties:an overview. Public health Nutrition 2002:5(1A), 129-133 1985: Berg C, Rosengren A, Aires N, :appas G, Toren K, Thelle D, Lissner L. Trends in overweight and obesity from 1985 to 2002 in Goteborg, West Sweden. IJO 2005 Aug;29(8):916-24 1986: Yoshiike N, Seino F, Tajima S, Arai Y, Kawano M, Furuhata T, Inoue S. Twenty-year changes in the prevalence of overweight in Japanese adults: The National Nutrition Survey 1976-95. Obesity Reviews 2002;3:183-190 1990: Berg C, Rosengren A, Aires N, :appas G, Toren K, Thelle D, Lissner L. Trends in overweight and obesity from 1985 to 2002 in Goteborg, West Sweden. IJO 2005 online published ahead of print. 1992: Lahti-Koski M, Pietinen P, Munnisto S, Vartiainen E. Trends in waist to hip ratio and its determinants in adults in Finland from 1987 to 1997. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000;72:1436-1444 1995: Health Survey for England 1995. 1996: Health Survey for England 1996. 1997: Health Survey for England 1997. 1998: Health Survey for England 1998. 1999: Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/ 2000: Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. The burden of overweight and obesity in the Asia-Pacific region. Obesity Reviews 2007;8:191-196. 2001: Health Survey for England 2001. 2002: Health Survey for England 2002. 2003: Health Survey for England 2003. 2004: Health Survey for England 2004. 2005: Health Survey for England 2005. 2006: Health Survey for England 2006. 2007: Peltonen M, Harald K, Männistö S, Saarikoski L, Lund L, Sundvall J, Juolevi A, Laatikainen T, Aldén-Nieminen H, Luoto R, Jousilahti P, Salomaa V, Taimi M, Vartiainen E. Kansallinen FINRISKI 2007 –terveystutkimus, Tutkimuksen toteutus ja tulokset: Taulukkoliite. Kansanterveyslaitos. Yliopistopaino, Helsinki 2008. 2008: Bromley C, Bradshaw P and Given L. (2009). 2008 Scottish Health Survey, Volume 1. The Scottish Government, Edinburgh. 2009: NHANES Survey - Published in Flegal KM, Carrolll MD, Kit BK, Ogden CL. Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among US Adults, 1999-2010. JAMA Published online January 17, 2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.39 2010: Health Survey for England 2010 2011: Health Survey for England 2011 (http://www.ic.nhs.uk/searchcatalogue?productid=10152&returnid=1685 last accessed 7th January 2013) 2012: Kansallinen FINRISKI 2012 -terveystutkimus - Osa 2: Tutkimuksen taulukkoliite. http://www.julkari.fi/handle/10024/114942 (last accessed 9th November 2017) 2013: Scottish Health Survey http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2014/12/9982/downloads (last accessed 9th December 2013) 2014: Health Survey for England 2014 http://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB19297 (last accessed 16th December 2015) 2015: Health Survey for England 2015. Available at: http://content.digital.nhs.uk/searchcatalogue?productid=23711&returnid=1685 (last accessed 14th December 2016) 2016: Health Survey for England 2016. Available at: https://digital.nhs.uk/catalogue/PUB30169 (last accessed 13 December 2017) 2017: Scottish Government. (2017). Scottish Health Survey 2017. Available: https://www.gov.scot/Resource/0054/00540654.pdf. Last accessed 3rd Oct 2018. 2018: National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2018 published by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Available at https://www.nibiohn.go.jp/eiken/kenkounippon21/download_files/eiyouchousa/2018.pdf (last accessed 17.05.21) 2019: Pesquisa nacional de saúde : 2019 : ciclos de vida : Brasil / IBGE, Coordenação de Trabalho e Rendimento. - Rio de Janeiro : IBGE, 2021. Available at https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/social/health/16840-national-survey-of-health.html?=&t=resultados (last accessed 04.04.23) 2021: Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation 2022: Health Survey for England 2022. Available at https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/health-survey-for-england/2022-part-2 (last accessed 08.10.24) |
| Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas | |
Mulheres
| Referências: | 1960, 1971, 1973, 1976, 1988, 1991: Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL. Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960-1994. International Journal of Obesity (1998);22:39-47 1975: Monteiro CA, Conde WL, Popking BM. Is obesity replacing or adding to undernutrition? Evidence from different social classes in Brazil. 2002. Public Health Nutrition:51(1A), 105-112 1981: Royal College of Physicians (1983). Obesity. Reprinted from the Journal of the Royal College of Physicians of London Vol 17 (No 1) January 1983 1982, 1993: Rodriguez-Ojea A, Jimenez S, Berdasco A, Esquivel M. The nutrition transition in Cuba in the nineties:an overview. Public health Nutrition 2002:5(1A), 129-133 1985: Berg C, Rosengren A, Aires N, :appas G, Toren K, Thelle D, Lissner L. Trends in overweight and obesity from 1985 to 2002 in Goteborg, West Sweden. IJO 2005 Aug;29(8):916-24 1986: Yoshiike N, Seino F, Tajima S, Arai Y, Kawano M, Furuhata T, Inoue S. Twenty-year changes in the prevalence of overweight in Japanese adults: The National Nutrition Survey 1976-95. Obesity Reviews 2002;3:183-190 1990: Berg C, Rosengren A, Aires N, :appas G, Toren K, Thelle D, Lissner L. Trends in overweight and obesity from 1985 to 2002 in Goteborg, West Sweden. IJO 2005 online published ahead of print. 1992: Lahti-Koski M, Pietinen P, Munnisto S, Vartiainen E. Trends in waist to hip ratio and its determinants in adults in Finland from 1987 to 1997. American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2000;72:1436-1444 1995: Health Survey for England 1995. 1996: Health Survey for England 1996. 1997: Health Survey for England 1997. 1998: Health Survey for England 1998. 1999: Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. http://www.cdc.gov/ 2000: Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration. The burden of overweight and obesity in the Asia-Pacific region. Obesity Reviews 2007;8:191-196. 2001: Health Survey for England 2001. 2002: Health Survey for England 2002. 2003: Health Survey for England 2003. 2004: Health Survey for England 2004. 2005: Health Survey for England 2005. 2006: Health Survey for England 2006. 2007: Peltonen M, Harald K, Männistö S, Saarikoski L, Lund L, Sundvall J, Juolevi A, Laatikainen T, Aldén-Nieminen H, Luoto R, Jousilahti P, Salomaa V, Taimi M, Vartiainen E. Kansallinen FINRISKI 2007 –terveystutkimus, Tutkimuksen toteutus ja tulokset: Taulukkoliite. Kansanterveyslaitos. Yliopistopaino, Helsinki 2008. 2008: Bromley C, Bradshaw P and Given L. (2009). 2008 Scottish Health Survey, Volume 1. The Scottish Government, Edinburgh. 2009: NHANES Survey - Published in Flegal KM, Carrolll MD, Kit BK, Ogden CL. Prevalence of Obesity and Trends in the Distribution of Body Mass Index Among US Adults, 1999-2010. JAMA Published online January 17, 2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.2012.39 2010: Health Survey for England 2010 2011: Health Survey for England 2011 (http://www.ic.nhs.uk/searchcatalogue?productid=10152&returnid=1685 last accessed 7th January 2013) 2012: Kansallinen FINRISKI 2012 -terveystutkimus - Osa 2: Tutkimuksen taulukkoliite. http://www.julkari.fi/handle/10024/114942 (last accessed 9th November 2017) 2013: Scottish Health Survey http://www.scotland.gov.uk/Publications/2014/12/9982/downloads (last accessed 9th December 2013) 2014: Health Survey for England 2014 http://www.hscic.gov.uk/catalogue/PUB19297 (last accessed 16th December 2015) 2015: Health Survey for England 2015. Available at: http://content.digital.nhs.uk/searchcatalogue?productid=23711&returnid=1685 (last accessed 14th December 2016) 2016: Health Survey for England 2016. Available at: https://digital.nhs.uk/catalogue/PUB30169 (last accessed 13 December 2017) 2017: Scottish Government. (2017). Scottish Health Survey 2017. Available: https://www.gov.scot/Resource/0054/00540654.pdf. Last accessed 3rd Oct 2018. 2018: National Health and Nutrition Survey, 2018 published by the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare. Available at https://www.nibiohn.go.jp/eiken/kenkounippon21/download_files/eiyouchousa/2018.pdf (last accessed 17.05.21) 2019: Pesquisa nacional de saúde : 2019 : ciclos de vida : Brasil / IBGE, Coordenação de Trabalho e Rendimento. - Rio de Janeiro : IBGE, 2021. Available at https://www.ibge.gov.br/en/statistics/social/health/16840-national-survey-of-health.html?=&t=resultados (last accessed 04.04.23) 2021: Reanalysis of NHANES 2021-2023 by Rachel Jackson Leach, World Obesity Federation 2022: Health Survey for England 2022. Available at https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/health-survey-for-england/2022-part-2 (last accessed 08.10.24) |
| Diferentes metodologias podem ter sido usadas para recolher estes dados e, portanto, os dados de diferentes inquéritos podem não ser estritamente comparáveis. Verifique as fontes de dados originais para as metodologias utilizadas | |
